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Clovis spear points are a distinctive type of Paleo-Indian projectile point associated with the Clovis culture, which dates back to roughly 13,500 to 12,900 years ago. These spear points are some of the earliest evidence of human presence in North America and are closely tied to the first inhabitants of the continent.
Characteristics of Clovis Spear Points:
Shape and Size: Clovis points are typically fluted; that is, they have a groove, or "flute," removed from both sides of the base. This fluting likely helped in the hafting, or attaching, of the point to a spear shaft. The points are lanceolate (leaf-shaped) with a pointed tip and concave base.
Material: These points were often made from high-quality, brittle stone such as chert, jasper, obsidian, and quartzite. This allowed for a sharp, durable edge that could be resharpened.
Great Plains and River Polishing:
Location: Clovis points have been found across the United States, but they are particularly prevalent in the Great Plains and other regions where large game was hunted.
River Polished: Some Clovis points, particularly those found near or in riverbeds, exhibit a polished appearance. This polishing occurs naturally as the water and sediment in the river wear down the stone, smoothing its surface. This effect not only alters the appearance of the point but can also sometimes obscure the finer details of its craftsmanship.
The presence of Clovis points on the Great Plains suggests a widespread culture that adapted to a variety of ecological zones and was capable of hunting large game, such as mammoths and bison. The technology and skills required to make these tools indicate a sophisticated level of knowledge and capability among early North American peoples.
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