Systemic position
Habitat of Fasciola hepatica
Morphology of Fasciola hepatica-
Adult worm of Fasciola hepatica
Eggs of Fasciola hepatica
Larva of Fasciola hepatica
Body Wall of Fasciola Hepatica
Fasciola hepatica part -1st
Image Source: CDC.
BSC bio. 1st semester
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Notes-
Habitat of Fasciola hepatica-
It is endoparasite and lives in the liver and bile duct of the definitive host.
Morphology of Fasciola hepatica
Adult worm of Fasciola hepatica-
It is large enough to be visible to the naked eye measuring (3cm length by
1.2cm breadth), flat leaf-shaped flukes, gray or brown in color.
It has a conical projection anteriorly containing an oral sucker and a ventral
sucker at the base of the cone which allows it to attach to the lining of the
biliary ducts.
Its intestine is bifurcated and incomplete and bears lateral branches.
The adult worm lives in the biliary tract of the definitive host for many
years-about 5 years in sheep and 10 years in humans.
Like all other trematodes, it is hermaphrodite with both male and female
reproductive organs.
Eggs of Fasciola hepatica-
The eggs are yellow-brown, large, ovoid, operculated, bile-stained, and
measure 140 μm by 80 μm.
The eggshell is smooth and fined with a double line.
Eggs contain an immature larva, the miracidium.
F. hepatica and Fasciolopsis buski eggs cannot be differentiated.
It unembryonated when freshly passed. @Image Source: CDC.
Larva of Fasciola hepatica
Metacercaria larva is the infective form for man and other definitive hosts.
Other larval forms are miracidia, rediae, and sporocysts.
Body Wall of Fasciola Hepatica:
The body wall of F. hepatica lacks a cellular layer of epidermis, unlike those
of the turbellarians. However, it consists of a thick layer of cuticle followed
by a thin basement membrane and underlying muscle layers surrounding
the mesenchyma.
(i) Cuticle:
A tough resistant cuticle, made of a homogeneous layer of scleroprotein,
covers the fluke and protects it from the juices of the host. It bears small
spines, spinules or scales. The spinules anchor the fluke to the bile duct of
the host, provide protection and facilitate locomotion.
The cuticle of F. indica has broad, stout, and blunt scales. The epidermis
has been lost during development of the cercaria stage. However, the
cuticle is secreted by special mesenchymal Cell situated below muscle
layers. These cuticle secreting cells were believed to be sunken
epidermal cells (Hein, 1904 and Roewer, 1906).
(ii) Basement Membrane:
The lowest layer of the cuticle is a thin, delicate basement membrane. It demarcates the
boundary between cuticle and muscle layers.
(iii) Muscle Layer:
The basement membrane is followed by a sub-cuticular musculature. It consists of an
outer layer of circular muscle fibres, middle layer of longitudinal muscle fibres and an
inner layer of diagonal muscle fibres which are more developed in the anterior half of the
body. All muscles are smooth. The muscles form stout bundles of radial fibres in the
suckers.
(iv) Mesenchyme:
Below the muscles is parenchyma (mesenchyme) having numerous loosely arranged
uninucleate and bi-nucleate cells with syncytial network of fibres having fluid-filled
spaces.
Thanks for watching video
In next part we will discuss about following topic -
Fasciola hepatica part -2nd
Digestive system
Respiration in fasciola
Excretory system -
Flame cell
Nervous system of fasciola
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