Goji berries in the food forest | Permaculture in Galicia.
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Traditionally used in China for centuries to promote longevity and improve overall health, Goji Berries have increased their popularity in recent years for their outstanding health benefits. They improve eyesight, protect the kidneys and liver, help regulate sleep and appetite ... Its high antioxidant content slows down the aging process.
If we decide to integrate this shrub native to the Himalayas in our ecological or food forest, its small fruits will contribute to our diet all the properties of one of the foods with the highest density of nutrients.
We can plant it in our garden or pot-garden from seeds, layering, cuttings or stakes. The ideal time for sowing or planting will be at the end of winter.
The shrub of Goji berries thrives very fast. It has great vigor, with a quite surprising vegetative growth.
Our small shrub will develop multiple scions that will gain height in a very short time, being able to reach 4 meters (13 ft.). It is advisable to use tutors to hold the branches during their initial growth.
The Goji bush adapts well to all types of soils, evolving correctly in both alkaline and acidic substrates. The land where we set it up should be loose and airy, with rigorous drainage, since this plant is very affected by excess water, and the flooding causes serious damage to its roots; also, it resists drought very well; for all this, irrigation must be moderate.
It is very advisable a substantial contribution of organic matter to ensure the fertility of the land where we have it located.
We must place it in a sunny place in such a way that it can benefit from exposure of at least 6 hours a day in full sun.
It supports cold and frost extremely well, up to -20 ° C ( -4º F).
In Galicia, we have observed that our Goji plant has a tendency to develop fungi in its leaves with great ease, especially in spring, when humidity and rising temperatures make up the perfect cocktail that promotes the development of these parasitic organisms.
We can treat this problem by applying phytosanitary products based on sulfur, suitable for use in organic farming.
Although we do not treat our plant, it can also mature and bear fruit, although its weakness will greatly reduce production. The deep pruning of its branches at very low height will be an adequate procedure to clean it up.
It will begin its flowering during the summer, with beautiful tiny flowers of whitish or purple/pink color.
Days later, their small berries will form, which will turn reddish as their ripening progresses. They will be harvested between August and October in the northern hemisphere.
At the time of harvesting, we will avoid direct contact with the berries, to favor appropriate conservation.
By shaking the branches of the bush, ripe fruits will fall easily.
We can consume them fresh, or keep them by drying.
Goji berries provide multiple health benefits:
When it comes to macronutrients ...... carbohydrates (68%), proteins (12%), fats (10%) and dietary fiber (10%).
The caloric value of 100 grams of dried berries is approximately 370 calories.
They contain 19 amino acids, including essential amino acids.
Also minerals and trace elements: calcium, potassium, iron, zinc, selenium ...
They provide vitamin B1, B2, B6, C, and E.
They contain carotenoids: beta carotene, lutein, lycopene, and xanthophyll ...
With the incorporation of the Goji Berries to the ecological or food forest, we will bring biodiversity to our layer of shrubs with a plant of great vegetative vigor and rapid development. Consuming its fruits we will increase our energy levels, helping in weight loss processes; we will improve the immune response and we will have a faithful ally to treat high blood pressure, diabetes, lumbago or vertigo, as well as the discomfort of menopause or impotence.
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