On 17 September 1991, the three Baltic Republics - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania - joined the United Nations. It marked the end of a long battle for statehood. However, their independence didn't mark the creation of three new countries. Instead, it amounted to a process of regained independence. All three had in fact previously been sovereign states.
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There was a time when the conquest of a country would almost certainly mean the end of its existence as a sovereign state. However, modern international law no longer accepts invasion and occupation as a legitimate cause of state extinction or state death. While the territory may no longer be able to exercise effective or independent governance, it nevertheless continues to exist as state - even if nominally. Perhaps the clearest example of this in International Relations was the case of the three Baltic Republics - Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia. Having become independent states after the First World War, they were occupied and annexed by the Soviet Union during the Second World War. However, this was never recognised by the United States and many other countries. But it wasn't until the USSR began to collapse that they were able to reclaim their statehood - a process that would eventually lead not only to their regained statehood, but the independence of 12 other countries.
CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
0:33 Conquest, Occupation and State Extinction
1:33 Baltic Republics: Geography and Demographics
2:40 History of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
4:54 The Soviet Occupation of the Baltic Republics
7:39 The Independence of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
10:39 The Baltic Republics and Regained Independence
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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES
Latvia: A Short History amzn.to/2XAxPzx
Estonia: A Modern History amzn.to/2YYfSeu
The Baltic States amzn.to/2Zc9CAd
Autopsy on an Empire amzn.to/3ED85TY
A History of the Baltic States amzn.to/3tN5FNi
Baltic Way • The Baltic Way Marks I...
Bloodlands: Europe between Hitler and Stalin amzn.to/3lC6ipk
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KEYWORDS
#Latvia #Lithuania #Estonia
#InternationalPolitics #InternationalRelations
#Secession #Statehood #Independence
#InternationalLaw #InternationalHistory
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