The archaeological zone of Cholula is a historical site located in the vicinity of the Great Pyramid of Cholula.
It is located between the municipalities of San Pedro Cholula and San Andrés Cholula, and its name derives from the Nahuatl word Cholollan, which means "water that falls at the place of escape."
It is one of the oldest settlements in Mexico, and presents a continuous occupation since the upper pre-classic period. Despite this, its importance in Mesoamerica varied throughout the two thousand year history of the native civilization of Central America.
Archaeological area
The most important construction of the archaeological zone is the Temple of Tláloc - locally venerated by its calendrical name: Lluvia or Chiconquiáhuitl, a pyramidal basement built in different phases, dedicated to that pre-Hispanic deity and whose cult was one of the most important in the entire area. Mesoamerican.
It is one of the most voluminous pyramids in the world, and for a long time it remained in oblivion, believing that it was a mountain, on which a Catholic temple was built in colonial times.
This temple was abandoned 100 years after the fall of Teotihuacán, at the time of the Toltec hegemony in Mesoamerica.
By 1300 AD C., Cholula was abandoned by the Toltecs and upon the arrival of the Spaniards, in the year 1519, the Cholultecas were privileged tributaries of Tenochtitlan, and enemies of the Tlaxcalans.
Upon the arrival of the Spanish, the Temple of Quetzalcóatl was located on the west side of the Great Pyramid, which was destroyed and the main colonial monuments were built with its stones.
Cholula also has notable examples of mural painting, such as the so-called Mural de los Bebedores.
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