Electric potential electric potential in urdu and hindi sabaq and electrostatic potential physics wallah subject chapter 13 physics 10th
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2. what is potential difference?
3. what is difference between electric potential and potential difference?
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13.6 ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL
The gravitational potential at a point in the gravitational field
is the gravitational potential energy of a unit mass placed at
that point. Similarly, the electric potential at any point in the
electric field is the electric potential energy of a unit positive
charge placed at that point.
Electric Potential : Electric potential at a point in an electric
field is equal to the amount of work done in bringing a unit
positive charge from infinity to that point.
If W is the work done in moving a positive charge q from
infinity to a certain point in the field, the electric potential V
at this point would be given by
.......... (13.6)
It implies that electric potential is measured relative to some
reference point and like potential energy we can measure
only the change in potential between two points.
Electric potential is a scalar quantity. Its SI unit is volt which is
-1 equal to J C .
If one joule of work is done against the electric field in bringing
one coulomb positive charge from infinity to a point in the
electric field then the potential at that point will be one volt.
A body in gravitational field always tends to move from a
point of higher potential energy to a point of lower potential
energy. Similarly, when a charge is released in an electric
field, it moves from a point of higher potential say A to a point
at lower potential say B (Fig.13.12).
Fig 13.12: Potential difference between two points
If the potential of point A is V and that of point B is V , the a b
potential energy of the charge at these points will be qV and a
qV respectively. The change in potential energy of the charge b
when it moves from point A to B will be equal to qV - qV . This a b
energy is utilized in doing some useful work. Thus
Energy supplied by the charge = q (V - V ) .......... (13.7) a b
If ‘q’ is one coulomb, then the potential difference between
two points becomes equal to the energy supplied by the
charge. Thus, we define potential difference between two
points as:
The energy supplied by a unit charge as it moves from one
point to the other in the direction of the field is called
potential difference between two points.
If a positive charge is transferred from a point of lower
potential to a point of higher potential i.e., against the field
direction, energy would have to
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