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In thermodynamics and heat transfer, the terms "sensible heat" and "latent heat" refer to two distinct forms of heat transfer associated with changes in temperature and phase changes, respectively. Each type of heat transfer has its own equation to calculate the amount of heat involved. Here are the equations for sensible heat and latent heat:
*1. Sensible Heat (Qs):*
Sensible heat is the heat transfer associated with changes in temperature of a substance without a change in phase (solid, liquid, gas). The equation for sensible heat is:
\[Qs = m * C * ΔT\]
Where:
- \(Qs\) = Sensible heat (in Joules or calories)
- \(m\) = Mass of the substance (in kilograms or grams)
- \(C\) = Specific heat capacity of the substance (in Joules per kilogram per degree Celsius or calories per gram per degree Celsius)
- \(ΔT\) = Change in temperature (in degrees Celsius or Kelvin)
Note that the specific heat capacity (\(C\)) may vary depending on the substance. For example, the specific heat capacity of water is approximately 4.18 J/g°C, while the specific heat capacity of air is approximately 1.006 J/g°C.
*2. Latent Heat (Ql):*
Latent heat is the heat transfer associated with a change in phase of a substance (e.g., from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas) at a constant temperature. The equation for latent heat is:
\[Ql = m * L\]
Where:
- \(Ql\) = Latent heat (in Joules or calories)
- \(m\) = Mass of the substance undergoing a phase change (in kilograms or grams)
- \(L\) = Latent heat of the substance (in Joules per kilogram or calories per gram)
The latent heat (\(L\)) is specific to the substance and the phase change. For example, the latent heat of fusion for water (the heat required to change ice at 0°C to water at 0°C) is approximately 333.55 kJ/kg.
These equations are fundamental in thermodynamics and heat transfer calculations, allowing you to quantify the amount of heat involved in temperature changes and phase transitions for various substances. The specific values of specific heat capacity (\(C\)) and latent heat (\(L\)) depend on the substance and should be referenced from relevant tables or data sources for accurate calculations.
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