The Mongol Empire was the largest contiguous land empire in history, covering over 33 million km² at its peak, with an estimated population of over 100 million people. It originated from the Mongol heartland in the Steppe of central Asia in the 13th century, and by the late 13th century it spanned from the Pacific Ocean in the east to the Danube River and the shores of the Persian Gulf in the west.
The empire emerged from the unification of several nomadic tribes in the Mongol heartland under the leadership of Temüjin, known by the more famous title of Genghis Khan (c. 1162 - 1227), whom a council proclaimed as the ruler of all Mongols in 12063. The empire grew rapidly under his rule and that of his descendants, who sent out invading armies in every direction. The vast transcontinental empire connected the East with the West, and the Pacific to the Mediterranean, in an enforced Pax Mongolica, allowing the exchange of trade, technologies, commodities, and ideologies across Eurasia.
Негізгі бет Civilization EP22:Where did the Mongols come from? (How a steppe tribe became the largest nation )
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