Trichogramma gicai Pintureau & Stefanescu, 2000 (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Trichogrammatidae) parasitizing an egg of Scarce swallowtail (Iphiclides podalirius (L)) in the South of France, August 2015
Trichogramma gicai is a egg parasitoid from the family Trichogrammatidae from which some of the tiniest wasps in the Chalcidoidea belongs. All species of this familie parasitizes the eggs of many different orders of insects.
So far, Trichogramma gicai has only been reported from eggs collected in situ of I. feishtmalli in Spain (Stefanescu et al, 2010) and from eggs collected in Madeira (Spain) of Pararge xiphia (Gibbs et al, 2004). In 2014 T. gicai was for the first time identified in France, when it was reared from eggs of the Swallowtail (Papilio machaon (L.))(Papilionidae):
Video - Trichogramma gicai parasitizes eggs of Papilio machaon
• Trichogrammatidae : Tr...
On the Iberian peninsula T. gicai was reared from eggs of the Southern scarce Swallowtail (Iphiclides feisthamelii (Duponchel))(Papilionidae) and the Cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae (L.)) ( Noctuidae). From Madera T. gicai was reared from the endemic Madeiran Speckled Wood (Pararge xiphia (Fabricius)) and Speckled Wood (P. aegeria (L.)) (Nymphalidae)(Gibbs et al., 2004).
From 2015 up to 2020, T. gicai is very often reared from the eggs of Scarce swallowtail (Iphiclides podalirius (L.)) (Papilionidae) in the region of Callas (Var). In the South of France the Scarce swallowtail has three generations and uses different host plants from the genus Prunus for oviposition. In this case eggs are laid on small Almond (Prunus dulcis).
The freshly laid cream-coloured egg of about 1.3 mm is quickly noticed by a minute T. gicai of 0.3 mm. The female parasitoid carefully inspects the egg and will inject her eggs in several places.
In May, depending on the weather conditions, the development of T. gicai takes between 20 and 25 days. After about 8 days, parasitized eggs darken and become marbled or black. In July, the development of these trichos is much quicker and takes about 10 days, after which up to 32 adult T. gicai can emerge from one I. podalirius egg, through just one exit hole. In general, the first parasitoid that makes the opening is a male that waits at the opening for a female to emerge. If a female emerge it will try to mate immediately. When several males have emerged and are waiting at the exit opening for females, a stiff competition takes place. All adult T.gicai emerge with folded wings. Only later do the wasps unfold their wings and fly away. Sometimes wingless males are also observed as can be seen in this video. After about an hour, 30 T. gicai have emerged from this egg; 11 males and 19 females
References
Gibbs, M., Broad G.R. & Polaszek, A. (2004) - Trichogramma gicai Pintureau & Stefanescu, 2000 (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) reared as an egg parasitoid of the Madeiran endemic butterfly, Pararge xiphia (Lepidoptera: Satyridae) - Bocagiana, Museu Municipal do Funchal (Historia Natural) 214.
Pintureau, B., Stefanescu, C. & Kenis, M. (2000) - Two new European species of Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Annales de la Société Entomologique de France, 36: 417-422.
For more information visit our website Filming VarWild
Scarce swallowtail (Iphiclides podalirius (L))
www.filming-varwild.com/a-poda...
Негізгі бет Ғылым және технология 30 Trichogramma gicai emerge from one Iphiclides podalirius egg
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