Hi. Look who we have here - Hetman Mazepa. A hero of Ukraine, a major philanthropist and fighter for the freedom of his people. Another important symbol of the Ukrainian state. His portrait is on the money for a reason.
But the symbol is not the reality. Living people are never like bronze heroes with an iron will and strong principles. Otherwise they would not be alive. And the real Hetman Mazepa was also an extremely specific character. For example, he could be called a professional traitor - he betrayed practically everyone whom he obeyed and who helped him to build his career. Do you think it is too loud? Well here is an interesting fact: Mazepa was only the second person in the Russian Empire, who was awarded the highest state award - the Order of St. Andrew. And he also became the first and only recipient of the Order of Judas.
In Russia, almost nothing is known about Mazepa. Only that he was some major Ukrainian Cossack, who betrayed Peter the Great. And Pushkin wrote something bad about him. But in Ukraine, too, there is no unequivocal opinion about the hetman - they smear him with either black or white paint. Some say he only wanted the best for his people. Others say that because of him, the Swedes and Russians burned half of Ukraine during the Great Northern War.
Another controversial hero of Ukrainian history - hetman Skoropadsky expressed it very aptly 100 years ago: "In Kiev, in Sofia Cathedral Mazepa is betrayed in anathema, and in St. Michael's Monastery they pray for him".
In short, he was a peculiar man. He lived long and successfully fought for power, and when he reached everything he could, he made a fatal mistake. Or not a mistake, it depends on how you look at it. Well, unlike Bandera, who got his specific popularity thanks to propaganda from both sides, Mazepa earned his reputation on his own.
In general, today let's follow the life path of Ivan Mazepa, and each of you will try to decide for yourself whether he is a hero or a traitor.
The clips we talked about at the beginning of the video:
Batko our Bandera - History of Ukrainian Nationalism ( • Батько наш Бандера - И... )
ZRADA or PEREMOGA? How the Cossacks Fought for Independence ( • ЗРАДА или ПЕРЕМОГА? Ка... )
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On the video worked:
Host: Ruslan Zaika
Text: Semyon Aksenov
Editor: Vladimir Bliznetsov
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00:00 - Who is Ivan Mazepa?
2:21 - History does not depend on modernity
7:09 - Ukrainian Game of Thrones. Prehistory
20:10 - Mazepa's Youth. At the court of the Polish king
28:25 - Mazepa in Right-bank Ukraine
37:45 - Mazepa in left-bank Ukraine. Travelling to the Crimea
55:00 - Conspiracy and gaining power
1:09:50 - Mazepa supported Peter I in his struggle for power
1:16:10 - Mazepa - a hero of the Moscow kingdom
1:19:29 - Centralization of power in the hetmanship
1:24:00 - The Beginning of the War with the Swedes
1:30:00 - Love and the Last Attempt to Unite Ukraine
1:35:00 - The Swedes are advancing. Why did Mazepa betray Peter? Baturin Massacre
1:44:10 - Why didn't Mazepa succeed?
Sources:
Tairova-Yakovleva, Tatiana Gennadyevna. Mazepa
Tairova-Yakovleva, Tatiana Gennadyevna. The Russia of the Gietmanshchyna: from the Pereyaslavskaia rada-2 to the Andrusivskaia agreement
Tairova-Yakovleva, Tatyana Gennadyevna. Mazepa the Hetman: In Search of Historical Objectivity
Kostomarov Nikolai Ivanovich. Mazepa
Oglobin, Olexander. Hetman Ivan Mazepa and his good
Pavlenko, Sergey Olegovich. Ivan Mazepa.
Pavlenko, Sergey Olegovich. The Rise of the Mazepes. Myths and realities. Historical and documentary sketches
Pavlenko, Sergey Olegovich. Kohanny of the hetman Mazepi.
Pavlenko, Sergei Olegovich.
В. V. Petrovsky, L. A. Radchenko, V. I. Semenenko. History of Ukraine. Unbiased View. The Road to Poltava Defeat.
Kovalevskaya, Olga. Ivan Mazepa in Questions and Answers.
Litopis Samovidtsya.-K.: Naukov Dumka
Hughes, Lindsay. Princess Sophia.
Crman, Daniel. Itinerary
Gramon, Antoine. From the History of Jan Casimir's Moscow Campaign
Негізгі бет He Fought for Ukraine and lost. Ivan Mazepa [ENG SUB]
Пікірлер: 1,2 М.