Hannibal Barca was a renowned Carthaginian general and statesman, best known for his role in the Second Punic War against Rome. Born in 247 BC in Carthage, he was the son of Hamilcar Barca, a prominent Carthaginian commander during the First Punic War. Hannibal grew up during a period of intense rivalry between Carthage and Rome, which culminated in his leadership of Carthaginian forces in the Second Punic War from 218 to 201 BC.
Hannibal is most famous for his audacious crossing of the Alps with a diverse army, which included war elephants, to invade Italy. His military campaigns in Italy were marked by several major victories, including the battles of Ticinus, Trebia, Lake Trasimene, and Cannae, where he inflicted significant defeats on Roman forces1. His strategic acumen and innovative tactics made him one of the greatest military commanders in history.
Despite his successes, Hannibal’s long-term strategy ultimately failed. The lack of reinforcements from Carthage and the Roman adaptation of the Fabian strategy, which avoided direct confrontation, weakened his position in Italy. The turning point came when the Roman general Scipio Africanus launched a counter-invasion of North Africa, compelling Hannibal to return to defend Carthage. The war concluded with Hannibal’s defeat at the Battle of Zama in 202 BC, leading to a Roman victory and the end of Carthaginian power in the Mediterranean.
Негізгі бет Civilization EP33: Hannibal, The Conqueror Who made Rome Tremble.
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