Heat Transfer | Parallel Flow Heat Exchanger Effectiveness Expression Derivation By NTU Method
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In a parallel flow heat exchanger, the two fluid streams flow in the same direction, parallel to each other. The effectiveness of such a heat exchanger is a measure of how efficiently it transfers heat between the two fluid streams. The effectiveness, denoted by ε, is defined as the ratio of the actual heat transfer rate to the maximum possible heat transfer rate between the two fluids. Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
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ε=
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Where:
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ε is the effectiveness of the heat exchanger.
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q
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is the actual heat transfer rate achieved in the heat exchanger.
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q
max
is the maximum possible heat transfer rate between the two fluids if they were to reach thermal equilibrium.
The maximum possible heat transfer rate,
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, depends on factors such as the inlet temperatures of the two fluid streams, their flow rates, and the specific heat capacities of the fluids.
The effectiveness of a parallel flow heat exchanger can be influenced by several factors, including:
Flow arrangement: The effectiveness can vary depending on whether the fluid with the higher temperature enters first or second.
Fluid properties: The specific heat capacities and flow rates of the fluids affect the heat transfer rate and, consequently, the effectiveness of the heat exchanger.
Heat exchanger design: Factors such as the length of the heat exchanger, the surface area available for heat transfer, and the overall heat transfer coefficient influence the effectiveness.
Analytical expressions and correlations are available to calculate the effectiveness of parallel flow heat exchangers under different operating conditions. These calculations are often used in the design and optimization of heat exchanger systems for various industrial applications.
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