I love Hawaiian mythology peles rival is the goddess of snow that's right Hawaii has a goddess of snow
@safaiaryu12
6 ай бұрын
Makes sense, they have snow on the tops of mountains. Though that never occurred to me until I played Pokémon Sun and Moon...
@Rells2coolpeoplehavebadtastes.
6 ай бұрын
I wonder how often they climbed the mountain peaks. Meaby a trip or two once a year, to have a good snowball fight.
@morgasm26
6 ай бұрын
Her name is poli'ahu
@iulaihe51299
6 ай бұрын
@@morgasm26 YES YOUR THE OMLY ONE TO HAVE KMEW HER NAME YOUR AWESOME
@LifeLostSoul
4 ай бұрын
@@Rells2coolpeoplehavebadtastes. So there isn't snow on Mauna Kea year round just occasionally after storms. Some people drive up and fill their pickup trucks with snow to bring down to build a snow man on their lawn or at the beach. There are also people who do back country skiing.
@vivianscircle
6 ай бұрын
Any relationship that doesn't allow you to eat Nutella should end sooner than later. 😂
@R.Merkhet
6 ай бұрын
Ex-partner had a nut-allergy, I guess.
@DrBunnyMedicinal
6 ай бұрын
Came to say the exact same thing. He stopped you from having Nutella? Dude *HAD* to go!
@colinleat8309
6 ай бұрын
I'm a guy, and I don't like nuttela, but I agree with your sentiment 👍🤣. 🤘😎🖖🇨🇦🕊️
@karlmark9967
6 ай бұрын
This, why stop someone from enjoying something. That's just wrong.
@per-c8229
6 ай бұрын
Maybe they were allergyc or smt 🤷if my partner were allergyc I would definetly not eat it or even have it near them, I do love Nutella tho so I'll be very sad for a wile
@lhhOriginalGrey
6 ай бұрын
Didn't know there was a story showing not staying with someone is healthy and thinking of all the people I know who should watch it 😂
@sheren_b
6 ай бұрын
I like the reenactments with Dr. Z, reminds me of having to do skits in school to learn stories/concepts lol. and its nice to hear how a mythical story can be related to in such personal and current way
@merriame9487
6 ай бұрын
They're so cute together!!
@teasorceryr3633
6 ай бұрын
I really love those!
@AndrewMcColl
6 ай бұрын
In school we got to do a 'skit' of sorts while learning about Hannibal crossing the alps. The class was split into three. The smallest kids got on the backs of the biggest, while the remainder pretended to be Roman legionnaires receiving a charge from howdah-bearing elephants (the first two thirds). It was hilariously anarchic, but we all learned a valuable lesson about history. I think.
@Poohze01
6 ай бұрын
Applause to Dr. Moiya for feeling strong and confident enough to talk about the ending of her engagement as a model for understanding the myth! I'm way too messed-up by my former relationships to be so healthily matter-of-fact about it all. ☺ You Go Girl! 👋🥧
@edstella
6 ай бұрын
Official request to have you look into more of Filipino old gods and goddesses! A lot of the creepier offerings get looked at, but no one really talks much about the gods and goddesses, which is a real shame. One of my favorite stories concerning them is definitely Mayari and her brother Apolaki (moon and sun). When their father was dying/relinquishing his dominion to his kids, the two got into a fight to rule. In contrast to a lot of myths, there was no winner or loser or a big bloodthirsty battle. Apolaki hit his sister, injuring her eye. He regretted it and apologized and they decided to share the ruling responsibilities. It's why the moon is less bright than the sun (she's missing an eye).
@WataroNagata
6 ай бұрын
So wild that she went to Brazil and become one of the best soccer player of all times afterwards
@Pentten
6 ай бұрын
After the Nutella line my first thought was "ah, the ex must have been allergic to hazelnuts". Then laughed at my own thought.
@Rozdlc
6 ай бұрын
When my mom's friend was divorced, she had a steak barbecue with her kids. I was confused because I thought she was vegan, only for my mother to point out her ex-husband was vegan.
@falcoskywolf
6 ай бұрын
Great episode! As a demi-ace whose rocky relationship fell apart several years ago, I kind of needed to see this. A wonderful contrast to how badly Greek deity relationships fall apart WITHOUT them having the option of divorce, so they end up in eternal fights like Hera and Zeus. The relationship may be toxic, but like toxic air, if you can't get OUT of it is when it really poisons you.
@donnguyen1107
6 ай бұрын
If Hera catches wind of this in Greece y’all might wanna run😂 Also in Vietnam we have the ancestors Lac Long Quan and Au Co marrying, having 100 kids, but then essentially splitting up but the Achilles heel is more homesickness and background where Lac Long Quan is a dragon who misses his ocean home while Au Co is a fairy who longs for the mountains and highlands so they split up and take 50 of their kids with them who interbreed with the local population and thus the Vietnamese people are born, with groups in the hills/highlands and communities living on the coast, tho Lac Long Quan and Au Co do still love each other and they and their children promise to help and support each other in times of need
@rochelle2758
6 ай бұрын
Kind of like Skadi and Njord in the Norse world!
@WinglessMoonstone
6 ай бұрын
That's such a fascinating concept! I love the idea that everyone is basically one big family that promises to help each other whenever they need it, despite everyone's differences in location (and possibly ways of life, if I'm understanding the metaphor correctly). Such a cool story! :D
@aeolia80
6 ай бұрын
" your mother was a hamster and father smells like elderberries" 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂 omg Monty python, lol
@Vee_of_the_Weald
6 ай бұрын
“I spit in your general direction” 😂
@mlandry052209
6 ай бұрын
Much like The Inquisition, I did not expect the Monty Python reference 😂
@SuperAndybarrett
6 ай бұрын
Bring the comfy chair
@arcturionblade1077
6 ай бұрын
Passionate women lying in volcanoes distributing lava is no basis for a system of government!
@trevinbeattie4888
6 ай бұрын
“If you think you got a nasty taunting this time, you ain’t heard nothing yet!”
@NewMessage
6 ай бұрын
Thornback? At my age, I must be a hedgehog!
@SeantheDracunyan76
5 ай бұрын
That would explain shadow the hedgehog too
@manaash4316
6 ай бұрын
This episode was not only very informative, but super empowering. The personal story was also really charming. Also, the little skits were hillarious and must have been so much fun to film. Thanks for sharing this story, history, and messahe. Love, a fellow Thornback
@SuperAndybarrett
6 ай бұрын
The world needs more young fatherless males in jail.
@safaiaryu12
6 ай бұрын
I never knew "spinster" had an age limit, but I sure as heck thought it was later than that! And I've never heard the term "thornback". Jeez! 3:09 This was great. "Gasp!" 🤣 6:09 Y'all keep nailing this 🤣🤣🤣 To your last point, I totally agree. People were pressured into marrying fast and young. Our younger generations are starting to recognize that it's not strictly necessary, so we're waiting longer to be more sure about that commitment. Actually, I heard recently that in multiple European countries, they DON'T marry young and early as often as Americans do. Some countries don't even feel pressure to get married if they're having kids together - which is wild to me! My sister had a child out of wedlock, and I feel like she faced so much discrimination for that - even though it was the right choice for her and her son. I also hate that American culture, finances, and laws really favor couples. I'm asexual and my god, my life would be so much easier if I could share my life with someone - I'd be more financially stable, my home would be neater, etc etc... I live with four roommates and work my ass off just to make ends meet, and it's exhausting. Then there's the flipside where American disability benefits actively DISCOURAGE people with disabilities from getting married, because the apparent increase in income from getting a spouse might disqualify them from receiving those benefits, even if they're still just as disabled. It's ridiculous. Then there's the stuff that people talk about with marriage equality, like being able to have your partner visit you in the hospital (I have a TON of health issues, so I think about that a lot) and inheritance stuff... there's too much baggage tied up in marriage, I wish our society could be more chill about it. 😣
@kathleenwoods8416
6 ай бұрын
Thanks for sharing, your actually the first I found on the role down who brought up that starting fact. I'm not sure about most of my statuses in part because of those all too common financial issues. If it helps I think the current rules on all of it are nobbish in a way that can only be explained by morons at the wheel.
@elif6908
6 ай бұрын
Kamapua’a is peak ‘daddy issues’ and I love that for him
@artemisvsvenus
6 ай бұрын
"We're a thousand years away from that reference!" "I love that you know." That exchange made me snort laugh
@aboudiallo5448
6 ай бұрын
As a Kanaka Maoli (Native Hawaiian) who is fluent in ʻōlelo Hawaiʻi (Hawaiian) your pronounciation cracks me up (in a good way). I appreciate you sharing our moʻolelo. Also Laka was a great pick. Personally I would take Kū (god of war and distruction) because he is my ʻaumakua (family ancestor).
@youremakingprogress144
6 ай бұрын
I haven't heard this story before, and I love it. This was beautifully written and presented, with plenty of humor and charm.
@domenikkunz9798
6 ай бұрын
I love the personal connection, Imo thats what those myths and religions are supposed to be about. The dead stand by the living in memories and stories, its so powerful.
@bethanyschwartz590
6 ай бұрын
You're covering the relationship between Pele and Kamapua'a but don't mention the incident when Kapo had to use her ... unique ability ... to distract Kamapua'a while Pele fled? Kohelepelepe (Koko Head Crater) is said to be the imprint of Kapo's work.
@DrBunnyMedicinal
6 ай бұрын
Well, that IS a unique ability indeed! 😳😮😵💫
@DavidCruickshank
6 ай бұрын
Detachable flying "lady bits" that is certainly an unique ability 😅😅
@alexisgarcia1344
6 ай бұрын
I love the re-enactments between the hosts. They truly love what they do. ❤❤
@TheBearAspirin
6 ай бұрын
Being from Kona, I chuckled at the use of Pele staying on the "western" side of the island while Kamapua'a being on the "eastern" side. The concept of NSEW directions on an island aren't really used so we'd say Pele is Hilo side, Kamapua'a is Kona side.
@morgasm26
6 ай бұрын
Or windward and leeward
@historybuff7491
6 ай бұрын
I love Pele, and I do love this story of Pele's love with Kamapua'a. I like reading the Hawaiian myths. I guess because they are written forms of the story telling of these islands that make them so fun to read. I can almost hear the Elder telling the story as I read it.
@Imperiused
6 ай бұрын
I love the personal touch on this episode!
@ASerpentPerplexed
6 ай бұрын
I first heard this story on a trip to Hawai'i after seeing art by this Hawaiian artist named Herb Kawainui Kāne. He has these beautiful paintings showing the battle between Pele and Kamapua'a, and it really spoke to me in the same way it spoke to Moiya
@brothertaddeus
6 ай бұрын
Congrats on the Nutella!
@GreayWorks
6 ай бұрын
ever thought of going more into depth of Slavic mythos and Gods? I know you tackled the Leshy but there is so much more to Slavic folklore and how it varies from region to region is really cool.
@georgeuferov1497
6 ай бұрын
The problem is - there are no myths about Slavic gods
@high.thoughts.passing.thro1597
6 ай бұрын
an episode on Lilith would be interesting, the supposed first wife of Adam before Eve
@gabriellearrowood3210
6 ай бұрын
NGL the best parts of these vids are the middle school English skits between our delightfully nerdy hosts. I wanna come to the slumber party!!!
@joeyoung431
6 ай бұрын
Slightly off-topic but the statistic I've heard is that the rise in divorce rates since World War II almost precisely mirrors the fall in self-harm rates among married women in the same timeframe. Make of that what you will.
@SuperAndybarrett
6 ай бұрын
And young fatherless males in the prison system
@teasorceryr3633
6 ай бұрын
Dr. McTier you are incredible and I still haven’t seen you wear a dress that wasn’t super cute!
@GiacomodellaSvezia
6 ай бұрын
About Nutella: they use palm oil, for which tropical forests are cut down. That said, I love the Polynesians' history, especially because it has been passed on down the generations with so much accuracy without using writing/printing/internet.
@stellangios
6 ай бұрын
Maybe her ex was the kind of bore who guilt trips people for eating food 😂
@dragondancer5150
6 ай бұрын
Great as always! 1,000% TRUTH. And...I love you guys popping up in each other's vids. 😄 💜
@AndrewMcColl
6 ай бұрын
The Kahiki/Tahiti similarity is interesting when you learn that in Māori tradition, all humanity originated in a place called... Hawaiki. Part of the tradition is that souls return there after death. And how do they get there? They leave Aotearoa and travel north from the northernmost point (Cape Reinga).
@Pou1gie1
5 ай бұрын
FUN FACT: The term "spinster" was created because in what is now England there was a need for weavers and *spinners* and women tended to fill that role. The demand rose and they were paid so well that these women either married later or didn't marry at all, as a large reason for women marrying is for financial stability. As a result, societal pressures led to the derogatory term "spinster" as a way to demean these women and cajole them into marriage by increasing that social pressure due to them being labeled in a negative light. To this day women are disparaged for being independent and not getting married or marrying later in life.
@rueburch2856
6 ай бұрын
An added bit of related folklore that shows how Pele and Kamapuaʻa still don't get along: It wasn't just the Big Island that was split, but the windward and leeward sides of the other islands as well (at least to my knowledge). And on Oʻahu, if you try to cross from the leeward to windward side on the Old Pali road, you shouldn't have any pork - if you do, Pele will wreak havoc on your car. You could lose your engine or your breaks, which would suck on that steep slope going down towards Kailua and Kāneʻohe.
@sportzone24112
6 ай бұрын
I really enjoyed this video! Thanks for making it!
@markedis5902
6 ай бұрын
Never heard the phrase thornback but I like it
@bjdefilippo447
6 ай бұрын
I wonder what relationship durations would be if we had more handfasting, and you could just choose to re-up or not? Less stability, but you both have incentives to keep a mutually enjoyable and beneficial relationship.
@LindaC616
6 ай бұрын
I think it might lead to manipulation
@skyllalafey
6 ай бұрын
Happily partnered for about 25 years without getting wed, chiming in here to agree. In the first decade we were together, older people would always badger us about it no matter what either of us said... until I started saying "Since we're not married it's like very year is an election year, so you gotta keep working to get the vote" and only then would they typically drop the matter. It's almost like when you make a conscious choice to keep being together, and not out of any sense of societal obligation, you don't turn into those bitter old couples making terrible husband/wife jokes 😄
@Googledeservestodie
6 ай бұрын
Men will literally have an insult contest with the goddess of lava itself before they go to therapy
@mathieuleader8601
6 ай бұрын
this fable always makes me think of the song Go Your Own Way by Fleetwood Mac
@StoffelDilligas
6 ай бұрын
I was around 12 years old, and loved the John Wayne film The Quiet Man There's a bit were the matchmaker/chaperone calls Maureen O'Hara a spinster. And the reaction of the character caused confusion to me. I was on holiday in Ireland visiting my grandparents. And one of my aunts was giving me grief, so I said something about her being an "old spinster". She flipped her lid, it got the reaction I wanted, and I made myself scarce. I saw my dad a wee bit later. "Dad, what's a spinster?" "who did you call that?" "Bernie" "Full belly laugh for a minute or so....." Followed by "Well done "
@Mackyle-Wotring
6 ай бұрын
Thank you for making this video. The topic of the video reminds me of a quote from the KZitem channel Extra Mythology that best describes this story, "Myths are not stories that are untrue. Rather they are tales that don't fit neatly into the historical record which serve as a foundation to a culture."
@jonathangauthier3549
5 ай бұрын
❤ I'm right there with you. I recently got out of a toxic 4.5 year relationship, and like Pele, I can finally concentrate on my own personal development. And like you, can finally eat pork (rather than Nutella) again! Sometimes things simply don't work out, and that's just fine😊
@harmo2502
6 ай бұрын
Dr Moiya is relatable in so many ways
@rami_ungar_writer
6 ай бұрын
Loved the Monty Python reference (second time that movie has come up today for me). Also, Dr. McT is two years younger than me, and I thought we were the same age. Color me surprised.
@charleshalvorson806
6 ай бұрын
Thank you for making this video, it really made me feel better about myself:)
@merlapittman5034
6 ай бұрын
I LOVE the Monty Python reference! This is a great video, and connecting it to your own life like you did adds greatly to it
@VTimmoni
6 ай бұрын
So Kamapu'a was the original punk and his relationship with Pele was the original Enemies to Lovers...
@Edmonddantes123
6 ай бұрын
What an amazing series! Thank you ❤
@chrisdunker54
6 ай бұрын
Marriage is too stringent an institution for it to have any place in proper society. It has been so romanticized, no pun intended, that it simply cannot measure up to reality. Primarily, in our day and age, it is just another celebration upon which companies can capitalize and sell us things that will serve no function in our everyday activities. The major aspect of marriage is simply to enhance the house both through material goods and offspring. It is not the end all be all that many have made it out to be. It should be about choice, as should all of our celebrations. Do what you want to do not what others tell you to do. After all, marriage started as a civil ceremony in which the community gave its blessing that a couple might start a family. There's no reason it should be anything more.
@LifeLostSoul
4 ай бұрын
You forgot a really fun part about one of the ways this story plays out in modern day, kinda. You aren't supposed to bring pork from the windward side of the island to the leeward side or your car might break down on the way until you get rid of the pork
@ryancarter1080
6 ай бұрын
Tell me do you think you can do a video on, The Slide Rock Bolter, a cryptid that is said to live in the Rockies, a giant land whale that devours anything that crosses its path.
@namedrop721
6 ай бұрын
Sounds like a landslide but ok
@poorlyeditedvideos448
6 ай бұрын
Kamapua’a is quite similar to the Samoan words Tama and Pua’a. So I can assume it means pig boy or pig man.
@Kankan_Mahadi
6 ай бұрын
Hearing legends & myths being retold by you folks have always made me happier. Waitaminute... *Shania Twain is part of this legend??*
@brandon074
6 ай бұрын
I got a question about myths. Are there any myths about the origins of snow?
@Reihanism73
6 ай бұрын
Thank you! This was incredible 🙏🏼
@keata1315
6 ай бұрын
So my husband and I named our daughter Skađi because we wanted her to be strong and know when to walk away. (You should definitely do an episode about her namesake😉)
@herebecause
6 ай бұрын
Love this so much!
@Smkpt42
6 ай бұрын
The way you said "...fight scene, CanOoES.." has me hyped.. I f****n love canoes.
@troyburnex
6 ай бұрын
When you realize that Pele is one of the most PHYSICAL gods, meaning she is physically stronger and more powerful. I'm working on a game for her, kinda like the God of War games
@purplexninjamom
6 ай бұрын
I love the video. The skits. The "MURDER" moment. The Shania Twain reference. The Monty Python.
@Domdrok
6 ай бұрын
Thank you for sharing your personal story, Dr. McT!
@jforce91
6 ай бұрын
This story like a lot of Purakau, as they're called in Aotearoa, may have roots in actual events; Pele being pursued by her sister across the pacific may have been Hawaiian's explanation for rogue tsunami that strike the island with regularity, despite no quakes or eruptions beforehand, and we know that water does invade Halema'uma'u crater after massive, explosive events as we saw in 2018 :) It is also worth noting that in Aotearoa, one myth recounts an explorer called Ngatoroirangi, who was also born in Tahiti or Rarotonga, calling to his twin fire sisters, te pupu and te hoata, who were similiarly attributed as leaving fiery trails behind them, as they swam from the islands to Aotearoa. Generally, to polynesians, fire is a "feminine" element, since the primary deities who preside over fire, were female.
@St_M_
5 ай бұрын
I've always been incredulous regarding that weird American fetish with marrying as early as possible - like right after graduating from college when you barely have any idea of who you even are as a person. Good to hear that this seems to ever so slowly give way to common sense, crossing my fingers there for you. Also I love seeing Dres. McT and Z interact like this, please do more of these adorable off the cuff sketches :D
@mw3809
6 ай бұрын
I love the way this was presented!!
@richewilson6394
6 ай бұрын
I love a good Monty Python reference!!!
@ElicBehexan
6 ай бұрын
I wrote a short story about my original characters. It is written in a letter format from one of my regular characters to the character a friend created, but never wrote about. It is called "Love Letters" and it does end in a wedding. The wedding is the most romantic thing about the story. I did get married, but it was more of a protection of my wife than 'love.' I loved her like a sister, but not really the same way I love my biological sister. Because I'm 7 years older than she was, neither of us thought she per-decease me. However, despite not having great health, in many ways I was healthier than she was.
@alekadelacruz8592
6 ай бұрын
I too identify as a Thornback, I'm a 33 year old woman who is still not married 😁😃
@Reubentheimitator6572
4 ай бұрын
0:00 - 0:06, O Dr. McT, you're only 28 and you have your PhD already?! Good for you! I'm 28 and I still haven't graduated.
@arnbrandy
6 ай бұрын
"Their relationship was toxic, but not in the comforting way of their volcano fumes were." This line killed ms 😂
@andersonic
6 ай бұрын
I love what you have to say about marriage and now have Hawaiian facts to back it up!
@PokhrajRoy.
6 ай бұрын
In Savarna Hindu Mythology, there were forest weddings that weren’t legally bound as well. In a Gandharva marriage, trees could be witness. It’s a point of conflict in the story of Shakuntala.
@VVilde36
6 ай бұрын
I loved the enactments!!
@estrellas2000
4 ай бұрын
I recently had a conversation with a local Kumu (master) in the Big Island of Hawai'i and he told me a very different version that you are sharing here 🤔
@aimeecentaine
3 ай бұрын
Fellow thornbacks unite ❤
@hellomoron
6 ай бұрын
Canoes and murder. Best advertisement for a story ever.
@senorPachuChay
6 ай бұрын
Pele is my favorite Shin Megami Tensei demon. She just looks like she's having a blast.
@lifewithlee6298
5 ай бұрын
Well, good on you for getting your doctorate ! ❤
@Pottery4Life
6 ай бұрын
Thank you.
@dunkel429
6 ай бұрын
What great way to use mythology to deliver a poignant, modern message
@thexalon
6 ай бұрын
Pele imitating Shaggy is just priceless.
@Wolfy39565
6 ай бұрын
im sorry for your loss but happy you found happiness 😊
@creatureris
6 ай бұрын
I love this series so much!
@falcolf
6 ай бұрын
Such a wonderful story.❤ I guess I'm a thornback, although I tend to call myself permasingle!!!!
@sundalongpatpat
6 ай бұрын
Wait so Pele hops from island to island because as tectonic plates move the hotspot underneath creates another volcano which then becomes an island
@blaze0rama
6 ай бұрын
You rock! It is a great lesson to learn. Better to be friends.
@Watch-0w1
6 ай бұрын
Better story than twilight ...do anyone remember twilight?..
@PokhrajRoy.
6 ай бұрын
3:11 YES TO DRAMATIC RETELLING. It’s the Real Homewreckers of Hawaii.
@baronghede2365
6 ай бұрын
You don't have to be married on in a relationship your still a smart person, Blessed Be.
@LindaC616
6 ай бұрын
Even smart people like company. And as you get older, it's hard to be the single person in your friend group, when everyone is married off. Couples like hanging with other couples, eventually, you're left out
@SuperAndybarrett
6 ай бұрын
@LindaC616 not to mention children with a mother and father in the home have statistically a better chance at a future 😮
@badmonkeyking
6 ай бұрын
thank you for this excellent share, I don't know if this is because Im AUDHD or not but I have never stop loving anyone I have ever Loved, yes their is hurt sometime but they help me grow, to learn what I want and don't want and loved enough to let go of that patnership with some, turn it to friendships with other. and twice bad break ups but I had no idea they were vindictive till the break up happened. but I even love those to still . I love them by staying away and by taking what I learn keeping the curiousty of the path.
@Levi-vh7mb
6 ай бұрын
Dude Laka is my choice too! I went to Hawaii last year and wanted to get a Laka tattoo so badly.
@TheRhuen
4 ай бұрын
Given the story in Moana with Maui and the heart possibly representing immortality i thought Tafiti was a loose representation of Hine-Nui-te-po. The goddess of death along with a few others mixed together.
@zam6877
6 ай бұрын
I really loved one There's so much to learn from societies that have different sensibilities To the world through new eyes
@thepineyapple
6 ай бұрын
My home! The big island. I miss it so much. And I miss the lore.
@markanthonypenaflor7481
6 ай бұрын
in our country people getting married are getting younger and younger.... they are like hamsters, producing and producing.
@chelseawhite7117
6 ай бұрын
I love these vids but the cutaways to the deliberately chintzy re-enactments are cringy. They feel like they’re trying to mimic someone like Dom Noble, but feel more forced somehow
@bjdefilippo447
6 ай бұрын
Fascinating story! I'm wondering if there's a reset on single women's "status names" after a divorce or widowhood, or if the fact that you married once cures you of the social stigma. Also, sorry about the breakup, but ending an engagement is way better than having to end a bad marriage. Hope you find a partner worthy of you, if that's your desire.
@LindaC616
6 ай бұрын
Not in the DR. I've known women who were divorced, had two kids, worked with the family busines....they were still pressured to remarry
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