Antonín Dvořák's Gypsy Melodies op. 55, performed by the WDR Symphony Orchestra under the baton of Manfred Honeck. Recorded live in Cologne Philharmonic Hall on April 17, 2021.
WDR Symphony Orchestra
Manfred Honeck, conductor
00:00:00 I. My song of love
00:02:35 II. Hark how my triangle
00:03:44 III. And the forest is silent all around
00:06:39 IV. Songs My Mother Taught Me
00:08:51 V. The strings are tuned
00:09:52 VI. Wide sleeves and wide trousers
00:11:18 VII. Give a hawk a pure gold cage
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○ Introduction to the works
A Bohemian composer for the German-speaking market: that was Antonín Dvořák at the time he set texts by his compatriot Adolf Heyduk as "Gypsy melodies" in 1880. In his late thirties, Dvořák was simultaneously working on his 6th Symphony. Johannes Brahms had just made a strong case for him, and his German publisher recognized his profit-promising potential. Czech-language songs, on the other hand, did not seem lucrative. Therefore Heyduk, who was as well acquainted with German as Dvořák himself, provided translations without further ado. The dedicatee of the songs was a singing celebrity of the time: Gustav Walter, for over 30 years the leading lyric tenor at the Vienna Court Opera. Walter was also a friend of Brahms, singing, among other things, in the premiere of the latter's first "Liebeslieder-Walzer" set. So the Czech composer has great ambitions - and he fulfills them sonorously.
But what image do the lyrics of Heyduk convey? His "gypsy" projection serves the centuries-old cliché of a supposedly romantic, nature-loving and freedom-loving way of life: either fiery in love, freshly amused and with music and dance to boot - or deeply melancholy. In Heyduk's words: "Today joyful, overjoyed still today, tomorrow gloomy in the old way!" Positively, the poet here draws a character in a roller coaster of emotions. On the other hand, and this negative image always resonates with the resentment-laden notion of a "gypsy" of the time, an unsteady journeyman: "In the wide, broad, airy linen dress the gypsy is freer than in gold and silk!"
The music that Dvořák created for it, of course, elevates the lyrics above themselves: striking rhythms, irrepressible joie de vivre - and above all: intimate emotional worlds without any sentimentality. This is particularly evident in the arrangement by Manfred Honeck and Tomáš Ille, which combines the lyricism of strings and harp with the temperament of the drums.
(Text: Otto Hagedorn)
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