This ultrasound video shows a Complex ovarian Mass in a patient aged about 84 years.
Unlike simple cysts, complex ovarian cysts are solid or irregular masses. Types of complex masses include endometriomas, dermoids, and cystadenomas. Although there is a complex ovarian cyst cancer risk, these masses won't necessarily lead to cancer either.
Ovarian cysts can also lead to problems with the menstrual cycle, such as heavy or irregular periods, or spotting (abnormal vaginal bleeding between periods). Menstrual cycle problems occur if the cyst produces sex hormones that cause the lining of the womb to grow more.
Transvaginal ultrasound, especially 3D ultrasound, can help physicians differentiate between benign simple cysts and potentially cancerous complex ovarian masses. For example, cysts that contain papillary structures, solid areas, and increased vascularity are more likely to be malignant.
If a complex cyst is found, often tumor markers such as CA-125 and sometimes HE-4 or OVA-1 are drawn to evaluate the chance of finding ovarian cancer. There is a 70-80 percent chance of finding ovarian cancer in a postmenopausal woman with a complex pelvic mass and an elevated CA-125.
Complex ovarian cysts, such as dermoids and cystadenomas, can grow too large. This can push your ovary out of place. It can also cause a painful condition called ovarian torsion, which means your ovary has become twisted. Cysts can also press against your bladder, causing frequent or urgent urination.
Complex cysts are more likely to need treatment than simple cysts. Between 5 to10 percent of women with ovarian cysts will have surgery. Of that number, between 13 to 21 percent are cancerous.
In complex, multiloculated cysts, the risk of malignancy climbs to 36%. If cancer is diagnosed, the regional or distant spread may be present in up to 70% of cases, and only 25% of new cases will be limited to stage I disease.
Further, because the cyst is filling with fluid, the cyst can grow fairly rapidly. Solid (ie non-cystic) ovarian tumors usually enlarge slowly over many months. Cystic tumors may enlarge rather dramatically over weeks or a few months.
Vaginal ultrasound can help to show whether any cysts on your ovaries contain cancer or not. If a cyst has any solid areas it is more likely to be cancer. Sometimes, in women who are past their menopause, the ovaries do not show up on an ultrasound.
Large or persistent ovarian cysts, or cysts that are causing symptoms, usually need to be surgically removed. Surgery is also normally recommended if there are concerns that the cyst could be cancerous or could become cancerous.
Many ovarian cysts do not rupture. Experts don't know why some cysts break open and some do not. A cyst is more likely to rupture during strenuous exercise or sexual activity. If you have a health condition that makes you bleed easily, you will likely need surgery for a ruptured cyst.
Overall, they account for 20 to 25% of all tumors, benign as well as malignant, of the ovary. Approximately 3% are malignant. Malignant germ cell tumors include dysgerminomas, endodermal sinus tumors, embryonal carcinomas, and nongestational choriocarcinomas.
Simple cysts are always benign. Complex cysts have irregular or scalloped borders, thick walls, and some evidence of solid areas and/or debris in the fluid. These solid areas echo back the sound waves from the ultrasound.
Негізгі бет Complex ovarian Mass in a patient aged about 84 years.
Пікірлер: 3