Biological energy transducers are mechanisms that convert energy from one form to another, such as from light or inorganic compounds into a transmembrane difference of electrochemical potential. This potential is important for: Solute and nutrient cell import, ATP synthesis, and Motility.
Biological transducers translate physical or chemical stimuli into electrical or chemical signals which can be processed by the organism.
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In biology, the fundamental sources of energy involve synthesis of water and photosynthesis. Since both processes are rather complex and cannot be exploited directly, they are used to synthesize ATP which acts as an energy carrier.
Energy transducers are organelles that can transform one source of energy into another, such as chloroplasts and mitochondria.
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