Build An Automated Catapult with VEX Robotics - STEM Activity
Sure, here's a detailed guide on how to make an automated catapult:
*Materials Needed:*
1. Wood planks or boards
2. Screws and nails
3. Elastic bands or springs
4. PVC pipes or metal rods
5. Strong rubber bands
6. Electric motor
7. Arduino microcontroller
8. Servo motors
9. Batteries or power source
10. Wires
11. Catapult arm
12. Trigger mechanism
13. Sensors (optional)
*Step-by-Step Guide:*
1. *Design and Planning:* Start by designing your catapult on paper or using a computer-aided design (CAD) software. Determine the size, shape, and dimensions of your catapult, including the base, arm, and throwing mechanism.
2. *Build the Base:* Construct the base of the catapult using wood planks or boards. The base should be sturdy and stable to support the weight of the catapult and withstand the force of launching projectiles.
3. *Assemble the Frame:* Build the frame of the catapult using wood planks or PVC pipes. This frame will hold the throwing arm and provide structure and support to the catapult.
4. *Attach the Arm:* Attach the throwing arm to the frame using hinges or pivot points. The throwing arm should be long enough to generate sufficient force when launched.
5. *Install the Elastic Bands or Springs:* Attach elastic bands or springs to the throwing arm and frame. These bands will store energy when the arm is pulled back and release it when the arm is released, launching the projectile.
6. *Add the Trigger Mechanism:* Install a trigger mechanism to release the throwing arm at the desired angle and velocity. This can be a simple latch mechanism or a more complex system controlled by a servo motor.
7. *Integrate the Electric Motor:* Mount an electric motor to the frame of the catapult. This motor will power the automated mechanism that pulls back the throwing arm and releases it.
8. *Connect the Motor to the Arduino:* Wire the electric motor to an Arduino microcontroller. The Arduino will control the motor's speed and direction, allowing you to automate the launching process.
9. *Attach Servo Motors:* Install servo motors to control the angle and direction of the throwing arm. These servo motors can be programmed to adjust the trajectory of the projectile for more accurate aiming.
10. *Connect Sensors (Optional):* If desired, you can add sensors to the catapult to detect the position of the throwing arm, the angle of launch, or the presence of a target. This information can be used to adjust the catapult's aim and improve accuracy.
11. *Test and Calibrate:* Once the catapult is assembled, test it to ensure that it functions correctly. Adjust the tension of the elastic bands or springs, fine-tune the motor and servo motor settings, and calibrate any sensors for optimal performance.
12. *Launch!* Load a projectile onto the throwing arm, activate the catapult's automated mechanism, and watch as it launches the projectile with precision and power.
With this guide, you should be able to build your own automated catapult capable of launching projectiles with accuracy and efficiency. Have fun experimenting with different designs and configurations to optimize your catapult for maximum performance!
#stem #howto #science
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