MCQs on Climate and Weather of India and Monsoon for JKSSB SUPERVISOR PATWARI FORESTER JKPSC UPSC SSC and NDA and other Competitive Exams
ONE SHOT
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India's climate is diverse and influenced by several factors, making it unique and varied across different regions. Here are some important points about the Indian climate:
1. Monsoon Season: India experiences a significant monsoon season, typically from June to September. The southwest monsoon brings the majority of India's annual rainfall, crucial for agriculture.
2. Diverse Climatic Zones:
Tropical Wet: Found in the Western Ghats and northeastern states, characterized by heavy rainfall and dense forests.
Tropical Dry: Covers parts of central and southern India, with distinct wet and dry seasons.
Subtropical Humid: Found in northern India, including the Indo-Gangetic plains, with hot summers and cool winters.
Arid and Semi-Arid: Includes the Thar Desert in Rajasthan and parts of Gujarat, with extremely hot summers and minimal rainfall.
Mountain: The Himalayan region has a diverse climate ranging from subtropical in the foothills to tundra and alpine conditions at higher altitudes.
3. Temperature Extremes: India's climate features significant temperature variations. The Thar Desert can reach temperatures above 45°C in summer, while the Himalayan region experiences severe cold, with temperatures dropping below freezing in winter.
4. Cyclones: The eastern coast of India is prone to tropical cyclones, especially during the post-monsoon season (October to December). These cyclones can cause severe damage due to high winds and heavy rainfall.
5. El Niño and La Niña Effects: The Indian climate is influenced by the El Niño and La Niña phenomena, affecting the monsoon patterns. El Niño often leads to weaker monsoons and droughts, while La Niña can cause stronger monsoon rains and flooding.
6. Climate Change Impact: India is experiencing the effects of climate change, with increased frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, changes in monsoon patterns, and rising temperatures, posing challenges to agriculture, water resources, and livelihoods.
7. Regional Variations:
Northwest India: Experiences extreme summer heat and cold winters.
Northeast India: Known for heavy rainfall and a humid climate.
Western Ghats: Receives heavy monsoon rains, supporting lush forests.
Deccan Plateau: Experiences a semi-arid climate with moderate rainfall.
Coastal Areas: Have a tropical maritime climate with moderate temperatures and high humidity.
Understanding these climatic characteristics is essential for planning in agriculture, water management, disaster preparedness, and sustainable development in India.
General Knowledge with special reference to Jammu and Kashmir.
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