Gdansk from a drone | Gdansk from the bird's eye view | Cinematic | Poland
▸ The beginnings of Gdansk date back to the 9th century. At that time, an agricultural, fishing and craft center was developing in the area of today's city. Traces of the existence of settlement in this area date back to the Younger Stone Age (2500-1700 BC), and archaeological finds testify to the existence of the Lusatian culture, the culture of the pre-Slavic population and the Roman period. This is where the so-called "amber trail". Around 975, on the initiative of Mieszko I, on the Motława River, a stronghold with a port was built. The name of the city was recorded in the Roman "The Life of St. Wojciech" as Gyddanyzc.
Gdansk was granted city rights in 1236 by the Pomeranian prince Świętopełek II. Soon, however, the townspeople enjoyed independence. In 1308, the Teutonic Knights deceptively captured the castle and built a new castle here.
The King of Poland, Kazimierz Jagiellończyk, granted privileges in 1457 that constituted the legal basis for Gdańsk's autonomy - incomparable to that of other Polish cities. Privileges make it possible to flourish for the next 300 years.
Gdańsk was integrated, all the city members transformed into one strong center, which even had the right to mint its own coin, control shipping in the port and free transport of goods from Poland and Lithuania. The city grew in strength, which, of course, not everyone liked. Especially the next kings of the Commonwealth, for whom the 16th-century power of the city was a serious problem. The conflict with Zygmunt August, who was trying to subjugate Gdańsk more and create a naval base here, turned in 1577 during the reign of Stefan Batory into an open war with the king and the Commonwealth.
It was then - in the 17th century - that the so-called Gdańsk's golden period. The city had a population of approx. 77 thousand. inhabitants and was one of the largest and richest in Europe. The most magnificent buildings were erected at that time. In 1734, Gdańsk's support in the defense of the rights to the throne of the Polish king Stanisław Leszczyński ended with a siege by the Russian-Saxon army and the city's capitulation.
Difficult times began for Gdańsk and the inhabitants of Gdańsk. As a result of the first partition of Poland in 1772, the city was cut off from the territory of the Kingdom of Poland by Prussia. After the second partition of Poland in 1793, the city came under Prussian rule.
In 1807, as a result of the Napoleonic Wars, Gdańsk becomes a Free City for the first time. There is a gradual improvement in the economic situation, which is helped by ... the war mood.
In 1920, as a result of the provisions of the Versailles Treaty, the Free City of Gdańsk was officially established, which was the fulfillment of the centuries-old aspirations of its inhabitants. Unfortunately, the political conflict in which the city fell with the Polish state led to the exclusion from Polish exports, which was directed by the port of Gdynia built for this purpose.
On September 1, 1939, the Second World War began with the attack of the Germans on Westerplatte and the Polish Post Office. During the war, the city was bombed twice by the Allied air forces. The greatest damage, however, took place in March 1945 during the so-called "liberation" of the city by the Soviet and Polish troops. After the plunder by the "liberation" armies and the autumn storms in 1945, the historic city center practically ceased to exist.
The reconstruction of the city and its historic center was quite smooth, considering that the communist authorities made it a priority to rebuild the capital, first of all. The shipyard was also quickly expanded, which contributed to the rapid growth of the population. In 1960, the city had about 290,000 inhabitants.
Gdańsk once again became the largest port in the Baltic Sea. However, the city was tormented by numerous workers and intelligentsia protests against the communist authorities.
Source: historia.trojmiasto.pl/histor...
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