1.2BQ. Trace the elements of wit and humour in the drama/play importance of being Earnest.
Ans.
(Wit: হাসি ঠাট্টা থাকবে কিন্তু কথাটা মস্তিষ্কে গেঁথে যাবে। ডাবল মিনিং ওয়ালা শব্দ থাকতে পারে, কথা থাকতে পারে, চতুরতা টাইপের ডায়লগ থাকতে পারে।
Humour: সাধারণ জোকস, কৌতুক, মজা, ঠাট্টা।)
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"The Importance of Being Earnest," by Oscar Wilde, is a very funny play that has been making people laugh since it first came out in 1895. The play is famous for its wit and humor, using smart jokes, clever wordplay, and funny looks at the silly rules of Victorian society. Wilde uses many ways to make people laugh, like puns, witty conversations, and ridiculous situations. In this simple analysis, we will look at how Wilde uses wit and humor to make "The Importance of Being Earnest" a timeless and much-loved play.
Wordplay and Puns
One of the main ways Wilde creates humor is through wordplay and puns. This means he uses words in clever ways that have more than one meaning. For example, the title of the play itself is a pun. "Earnest" sounds like "Ernest," a name. But "earnest" also means serious or sincere. The characters pretend to be someone named Ernest, which is funny because they are not being earnest (serious) at all.
Witty Dialogues
The characters often speak in very witty and clever ways. They say things that are surprising and funny because they turn common ideas upside down. For example, when Lady Bracknell says, "To lose one parent, Mr. Worthing, may be regarded as a misfortune; to lose both looks like carelessness," it is funny because losing parents is usually not something people think of as careless. Wilde makes jokes by making the characters say things that are the opposite of what we expect.
Absurd Situations
The play is full of absurd situations that are funny because they are so unlikely. For example, both Jack and Algernon pretend to be named Ernest, which causes lots of confusion. It’s silly that both women in the play, Gwendolen and Cecily, are in love with the name "Ernest" more than the men themselves. This makes us laugh because it shows how ridiculous it is to care so much about a name.
Satire
Wilde uses humor to make fun of the society of his time. He shows how people care too much about things that don’t really matter, like names, appearances, and social status. Lady Bracknell is a perfect example of this. She cares so much about money and family background that she forgets about love and kindness. Wilde makes her say funny things to show how silly these social rules are.
Clever Insults
The characters often insult each other in very clever and funny ways. For instance, Algernon says to Jack, "All women become like their mothers. That is their tragedy. No man does. That’s his." It’s a funny way of saying that people often do not want to become like their parents, and it makes us laugh because it’s a surprising and clever way to put it.
Mistaken Identities
The plot of the play relies on mistaken identities, which is a common source of humor. Jack and Algernon both pretend to be someone they are not, leading to lots of funny misunderstandings. For example, when both Gwendolen and Cecily think they are engaged to a man named Ernest, they end up fighting over the same imaginary person. This mix-up makes for a lot of laughs as the truth comes out.
Exaggeration
Wilde uses exaggeration to make things funnier. The characters often have extreme reactions to small problems. For example, when Gwendolen finds out Jack’s real name is not Ernest, she acts as if it is a huge disaster. This overreaction makes the audience laugh because it’s out of proportion to the actual problem.
Ridiculous Social Customs
The play mocks the social customs of the time. For example, when Lady Bracknell interviews Jack to see if he is suitable to marry Gwendolen, she asks him ridiculous questions about his income and family. She doesn’t care about whether he is a good person. This scene is funny because it shows how ridiculous and shallow social customs can be.
Paradox and Irony
Wilde loves to use paradoxes and irony, where what happens is the opposite of what we expect. For example, Jack says he has been lying about his name being Ernest, but then it turns out his real name actually is Ernest. This twist is funny because it is so unexpected.
(Conclusion কথা টি উল্লেখ না করে)
Overall, "The Importance of Being Earnest" is a very funny play because of its witty dialogues, puns, absurd situations, and clever critiques of society. Oscar Wilde uses humor to show us the silly side of social rules and to make us think about what really matters in life. The play is a great example of how comedy can be both entertaining and thought-provoking.
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