This video answers the question: What's the relationship between co-occurring disorders, antisocial personality, and criminal offending. A co-occurring disorder is when there's a presentation that has both, a substance use disorder and a mental disorder. Now, there can be several substance use disorders and several mental disorders, but at least one of each of those categories has to be in the presentation for it to qualify as a co-occurring disorder. We know that co-occurring disorders are fairly common with major mood disorders and we also know that co-occurring disorders are fairly common involving personality disorders, including antisocial personality. Now, criminal offending has been linked to co-occurring disorders. We know that the prevalence of co-occurring disorders in prison populations and forensic populations is somewhere between 70 and 80%. We also know there's an association between co-occurring disorders and violence increased likelihood of being incarcerated and increased criminal recidivism. Now, the association between mental disorders in general and violence is actually fairly low. It's a weak association, we know that for specific mental disorders there is a higher risk of violence but, we also know that when substance use disorder is combined with mental disorders that increases the risk of violence quite a bit. Now why does this occur? Well, there are many theories about substance use disorders and violence. One is that the use of substances including other effects like intoxication and withdrawal may exacerbate mental health symptoms. Also, we know that intoxication is a major risk factor for violence. Another theory is that disinhibition plays a part. With substance use there's oftentimes increased disinhibition so, this would be an increase in impulsive behaviors and we know that this has a link to criminal offending, specifically violent offending. Can we quantify this risk of violence with mental disorders? Actually, the prevalence of violent behavior in individuals without any mental disorder is just over 2%. With substance use disorders alone it's just under 20%, and with co-occurring disorders it's around 22%. So, quite a large difference between the without mental disorder group and the substance use disorder and co-occurring disorder group. Now again, this is really just an association between these categories and violence. It doesn't mean that there's causality. There may be other factors that cause both the offending and the disorders. Now specifically talking about co-occurring disorder that involves antisocial personality disorder, we know that there are particular risks with this combination but, first I'll briefly go over antisocial personality disorder. With antisocial personality disorder we see seven symptoms in the symptom criteria: repeatedly violating society's norms so, engaging a behavior that could be grounds for arrest, deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability and aggression, a disregard for the safety of self and others, being irresponsible, and a lack of remorse. Now, we know that when we look at co-occurring disorders together with antisocial personality this is linked to more offending than just co-occurring disorders alone. Also, we know the combination of co-occurring disorder and antisocial personality is more prevalent than substance use disorder with any other mental disorder, including any other personality disorder.
Ogloff, J. R. P., Talevski, D., Lemphers, A., Wood, M., & Simmons, M. (2015). Co-occurring mental illness, substance use disorders, and antisocial personality disorder among clients of forensic mental health services. Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal, 38(1), 16-23.
Негізгі бет Co-occurring Disorders, Antisocial Personality Disorder, and Criminal Offending
Пікірлер: 24