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Deyrulzafaran Monastery is located 4 kilometers east of Mardin, on a charming mountain slope, overlooking the Mardin Plain. The three-storey Monastery reached its present form in the 18th century, with additions made at different times, starting from the 5th century. Despite the additions made at different times, the fact that the Monastery gives the impression that it was built at a single time shows how skillful the architects who built these additional buildings were.
The monastery was built on a complex that was used as the Temple of the Sun before Christ and later as a castle by the Romans. When the Romans withdrew from the region, Saint Şleymun brought the bones of some saints here and turned the castle into a monastery. For this reason, the Monastery was previously known as Mor Şleymun Monastery.
After St. Hananyo, Metropolitan of Mardin and Kefertüth, made a major renovation starting in 793, the Monastery was known as Mor Hananyo Monastery after him. After the 15th century, the Monastery began to be called Deyrulzafaran (Saffron Monastery) because of the zafaran (saffron) plant that grew around the Monastery.
Deyrulzafaran Monastery, which attracts people's attention with its domes, arched columns, wooden handcrafts, and stone embroideries in interior and exterior spaces, was one of the religious education centers of the Assyrian Church throughout its long history. The person who brought the first printing press to the region was Peter IV, who served as patriarch in this Monastery and died in 1895. He bought the printing house during a visit to England in 1874 and had it brought to Bitola in 1876. The printing house was printing books primarily in Syriac, Arabic, Ottoman and Turkish until 1969, and a monthly magazine called Öz Hikmet until 1953. Some of the remaining parts of the printing house are exhibited in Monastir and the other part in Kırklar Church in Mardin.
Today, the monastery is one of the important religious centers of the Assyrian Church. Deyrulzafaran Monastery, the residence of the Metropolitan of Mardin, is visited by Assyrians scattered all over the world to pray and receive blessings. Again, thousands of local and foreign tourists visit the Monastery by traveling short or long distances.
The Sun Temple is located in the eastern corner of Mor Hananyo Church and consists of two parts. The entrance part is made of stones carved in the shape of a barrel vault and its surface is 25 square meters. The second part is 51.5 square meters and has a striking ceiling structure. The flat and large stones that make up the ceiling have a geometric structure and are placed leaning and interlocked against each other without the use of mortar, sand, lime or similar materials.
Mor Hanonya Church is also called the Domed Church because it has a cross-shaped dome. The paintings showing various animal figures in the upper part of the exterior of the church are remarkable. The inner walls of the church were decorated with frescoes depicting stories from the Bible, but none of them have survived except one. The fresco that has survived to this day is on the south side of the Church. The fresco depicts Saint Hananyo, who carried out a major restoration of the Monastery in 793. The length of the fresco is 270 cm and its width is 66 cm.
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