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Crimes against Humanity, International Law, Visualized. Animated explainer by Hesham Elrafei Lex Animata
In 1945, Crimes against Humanity first appeared in the Nuremberg Charter, as an egregious form of war crimes to prosecute mass atrocities committed against Jewish in Germany.
Later on, Crimes against Humanity have become a recognized part of international criminal law, being within the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Tribunals for Yugoslavia and Rwanda.
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, defines a crime against Humanity as an act committed against civilians, as part of a widespread or systematic attack, committed against civilians, by a perpetrator with knowledge of the attack, and planned to be part of it.
The concept of ‘attack’ encompasses systematic offenses, like murder, extermination, torture, Enslavement, Deportation or forcible transfer of population; Imprisonment, or other severe deprivation of physical liberty, like Enforced disappearance of persons and the crime of apartheid;
in addition it also includes widespread violent sexual violence like rape, sexual slavery, enforced prostitution, forced pregnancy, and enforced sterilization,
or any Other inhumane acts intentionally causing great suffering, or serious injury to body, or to mental or physical health.
An attack is ‘widespread’ if it contains a large number of victims, whereas it is ‘systematic’ where the acts in question reflect a pattern.
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