Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of West Midlands in England. It is the second-largest city in the United Kingdom with a population of approximately 4.3 million in the wider metropolitan area. It is approximately 100 miles (160 km) from London, Birmingham is considered to be the social, cultural, financial and commercial centre of the Midlands. Distinctively, Birmingham only has small rivers flowing through it like the Severn.
Historically, Birmingham grew during the 18th century during the Midlands Enlightenment and during the Industrial Revolution, which saw advances in science, technology and economic development, producing a series of innovations that laid many of the foundations of modern industrial society.
The city is a major international commercial centre and an important transport, retail, events and conference hub. Its metropolitan economy is the second-largest in the United Kingdom with a GDP of $121.1bn (2014). The city also successfully hosted the 2022 Commonwealth Games. In 2021, Birmingham was the third most visited city in the UK by people from foreign nations.
Figures showed that the five largest foreign-born groups living in Birmingham were born in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Romania and Jamaica. In the 2021 census, Christianity is the largest religion within Birmingham (34% of residents). The proportion of Muslims increased to 29.9%. The number of people with no religious affiliation increased to 24.1%. All other religions remained proportionately similar.
Birmingham Town Hall is a concert hall and venue for popular assemblies opened in 1834 and situated in Victoria Square.
The Bull Ring is a major shopping area in central Birmingham. It is located on the edge of the sandstone city ridge. The current shopping centre was the busiest in the United Kingdom in 2004 with 36.5 million visitors.
Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery. It was officially opened on Saturday 28 November 1885. Collection size is 800,000 objects. Number of visitors in 2019 were 644,100
People from Birmingham are called Brummies (Brummie).
Birmingham City University (abbrev. BCU). Initially established as the Birmingham College of Art with roots dating back to 1843. It was designated as a polytechnic in 1971 and gained university status in 1992.
University College Birmingham is located in central Birmingham and offers both vocational and academic education at both undergraduate and postgraduate level. It was established in 1957.
The Library of Birmingham is a public library in Birmingham, England. It is situated on the west side of the city centre at Centenary Square. It replaced Birmingham Central Library upon opening on 3 September 2013. It is estimated to have cost £188.8 million.
It has been described as the largest public library in the United Kingdom, the largest public cultural space in Europe, and the largest regional library in Europe. 2,414,860 visitors came to the library in 2014 making it the 10th most popular visitor attraction in the UK.
The library has nationally and internationally significant collections. It contains about 800,000 Books.
Well-known football clubs from Birmingham include Wolverhampton, Aston Villa and Birmingham City F.C.
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