On 24 August 2021, Algeria announced that it had broken off diplomatic relations with neighbouring Morocco. Coming after many months of growing tensions, the decision marks a worrying new phase in the long-strained relations between these two important North African states. The move is especially worrying as a decision to sever diplomatic relations can sometimes be a prelude to armed conflict. So, what exactly led to the Algerian decision to cut diplomatic ties? And just how seriously should we take it?
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Algeria and Morocco have long had a very difficult relationship. Tensions first emerged soon after they won their independence from France, when Morocco laid claim to two Algerian provinces. This led to a short conflict - the 1963 Sand War. However, while Morocco eventually dropped its claim to the territories, the confrontation sowed the seeds of a difficult relationship that lasts to this day. In particular, the two countries have been at loggerheads over Western Sahara. While Morocco claims it as sovereign territory, Algeria has backed the Polisario Front, which is fighting for Western Saharan independence. In addition, the situation has been made more difficult by their fundamentally different political systems and international outlook of the two countries. But the roots of the current tensions lie in a series of developments that have taken place since the end of 2020. These included the decision of the United States to recognise Morocco's claim to Western Sahara and Morocco's decision to recognise Israel. These developments, along with several others, including Berber separatism in the Kabylia region of Algeria and the Pegasus surveillance issue, appear to have led to Algeria's decision to break off diplomatic relations. The question is what happens next? While there are reasons to be hopeful that it won't lead to armed conflict, the possibility of war cannot be completely discounted.
CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
0:30 The Significance of Breaking Off Diplomatic Relations
1:26 Algeria and Morocco Compared
2:34 The History of Algerian-Moroccan Tensions
5:01 Why did Algeria Break Off Relations with Morocco?
8:20 Will the Crisis between Algeria and Morocco Escalate?
11:36 The Difficult Relationship Between Algeria-Morocco
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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES
Algeria Ministry of Foreign Affairs www.mae.gov.dz/default_en.aspx
Morocco Ministry of Foreign Affairs www.diplomatie.ma/en
MINURSO minurso.unmissions.org
Politics and Power in the Maghreb amzn.to/3BgSM0D
A History of Algeria Paperback amzn.to/3gFIXkV
The Maghreb Since 1800 amzn.to/3mDGdZ7
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KEYWORDS
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