some aluminum bronze variations have a percentage of iron added and can be hardened up to 66RW. They're most commonly used in marine or industrial applications where strength comparable to steels is needed but also corrosion resistance. They make for great boat propellers
@monkeking8604
Ай бұрын
What is RW rating, I knew HRC rating but not RW
@dbmail545
Ай бұрын
@@monkeking8604 Rockwell
@monkeking8604
Ай бұрын
@@dbmail545 rockwell hardness is in HRC not RW
@Patrik6920
Ай бұрын
@@monkeking8604 depends on country, usually HR or RW is used everywhere, HRC denotes one of the tests used in hardness deformation test HR-C (Hardness-Rockwell-Crystal tip deformation) Usually diomond. HRB wich is more common, is Hardeness-Rockwell-Ball indention as HV (Hardness-Vickerscale) HB (Hardness-Brinellscale) HR (Hardness-Rockwellscale) ..for the most how much a diomond deform is of littel use in most cases, its more a value of scratch resistance wich is for the most cases useless information...
@faq_is_love
Ай бұрын
Why not use stainless steel?
@iainburgess8577
Ай бұрын
4:15 vaporisation. TIG has an extremely hot point source, that lowers Rapidly as it radiates away from that source into vastly larger volumes. But your spark is around 5000k/4700⁰C. Aluminium vaporises around half that, same with copper, but the multiple minor ratios of the entire process will have vaporised one more than the other, and changed the exact composition relative to the whole head. Likely also localised heat colouration; that spot was melted and cooled under different, less controlled circumstances. It's why material type, filler type, welding settings be extremely important.
@AS40143
Ай бұрын
or it may be due to the liquation
@DitchWizardry
Ай бұрын
Was gonna say something to this effect. Even under shielding gas, *some* aluminum at the very surface of the metal will sublimate/vaporize (depending on if it's solid and glowing or a molten puddle when we're looking at it) if the bulk temperature of the bronze is high enough to give aluminum a meaningful vapor pressure compared to 1 ATM. TIG blows way past that point and I'm not surprised there's a visible composition gradient in that thin layer. Love this stuff!
@Sustainerz
Ай бұрын
Great comment, that's what I was thinking ❤
@alexiachimciuc3199
Ай бұрын
Why didn't he used an oxy acetylene torch for welding? Or oxy propane?
@DitchWizardry
Ай бұрын
@@alexiachimciuc3199 None of those can heat a small area up enough fast enough to gloop on some extra base material like that, than TIG. You can braze with bronze, but it would be HARD to braze to the surface of an axe head like that with anything other than TIG. You'd end up roasting the whole piece before the area you're adding filler to was hot enough. It would be uglier, even if it worked.
@Pablo668
Ай бұрын
I guess there are good reasons why a whole age was dedicated to using bronze as a go to material. Great work btw, and the axes look really cool too.
@andrewwilks2700
Ай бұрын
Blame Crom for not leaving steel on the battlefield until the Hyborian Age
@user-ug5sb6qg1u
Ай бұрын
Tin is relatively rare so bronze was more expensive to make than iron which is much more common as an ore. Bronze is stronger and harder than pure iron but economics forced it out.
@Pablo668
Ай бұрын
@@user-ug5sb6qg1u Iron was relatively harder to work into a useful tool. I think that is the main thing that held it back. The Chinese did better with Iron cause they invented a double acting air pump (bellows). It pumped air on both the on and out stroke.
@user-ug5sb6qg1u
Ай бұрын
@@Pablo668 I know about the bellows, I made one, and I agree about iron being harder to shape than bronze, because you can cast what you need of bronze with minimal shaping and just some cleanup. They would, however, have been familiar with hammering metal to different shapes using heat in the middle to late bronze age at least, possibly early bronze age due to extensive copper working. Bronze shorts when worked hot but copper can be worked a little easier, plus silver and gold by the middle bronze age for jewelry. The longer, more intensive process of smelting iron had a lot to do with it, basically they had to reinvent the wheel to get it right. But even though it was softer than bronze, there was less likely to be an iron shortage because it was everywhere. The Asian box bellows, some dispute over whether China gets too much credit, some say it was a southeast Asian design, I have no opinion until I do more research, was very efficient. They also developed a highly efficient smelting technique that was used to produce very good quality iron and steel that, according to Nova, passed to Europe through trade routes.
@Pablo668
Ай бұрын
@@user-ug5sb6qg1u Yeah I agree with all of that. I think (guessing from memory) that there was some overlap between late bronze age and early iron age. I think natively at least iron working in Europe was basically smelting iron into a bloom and then working it from there. It has been a while ssince I studied this stuff.
@zaynehayashi2528
Ай бұрын
It may not look impressive to anyone else, but u drawing those lines was perfection
@Freeman-Dl70
Ай бұрын
If you hold the pencil or marker and use your finger to guide along the edge, you would get the same results.
@analyticgeometry9014
Ай бұрын
I read the "It may not look impressive" part of your comment, and my brain immediately filled in "but this is what peak performance looks like" haha
@okultusrexus3660
Ай бұрын
I'm an illustrator and noticed that right way, really top notch accuracy in that line and on both sides to match. Chef's kiss!
@okultusrexus3660
Ай бұрын
@@Freeman-Dl70 Of course or you could use a stencil or a computer operated laser. But he didn't, it's freehand that's the point.
@Freeman-Dl70
Ай бұрын
@okultusrexus3660 Thanks, Captain Obvious. Your attempt to make me look stupid has the opposite effect. Where in my comment made you think I said anything about stencils? Wasn't my comment simply telling someone they could do like carpenters do and guide their finger? Climb off your high horse, it's only a .25 cent mechanical pony.
@NFTI
Ай бұрын
That hammered texture on the blades looks sweet.
@lukesheridan4623
Ай бұрын
lol random nate spotting
@theoldantleredmyth
Ай бұрын
It's my favorite texture lol, I've probably spent hundreds of hours with a ball peen hammer texturing just about everything I make. Looks great on everything from knives to jewelry.
@DH-.
Ай бұрын
It probably tastes metallic tho
@theimperfectgod7140
Ай бұрын
@@DH-. Huh... 🗿
@noneyabidness9644
Ай бұрын
Are you going to cast your lot at your own bronze axe?
@HicklingStand
Ай бұрын
Just a note - for axe hafts (handles) the grain should be aligned with the direction of the axe blade for maximum strength and to minimise damage. Hickory is the best wood for handles but when I saw the grain at around 6:20ish it’s basically the opposite of what I look for in an axe handle. It might not make much of a difference in the short term and on axes of this length, but for longevity and to avoid issues on any longer axes in the future I’d always try and get that grain in line with the axe blade.
@ganjalfcreamcorn8438
Ай бұрын
that does make sense. i suppose the wood is less likely to delaminate or fracture that way. thanks for the info.
@ieuanhunt552
Ай бұрын
I knew something looked off about them. Good eye.
@Uncephalized
Ай бұрын
It's much more important that the grain doesn't run out than which orientation the rings are in. Those handles will be fine. I'd be more worried about the loose fit at the bottom of the eye. You should have to tap an axe handle home firmly with a baton or mallet, it shouldn't just drop onto a shoulder like that.
@TheDuckofDoom.
Ай бұрын
also important is not to get half heartwood and half sapwood, to avoid warping problems.
@SchrodingerMil
Ай бұрын
Hickory? Baaah. There’s an Irishman who’s quite adamant about Ash.
@seanyackley3700
Ай бұрын
I'm kicking myself for not remembering the book, but there was a knifemaker who did probably hundreds of test trying to figure out what the best method for quenching blades was to maximize edge retention his testing method was to cut short segments off of a rope with the knives, counting how many cuts he made, once he could feel the knives struggling, he called that his stopping point, it would be cool to see you try this with the bronzes, more controlled than chopping wood at the very least for those interested, his best method was to quench a blade 3 separate times, waiting 24 hours after each quench (waiting apparently made a huge difference, it started when he got interrupted before the 2nd quench, and he struggled for some time to figure out why that knife preformed so much better, until he remembered the interruption )
@bustavonnutz
29 күн бұрын
Underrated comment, should be pinned, what liquid did he use?
@Multicam44
29 күн бұрын
Sounds like an older Pete of Cedric and Ada yt fame.
@szilardfineascovasa6144
22 күн бұрын
The grandpa of CATRA tests 🙂.
@LH_Vagrant
20 күн бұрын
I have no idea who it was, but I could see Larrin Thomas take on a project like that.
@andrewengstrom1516
12 күн бұрын
3 quenched with a day between was best huh? I've never heard of that - or anything like it. VERY interesting.
@taylorstumpp4005
Ай бұрын
aluminum alloyed metals can change color with annealing. the spot is because your weld cooled at a quicker rate than the casting. If you anneal after repairing at 600-900 it should go away.
@PajamaPantsStudios
Күн бұрын
That’s interesting! Thanks for letting us know
@rosmundsen
Ай бұрын
In the book The Odyssey, bronze was the material used for weapons. The phrase "the cruel bronze" is often used. That has stuck with me after reading it many years ago.
@hoi-polloi1863
29 күн бұрын
I hear ya! I was wondering the whole time when we'd see the test of trying to hack through a Trojan's armor...
@NogrimStoneson
3 күн бұрын
bronze wont bind up as much in a metal vs metal strike. meaning it wouldnt catch in an enemies shield (the iron band on the edge), a blade, or armour the same way other metals would. i imagine it would make it much better at puncturing chain mail or sliding in between armour joints.
@totalassuage
15 сағат бұрын
I remember the description of arrows and speartips going through the diferent tlayers of the shields...
@Knapweed
Ай бұрын
Bronze is a wonderful metal for marine use, it's tough, resilient and very corrosion resistant providing you take care of electrolysis. It makes a beautiful looking axe. Good job.
@sinakaedwards2009
Ай бұрын
The pour was so on point the lines from the 3D molds was even cast. Impressive.
@colbunkmust
Ай бұрын
An appleseed edge is another term for a convex edge, where there's no discernible edge bevel as the edge is blended cleanly to its apex.
@SebaztienHawke-ci5hm
Ай бұрын
… So he didn’t give it an “appleseed” edge?
@Shadrach666
Минут бұрын
@@SebaztienHawke-ci5hm Correct
@rhonin255
27 күн бұрын
I think having a proper steel axe as a baseline comparision would have really helped putting these results into perspective.
@jeffrowlette
Ай бұрын
As an Aerospace machinist, I really loved watching this 👍
@robertbrun
12 сағат бұрын
As a hotel receptionist, I also loved watching this.
@woodworker489
7 күн бұрын
One note, you've made metal axe that looks like a metal axe, but in Ancient times for quite a long time they made metal axes that look like stone axes, with huge bulbous convex edges that were basically indestructible. It took a long time for the form to adapt to the material properties.
@JoMcD21
Ай бұрын
Those cold forge marks are why I clicked. You definitely are right - they're cool!
@jadenephrite
Ай бұрын
Thank you for your video. For those who are unfamiliar with sand casting, the top half of the mold flask frame is called the "Cope", the bottom half of the mold flask frame is called the "Drag", and the sand packing tool is called the "Rammer".
@justayoutuber1906
28 күн бұрын
Rammer Time.
@navienslavement
11 күн бұрын
Cope
@TheLegendaryHacker
9 күн бұрын
@@navienslavementCope and Drag, Rammer
@haydenc2742
Ай бұрын
You should mold in the "welding bars" into the top surface, so when you pour it, it won't just run off...but pool into a nice formed rod Either way...such an incredible design and build! Keep em coming!!!!
@JonathanFisherS
Ай бұрын
As a casual observer, those casting molds and the results were incredibly impressive.
@Godtrulylovesyouall
10 күн бұрын
Jesus truly does love you, He stands at the door and knocks, blessed is the man who lets Him in. Jesús te ama de verdad, se para a la puerta y llama, bendito sea el hombre que lo deja entrar.
@stratagama
4 күн бұрын
@@Godtrulylovesyouall well he must not love you if you feel the need to do all of this.
@littlebacchus216
Ай бұрын
Just like to say a thank you as I've been a viewer for some time and I really appreciate the time you spend explaining things that may be obvious to other metal workers and done without patronizing us viewers who may not be as knolagable.
@nunyabusiness9043NunyaBiz
Ай бұрын
Kudos on the proper use of risers to minimize shrink defects.
@Overlycomplicatedswede
2 күн бұрын
I absolutely love the slight rose red color on the tin axe, it looks absolutely stunning.
@EvilDaveCanada
Ай бұрын
Did you know that the most common version of aluminum bronze is called Nordic Gold? Nordic Gold is what the .10€, .20€ & the .50€ coins are made of. They choose that metal because it does not contain any metals that people would have a contact reaction with.
@johngibson7307
Ай бұрын
If this guy started making these for sale i would definitely start buying them for my collection
@TheWolfiet
Ай бұрын
I'd HAVE to have one of these.
@Minty1337
Ай бұрын
how about bismuth bronze or black bronze? im always interested to see how different alloys perform
@just_that_crazy5179
Ай бұрын
Bismuth bronze?
@Minty1337
Ай бұрын
@@just_that_crazy5179 bronze of the bismuth variety, if i remember correctly it's an alloy of bismuth (obviously), zinc and copper and it looks neat, but i don't know how durable it is.
@aggese
Ай бұрын
@@Minty1337its mostly a self lubrecating alloy Their are basically infinite versions of bronze some work as expected some do something compleatly unexpected Black bronze looks neet but is 8% silver and 8% gold so get expensive quickly
@Minty1337
Ай бұрын
@@aggese only 8% silver doesn't seem too bad, but the gold is a bit ouch. yea its weird how easily copper seems to 'bond' with other metals and produce funky alloys, and they all got such unique colors and properties too, far more fun than steel alloys in my opinion.
@sunshaker01
Ай бұрын
There is another ancient bronze that was used that you want to stay away from even though it is actually pretty good, Arsenical Bronze. Arsenical Bronze contains between 1% and 12% Arsenic (yes a Toxic Heavy Metal), with the rest Copper (and sometimes Tin), making this stuff can cause serious health problems and even death. A number of Copper Ores contain significant amounts of Arsenic (Enargite, Olivenite and Tennantite), likely the first accidentally discovered alloy and type of bronze, but due to the improved characteristics it was likely deliberately manufactured fairly quickly. Highly levels of Copper and Arsenic were discovered in Ötzi's hair (Ötzi, The Iceman, is a 3000+ year old (Chalcolithic, Copper Age) natural mummy found in ice along the Austria-Italy border), suggesting he was involved copper smelting and that they were using some of these copper/arsenic ores.
@JumpMan2542
Ай бұрын
I actually really like how these look! The more orangey color looks really good with the tan of the wood! And that hammered edge is just an awesome finishing touch
@MikeNoyb
18 күн бұрын
You never know what you'll find amazing and informative when you surf YT. THANKS!
@TuttleScott
Ай бұрын
that hammered edge is pretty cool looking too
@user-gp2px8kr5d
26 күн бұрын
Your attention to detail stands out. Your skills are self evident. Your voice overs are appreciated. You tell us what you're doing and why? Well done Sir 👏
@tomt4946
Ай бұрын
Guess I’m not going to sleep now
@wildhayven
5 күн бұрын
Same
@J0hnnyShad0w
3 күн бұрын
As far as the Tin Bronze staying sharp, I have made a straight razor out of Tin Bronze and, after 3 years of use, all the owner does is an occasional edge touch up. He uses it daily LOVE this video
@ZoonCrypticon
Ай бұрын
I like your organized and clean style of manufacturing !
@jimday6244
6 күн бұрын
You satisfied a curiosity that I have always had about Bronze tools and their resilience and strength. Great job.
@justhadrums
9 күн бұрын
This would be the ultimate material for making acoustic drums. Aluminum rings like a bell and bronze has a lower register but is super cutting and excites the room.
@leightonolsson4846
5 күн бұрын
The handles you made are gorgeous, and the colour of bronze is so lovely
@michelhv
Ай бұрын
You should do a razor next. Romans were clean shaven with large round bronze razors with work hardened edges. Since then we switched to carbon steel and sharpening, but I’ve always wondered how bronze would perform!
@zimzob
27 күн бұрын
Bronze is also anti-microbial, which explains how Roman surgeons were able to perform complicated surgeries without antibiotics - their scalpels and other instruments were all made of bronze !
@MaaZeus
26 күн бұрын
Probably comparable as far as use goes. Even though steel is harder, that comes into play only in edge retention properties, meaning steel holds its edge longer before resharpening is required. That said a bronze shaving knife would be badass and I would totally buy one if available. Bronze is so beautiful.
@Dee_Just_Dee
10 күн бұрын
True! Something that people don't think so much about is how we actually had "shaving sharp" blades in antiquity. Not everybody was walking around with grizzled beards and crudely-cut hair, and it's not like the Romans had genetic factors giving them boyish faces. The middle and upper classes had access to some properly razor-sharp blades for a baby's-butt-smooth shave.
@simonpetrikov3992
5 күн бұрын
@@zimzoboh yeah copper is toxic to bacteria
@nogum9763
Ай бұрын
The difference in colour is a restult of the krystalline lattice forming differently, since it cooled faster, causing their atoms to allign differently. The colour would become uniform, if you heated it up, and then cool it down again (Tempering). Depending on how hot you make it, and how fast you cool it you alter the properties of the metal quite drastically. It will make it softer or harder, depending on how much you heat it, and how quickly you cool it down again. Quick cooling will make it Hard and Brittle, slow cooling will result in it becming Soft and Ductile. If you are proficient in tempering, you can make the edge hard, while keeping the core and body soft, which will cause your axe to hold an edge for longer, and prevent it from chipping easily. I know how to do this with pretty much any Steel, but that one i am not familiar with. You can test it by casting or forging rods, then heat them and cool them differently and see the results by seeing how much the bend before breaking, and how much force it takes. This however requires specialised equipmen, but there is shops who wil gladly test these for you for a fee. also you can look it up, there have been tests on this very material, and the results should be publically available.
@aggese
Ай бұрын
Thats for iron alloys, not copper alloys, iirc it also dont work with most other alloys ether Copper and copper alloys will just go soft if you heat them regardless of how fast or slow you cool i down. That's why you have to work harden copper and bronze if you want it hard.
@user-qr3nz1wi2j
Ай бұрын
When working copper you get it to red heat & quench in water to soften- the opposite of how iron works.
@iamrocketray
Ай бұрын
@@user-qr3nz1wi2j It's called Annealing
@GT-yw8ue
Ай бұрын
Blown away with how awesome your skills are. I was expecting you to make fairly basic axes for testing or whatever. Wish I had your skill.
@PoppyMaltz
5 күн бұрын
Tension is who you think you should be. Relaxation is who you are.
@georgewhitehead8185
Ай бұрын
I had to smile at your comment that "I am sort of a perfectionist" That is certainly obvious by just watching you work, and also looking at your foundry. I salute you!! Dr. George Whitehead
@neutronalchemist3241
Ай бұрын
In early bronze age you would have more likely found arsenical bronze. It's mechanical charateristics are comparable to tin bronze, but it's not industrially made, and a DIY would be pretty dangerous, for obvious reasons.
@Atanar89
Ай бұрын
I am really happy with this video. The last aluminum bronze video must have had people thinking that bronze age people must have been stupid to make their tools out of bronze.
@sage5296
Ай бұрын
ngl, the cast metal with the 3d printing layer lines actually looks really neat imo
@goshohgosh4568
Ай бұрын
I read a graph somewhere that tin bronze, after work hardening exeeds the hardness of mild steel so honestly it would make for an excellent hatchet edge. If you have any interest in history tou might find a ton of inspiration in how strong bronze appears in historical writing... they made cannons out of the stuff for example.
@jacara1981
Ай бұрын
Yup high grade Tin/Bronze has higher hardness than low grade steel, however it has a lower melting point (and a much lower point that it loses strength and fails)
@goshohgosh4568
Ай бұрын
👍
@nonec384
4 күн бұрын
tool steel still cheaper
@skoolzone
10 күн бұрын
I still have my Norland ax. My mom bought me for backpacking when I was 13. Same design great for packing and wearing on your belt.
@jacara1981
Ай бұрын
Its amazing how much a few % difference can change the final outcome.
@aggese
Ай бұрын
Its even worse than that some alloys are none inuative in hiw they behave and even hard to predict with modern science
@jacara1981
Ай бұрын
@aggese it really is a art. Ratios, temperature, cooling rate, cooling time, reheating and tempering among others can all cause vastly different outcomes.
@loungelizard3922
Ай бұрын
The design looks identical to my Helko Rheinland hatchet. Loved this video, I wish more things were made in bronze, even if it is more expensive, it just looks so cool and premium
@marius35mm
11 күн бұрын
The cold forge looks so good!
@julianmcfarlane8445
20 күн бұрын
I’ve used bronze gardening hand tools for 25 years, love them.
@greything9169
29 күн бұрын
I was messing around with copper and indium a couple months back because I thought I could make bronze out of that. I figured that since indium and aluminum are in the same group I could just make a similar alloy. I'm not a foundryman, I just used a blow torch and fire brick to melt everything which is probably why the aluminum that I used at first just burned away. The indium didn't burn away and it mixed well with the copper. The problem is that a 50/50 indium bronze mix was way too brittle to be practical for anything.
@user-kl5zd2oe3e
Ай бұрын
That's some of the cleanest casting i've ever seen!
@dkeith45
Ай бұрын
FWIW, I own a Phosphor Bronze hatchet cast by a local gunsmith twenty years or so ago. It's amazingly tough.
@Brommear
22 күн бұрын
Wonderful workmanship! Naval guns used to be made of bronze, so I'm not really surprised that it stood up so well.
@letssee8397
Ай бұрын
Hearing that you're in your workshop and not outside makes me think you have an air-conditioned workshop and that makes me really happy Hot, muggy, gross workshops are rough when you have lots of work to do
@OnTheRiver66
Ай бұрын
Great video! I handled a bronze sword blade I believe 3000 years old from the Middle East. It was in amazing condition and the edge was still sharp. I have never underestimated bronze tools and weapons ever since. I was living near UNGH (university of North Carolina) a few years ago and there was a book in their library that showed details of hundreds of bronze weapons.
@harryrabbit2870
Ай бұрын
On another channel (Metatron) a medieval and ancient warfare/history enthusiast was discussing how bronze was a lot tougher than most modern people give it credit for, stating that bronze weapons were still serviceable options for ancient warriors and people thousands of years ago, even with the introduction of iron weapons. They would not have had access to machines and pure ores but you just proved to me at least that our ancestors, using tin bronze, would have had wicked edged tools and weapons of bronze. Really enjoyed this. Thank you.
@AzureSymbiote
27 күн бұрын
I am impressed. Your craftsmanship is high level.
@rushmoreidsystems7323
7 күн бұрын
I would like to suggest that you do this with a replica if Oetzi the Iceman's copper axe. I bet the copper has been analyzed, so if there are any other metals in the copper in significant (intentional) amounts, you should be able to replicate that. A "How well did Oetzi the Iceman's Hatchet Actually Work?" would be a great video!
@chompachangas
14 сағат бұрын
Neat 📸 I'm a sucker for bronze age tools and weapons. Tin bronze can be a lot stronger than you'd expect.
@CrudelyMade
10 күн бұрын
some 3d printing tips... 1- have the shape for the inside of the head where the handle goes pre-shaped so you don't need to file it into shape. 2- print the part standing up, meaning the sharp end in the vertical (z plane) (the hole for the axe handle would also be in the z plane).. this will just about ret rid of the layer lines, especially if you print with 0.1mm layer heights, this'll cut down on a bunch of the grinding as well. 3- while you're in there, make a little shape to put on the axe side, maybe a logo or something else, for fun. with the huge reduction in grinding due to different print orientation, you'll have a nice accent on the head that won't need a bunch of work to make it nicer. 4- last thing, if the layer lines are still too prominent, you can hit the head with some thick primer and that should even everything out. I know you probably still need to smooth it after the cast, but your layer lines were HUGE, so this should save material, time, and work. ;-)
@garethbaus5471
Ай бұрын
The slightly different color where you welded it is probably because different alloying elements vaporize at slightly different rates when molten this slightly influences the color and melting temperature but isn't a big deal under normal use. This phenomenon is used by jewelers when they need to make multiple solder joints on the same piece of jewelry since older solder joints can remain solid when you heat the part to melt the solder for new joints.
@BrianRust89
Ай бұрын
Very cool! I collect antique pattern makers tools and have a lot of woodworking tools that has been cast in brass/bronze by pattern makers. I’d like to see you make a spoke shave or a router plane!! Thanks for the video!!
@TomokosEnterprize
Ай бұрын
Always a good visit when you post young fella. Very nice creations. Thanks and see you next post.
@cottonmouth71
27 күн бұрын
Man ...the hammered edges look AMAZING !
@RG-3PO
Ай бұрын
I had cast a few bronze swords (just for fun) and they do not like chopping. I lack the set-up to cast them very thin, but the thick swords end up bending and twisting while chopping. This makes me want to cast a tin bronze axe now. I even have a spare axe handle... hmm.
@edgeldine3499
Ай бұрын
I remember hearing about how Greek soldiers used to have to pound their swords back into shape during a skirmish, so maybe your not too far off with this..
@zimzob
27 күн бұрын
@@edgeldine3499i think that may be a reference to Gaulish warriors using iron swords, which would have been what we call “wrought iron,” but it’s plausible that similar issues might be had with varying qualities of bronze available before modern scientific metallurgical knowledge. Often bronze swords were not made with full tangs, to save cost, and the blade would be riveted to the handle. These rivets were subject to breakage especially with slashing attacks, so bronze was often limited to short thrusting swords, arrowheads, and spearheads. Many of these short swords would only be sharpened at the point, the sides were left dull. The ancient Greeks also used a bronze sword with an incurving blade, called a _kopis_ , likely derived from the earlier Egyptian scythe-like _kopesh_ .Hammering the edge of the blade causes the metal to expand along the length of the blade as it is made thinner; this pushes against the C-shaped blade, which keeps the metal under compression and increases its hardness without becoming brittle. There was also a double edged pattern described as a “leaf shape”, which had incurving sides, taking advantage of this compression principle to allow sharp edges for slashing. When iron started to replace bronze, they would be made in the same patterns, until smiths learned how to take advantage of the different properties it afforded . This can be observed in the early versions of the Roman _gladius_ with its “narrow-waisted” appearance.
@madisonhasson8981
Ай бұрын
Copper and aluminum both conduct heat extremely well. Copper also changes color on its surface with heat, due to oxidation, depending on how hot it got. When you TIG welded, you made a hot spot. The heat spreads outward, very quickly. Once the copper gets hot enough to oxidize, it will. Just around the TIG weld, the IG controls oxidation, but once the heat gets outside of the inert gas, it oxidizes.
@anobis
Ай бұрын
In our country (Slovakia) we call this traditional kind of bronze hatchet ,,the wallashqua,,.
@kevinwatson5833
Ай бұрын
Just a suggestion use boiled linseed oil instead of glue on the wedge it remains flexible with impact and can be refreshed and tightened by soaking in blo
@georgesheffield1580
Ай бұрын
Raw linseed oil will soak in better ,boiled oil dries better
@NicolaSaroyan
5 күн бұрын
Great talent finds happiness in execution.
@darkanddryhumour1822
25 күн бұрын
The differenc in coloration is due to your heat softening that spot. The metao cooled uniformly when casted. Then you re heated that spot and it annealed it.
@henrikstenlund5385
22 күн бұрын
Good work, man. Having a steeper angle for the edge makes it a bit "duller" in cutting wood but it will hold better.
@mistahanansi2264
10 күн бұрын
It's said that some of the Native Americans actually cold forged copper tomahawks to use as wood working tools. I knew bronze would be tough enough to get the job done, since we know the ancient Egyptians managed with it well enough, but I would've liked to have seen just how well a pure copper axe (tomahawk/trade axe) can handle those same tasks.
@thunderbasilisk1352
Ай бұрын
Some nice hatchets. Was honestly surprised they help up as good as they did.
@Swingylad
18 күн бұрын
You deserve more subs man. Keep up the good work! 👍
@dallassukerkin6878
Ай бұрын
Sir, those are things of beauty! You are a talented fellow and no mistake!
@mdc8723
3 күн бұрын
The difference in color is caused by the heat treatment, since the metal had time to anneal in the casing the tig repear heats up and is cooled differently creating the difference in metal appearance. With this being said if you heat the surface of the axe up to the point where it begins to change color you should be able to buff out the scar once the surface is cooled again.
@christopherleubner6633
Ай бұрын
You can make very strong aluminum bronze by adding about 2% iron to it, also could add 5% titanium or 0.5% beryllium. Any of these alloys is as strong as steel and the Be one can get to Rc of over 60. All will work harden with cold forging over Rc 50.
@CurtHowland
29 күн бұрын
Boiled lindseed oil. Yes, my go-to. I used it on a birch walking staff, and the thing is like iron. And beautiful.
@Gorillatilla
Ай бұрын
The weld wasn't contaminated, the filler wire was when you poured it onto the casting sand
@misterhat5823
Ай бұрын
The sand contains oil, so that makes sense.
@Gorillatilla
Ай бұрын
@@misterhat5823 if you have a tig brush or even brake cleaner you should be able to avoid future contamination
@george2113
9 күн бұрын
Thanks for the sand casting tips
@slowbladepenetrates
2 күн бұрын
If you're looking at cold working for hardening, you might get a bit more mileage out of switching to a peening hammer (sometimes also called a scythe hammer) instead of the ball peen. You won't get quite as much of a decorative finish, but you can potentially draw out the edge to reduce the need to remove stock during sharpening, and also maybe cause a little less concentration of stresses from plastic deformation.
@robertoreguenes
28 күн бұрын
That finished product looks amazing
@Hitman-ds1ei
Ай бұрын
I tested a set of bull gears in a old English truck that were "bronze" bsck around late 80,s and my test involved hitting with ball pein hammer and to my dismay the shape of a tooth was imprinted into my hammer, no mark left on bronze gear whatsoever, doing a little research back before the internet and i found claims that Egyptians had bronze alloys that at that point in time modern processes could not duplicate in strength or hardness and after seeing my own efforts i believed it to be true !
@howitworks3607
Ай бұрын
These are awesome. And they’re probably even better than they seem here because the other end of the wood wasn’t supported, so the movement likely took a lot of energy out of your hits
@DieinnereStimme
4 күн бұрын
Those hatchets are gorgeous 🤩
@jeremiahreilly9739
Ай бұрын
Totally awesome and immense fun to watch. Thank you.
@Skorpychan
Ай бұрын
It's a different colour because of the heating. Like tempering of stee, heating it after casting makes the internal structure different as it cools.
@IcantThinkOfAGoodUsernameaghh
4 күн бұрын
During the late copper age / early bronze age. One of the earliest and easiest forms of refined bronze was an arsenic alloy. Of course this led to quite a number of health issues lol
@benchapple1583
Ай бұрын
The lesson, Bessemer knew what he was doing. Thanks for the converter.
@michaelbarbour1122
Ай бұрын
A lovely job you've done with these. A couple of small points about the hafting of your heads. Hickory is a good choice, however when you choose your wood for the handle, the grain should run in line with the length (about 90 deg from what you have). this will lessen the likelihood of you splitting the length of your handle on impact. Additionally, there is no reason to use the metal wedges, they will add nothing to the holding. Some would argue that by splitting your (wood) wedge, that you have now actually weakened the hold of your wedge. These are just "fine points". I don't want to detract from your very fine work here.
@jakefranklin6413
Күн бұрын
If you’re going to do more handles make sure the grain is in the right orientation. Makes it a lot stronger and less likely to warp
@theunkownape445
7 күн бұрын
"I am sorry Jimmy, but without zinc there cant be no Bronze" "Come back zinc! Come back...."
@beingaware8542
3 күн бұрын
Drop the heads with handles upside down into a pail of water for a day before using. The wood will tighten up and the handle will not work loose. Old farmer trick. Nice video
@mercurywoodrose
25 күн бұрын
As a kid comic book had a villain who was armored in phosphor bronze So that always stuck in my head as the ultimate hard metal
@patrickmazzone9066
Ай бұрын
Excellent workmanship they are perfect good job
@adam346
15 күн бұрын
when testing edge retention you often give it a more acute edge to see when it will actually roll over.. you can take pig-iron, file a very broad edge and it will hold if fairly well. I'd like to see testing done with set edges, test and then grind it to a more acute edge.. start at 30 gradually moving down to 15 or even 10 degrees and see when the edge begins to roll or chip.
@Festivejelly
Ай бұрын
Wow those are gorgeous. Bronze is such a nice looking metal.
@21Airyk
Күн бұрын
a day to make a handle is crazy, just put a fresh belt on the grinding wheel and free hand them. done it less than an hour easy.
@aaronkerns7690
Ай бұрын
The welding "discoloration" you see in the surface is caused by the metal crystals forming differently than the surrounding metal that solidified in the original cast.
Пікірлер: 851