Senior Chief? First time I heard you say that. Thank you for your service fellow sailor! There are lots of folks doing refining videos. Yours are the absolute best.
@shaneyork300
4 жыл бұрын
Traditional Sreetips!! After 10 years you are still finding new videos to put out!! Great Video Sreetips!! Have a GREAT Day My Friend!!!
@adrianrubio5396
4 жыл бұрын
This may be simple but it's a high pucker-factor method. I have to agree with you on just putting up with the nitric acid. I once worked at a refinery in SE New Mexico where we had a 3kgal tank of concentrated sulfuric acid that ruptured into it's catch tank (thank God). it dissolved everything that was in it except for the PVC pipes and the HDPE liners on all the pumps. We prayed hard that it didn't rain until we got it all cleared out. luckily we were in the middle of the desert. :D
@donaldparlettjr3295
4 жыл бұрын
Darn he's McGyvering pure silver after a visit to the hardware store, that's nuts. My wife's grandfather was a senior chief. He served 31+ years and 3 wars. So do enjoy your videos.👍
@toyfreaks
4 жыл бұрын
Best use ever for a vintage Pyrex Flameware coffe pot!
@rickschramski548
Жыл бұрын
This is why you are my hero! Thank you for all of your insight and videos!
@michaeldenison7339
4 жыл бұрын
Heating it up to redness would also help you both bend the uncut/unrolled fork, as well as roll the cut up fork through the process of annealing.
@torchandhammer
4 жыл бұрын
Yes, sterling silver work hardens very quickly.
@ItsKnotBread
Жыл бұрын
Gonna try this out, can't buy nitric acid in Canada as a laymen tradesman such as myself, so before moving in that direction, this looks great for a nice tradeschool try! You are excellent at the videos, Sreetips, & I truly wish you all the best in your endeavors!
@sreetips
Жыл бұрын
Thank you!
@ItsKnotBread
Жыл бұрын
@sreetips well, no such luck so far, tried twice and had a colloidal mess each time after adding the hydrochloric acid, first time it was jet black, this time is brown, everything looked like yours until I added the water after the HCL, but it stayed brown and very saturated, no idea why, c'est la vie, I need to move I guess hahaha
@BushDogScrapper
Жыл бұрын
Yea living in Canada and wanting to get into refining isn’t a easy task 😅 Alberta Here
@ItsKnotBread
Жыл бұрын
@BushDogScrapper Sure is fun to try though! If you have the patience and can pivot alot hahaha
@BushDogScrapper
Жыл бұрын
@@ItsKnotBread absolutely
@humpbackhowler3466
9 ай бұрын
Hey Senior, Topper retired AGCS, started off as a STG on small boy in the mid 70’s. I enjoy what you are doing.
@sreetips
9 ай бұрын
Thank you for your service.
@macguru9999
4 ай бұрын
Great video , I rewatched because my wife is doing a silver jewellery course and i'm getting her some pure silver bar from scraps and old coins to work with... They have a press to flatten it. I was able to get 4L of nitric acid delivered to my home which surprised me considering it used to be restricted. So I used that. But I agree there is nothing more dangerous to organics than conc. sulphuric and you can buy that at the hardware !!
@rh5971
4 жыл бұрын
Another great video thank you! The folks are right about work hardening. Heat that stuff up and it cuts and rolls better. Also does your roller mill not go both directions? I’ve used them in the past that you could roll One Direction until it almost came out and then reverse it and roll it the other. Shire saves time and effort! I love your channel!
@oneoflokis
3 жыл бұрын
Those rolled fork tines look quite cool, like a spooky Halloween decoration 😁! Or an art jewellery project. 👍
@Sqtgdog
4 жыл бұрын
Thank you for making videos, I am finding all of this super interesting. One thing tho, Please don't pull back your glove to look at your watch with the other gloved hand. If you had acid on that glove for any reason, you would be transferring it to the inside of your other glove and almost definitely causing acid to contact your skin. A small risk, but when you are basically making how-to videos, these practices have to be above board.
@escrapchannel
4 жыл бұрын
That’s the video I am waiting for! Thank you!
@eternalfire9009
4 жыл бұрын
Silver and copper work harden. Periodically heating to a red heat then quenching in cool water will significantly reduce the amount of time at the rollers and allow you to close the roller gap quite a bit more between passes. A simple pad of pumice and a MAPP torch is all you need for an annealing station.
@chanceisom
4 ай бұрын
I like the fact you bring math and theory together while experimenting
@ronald1751
4 жыл бұрын
Anneal! Anneal! Anneal! I love your work!!
@silverechohawk5315
4 жыл бұрын
Thank you for all your videos and sharing your knowledge.
@jakuborvos1575
2 жыл бұрын
@sreetips brown color: when you are putting HCl into the solution of silver sulfate in H2SO4, copper(II)chloride also form. And because it is nearly anhydrous solution, it has brown colour (anhydrous CuCl2 is brownish). When you add water to it, copper chloride rehydrate and everything have the colour as we are used to :)
@royalrefining6182
4 жыл бұрын
Philosophising, theorising and fantasising hahahahaha
@whitebeard420
3 жыл бұрын
😮😮 your a senior chief! That's wild, I watch all your videos and I've seen your ships ball cap a few times but I would have never guessed you were a senior chief. That is crazy, I think your the only E7 and above that dosent just say "I'm a chief/senior chief/master chief" as a greeting to people every single day and also every time they interact with anybody else when starting a conversation. I've been in for 9 years so far myself, but trying to make it to 20.
@sreetips
3 жыл бұрын
MMCS (SW)
@nordicstacker5706
4 жыл бұрын
Assam your videos have learned So Much from you
@BeefZupreme
4 жыл бұрын
Nice profile picture lol
@Usnveteranstacker
Жыл бұрын
I was gonna ask if you were in the navy… and sounds like you were a senior chief hahaha. I did 14 years myself. Thanks for your service shippy!
@sreetips
Жыл бұрын
MMCS(SW)
@Usnveteranstacker
Жыл бұрын
@@sreetips Nice! AD1(AW) Love your videos brother!!
@sreetips
Жыл бұрын
Thank you for your service!
@maxyoung8306
3 жыл бұрын
That flat fork is the most cursed object I have ever seen
@1Raphael
2 жыл бұрын
👍👍I super enjoy watching your shows
@justindixon4564
4 жыл бұрын
Love it. Yes if you anneal it you can get it paper thin.
@tonitouchberry894
4 жыл бұрын
Might I suggest that you when you're rolling the metal it "work hardens" from the thinning process! It needs to be annealed and then continue the process! Also, when your filming, only have one project going at a time! Your gold project had your exhaust fan roar through your voice the whole time. OMG! You broke a cardinal rule! Even you said! Don't ever mix water into acid! You should have poured your acid solution into a beaker with water not the other way around! BTW - thanks! I really enjoyed watching this!
@helpermonkey2328
4 жыл бұрын
Love the rolling machine! Worm gear and electric motor could speed things up. I just may have to get one for my shop.
@Aaron-qy3tu
4 жыл бұрын
Hello Sir, Thank you for the wonderful video. This method is faster for us beginners with the maximum of precautions we can do. Thank you.
@fredrichardson9761
4 жыл бұрын
Sreetips - stop being so critical of the guy making these videos, he's working hard! Oh wait, that you!! :) Also, I think those last few steps are almost exactly the way I make my morning latte - at least the solutions look the same. Seriously though, really nice video - great work! I can definitely see why you prefer working with nitric acid!
@tylervercetti4187
Жыл бұрын
That brown color forming when adding hydrochloric acid to drop silver chloride could actually be anhydrous cupric chloride, since it was in an environment with concentrated sulfuric acid it can't be in its dihydrate form. When adding water to the solution, the brown anhydrous CuCl2 dissolved back into a blue solution.
@rickycollard9715
Жыл бұрын
Sure glad you're driving this bus and not me
@rallyrobb943
4 жыл бұрын
Watching 3+ weeks after this was uploaded, and silver has seemingly started to make that climb! There's quite a significant ways to go of course to reach the 20-1 ratio stated... but at $28 oz at the end of August, Up from ~$16 beginning of July? That's a nice start!
@sreetips
4 жыл бұрын
I used to say $5000 gold and $100 silver. But now it’s looking more like $15000 gold and $250 silver. Just my opinion
@rallyrobb943
4 жыл бұрын
@@sreetips I've casually stacked silver, and to a lesser extent gold, as finances have allowed. I'd be happy with my returns on less than half of those numbers!
@DavidRutledge1
3 жыл бұрын
Ahh senior chief. I’ve been binging your channel for the last few weeks wondering what branch you are from. Thank you for your service. This channel is so interesting. I’m always learning something new.
@sreetips
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you
@saltyguerrilla
Жыл бұрын
This is fascinating!!
@spiderdude2099
4 жыл бұрын
The darker color of the silver chloride may be due to the dark green color of copper in solution when you add HCl. Copper solutions are normally blue, but when a high amount of chloride is present it turns bright green. Could have something to do with that. Could also maybe have something to do with some of the sulfuric acid decomposing into some kind of source of SO3? That would form a dark red precipitate known as chevreuls salt. I can’t be sure that happens in the solution but either way it’s obviously just something to do with the copper forming some kind of complex in solution that’s staining the silver chloride. It’s broken up once water is added
@jamesquintana3807
4 жыл бұрын
Wow thank you once again Can't wait to get started 😊
@wicka3851
3 жыл бұрын
You know that scene in who framed roger rabbit where the judge gets up from the roller lol the forks made me think that
@lukewagner6827
4 жыл бұрын
New chemist here. I don't have a ton of experience, but I believe the brown solid you saw when you added the hydrochloric acid was some kind of copper(I) salt. Copper has two forms in solution: copper(I) and copper(II). Copper(II) is what you're familiar with. Copper(I) can show up in very acidic environments, so that's why it went away when you added water! If you repeat this, I would also not recommend adding HCl to sulfuric acid! HCl is mostly water, so it carries the same splattering risk as adding water to the sulfuric acid. It would be safer to add the sulfuric acid/silver sulfate/copper sulfate mixture to water, slowly, and then add the HCl (a saturated NaCl solution would probably work too).
@sreetips
4 жыл бұрын
Understand, thank you
@philcole7788
Жыл бұрын
You need to anneal the metal after 3 or 4 rolls to soften the metal. All that rolling is hardening the metal making it harder to make thinner.
@keithstreeter9054
Жыл бұрын
Excellent video!
@TomokosEnterprize
4 жыл бұрын
You are such a wealth of information old friend.
@altafrahman2254
4 жыл бұрын
For GSR to adjust to 1;20, it is not necessary for Silver to go up. It is sufficient for gold to drop back. Its not always that Gold and Silver maintain 1;20 ratio. Each have their own life to take care of. Each has different supply demand metrics. To say GSR to be 1;20 is like defining a ratio of Google to GM or FB to Chevron.
@DronZizzle
4 жыл бұрын
Hell yeah, another long video to chill to
@whitebeard420
3 жыл бұрын
Ya honestly I wish they were all like an hour long or more, and like 4 or 5 parts. Like ima just start buying scrap jewelry to send him lol.
@luisillo3511
4 жыл бұрын
The brown colour can be because of the chlorine. Adding HCl to conc sulfuric acid can produce chlorine, and maybe it was making the silver chloride brown. When you add more water you wash the chlorine out. Edit: grammar mistake
@herwew7476
4 жыл бұрын
I suppose, the brown compound which is formed when the the silver is precipitated, is anhydrous CuCl2, which is insoluable in H2SO4. When water is added, it changes to the blue/green we are used to for copper aqua complexes.
@MrKotBonifacy
4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for that hint, I was wondering myself "what the heck?" Although my thinking leaned toward some poly-sulphuric salts or something like that - but on a second thought that wouldn't make much sense. Anhydrous CuCl2 seems to be fitting explanation for observed phenomena. EDIT - I just made some quick"back of the envelope (and a calulator)" calculations - just some numbers related to this particular experiment: - total amount of sterling silver: 118.3 g; - of which 90% is Ag, thus 106.5 g, and 10% is Cu, thus 11.8 g. Dividing it by molar mas of those metals we arrive at 0.99 mol (M) of Ag and 0.19 M Cu. Approx. 500 ml of 93% H2SO4 equals 465 ml of 100% H2SO4, whose density is 1.83 g/cm3, thus approx. 850 g,or 8.68 M of H2SO4 was used here. The acid works both as oxidiser and solvent, and the reaction apparently goes as folows: Cu + 2 H2SO4 -> SO2 + 2 H2O + CuSO4, and 2 Ag + 2 H2SO4 -> SO2 + 2 H2O + Ag2SO4 In other words 0.38 M of H2SO4 to dissolve Cu and 0.99 M to dissolve Ag. That leaves us with 7.31 M (716 g/ ~360 ml) of H2SO4 unreacted, further diluted by approx 25 ml of water created during the reaction(s). Means, still "quite concentrated" H2SO4, capable of removing water from CuCl2. Then of course is water from added HCl, although not very much - and then again, precipitating AgCl "returns" some H2SO4, so...
@buggsy5
Жыл бұрын
If you are processing a lot of silver - anneal the silver periodically while rolling. It will go much faster.
@kieranodea771
4 жыл бұрын
Brown color to my knowledge is/was a combo of the gray/white color of silver chloride and the blue color of copper nitrate and the green color of copper chloride. Hope that sheds some insight, I tried a similar reaction a little while ago.
@billallen8396
3 жыл бұрын
"Here's the one spoon" *holds up a small rake*
@HomeSkillit
4 жыл бұрын
Can't wait to get off work so I can watch this!
@GlazzedDonut
4 жыл бұрын
That fork really went Edward Scissorhands on us
@anthonyrstrawbridge
Жыл бұрын
Redefining flatware. Locomotive flat. The sulphuric acid skin burn must be much more intense than lead battery electrolyte I'm sure.
@josephpecoul6532
4 жыл бұрын
Much respect on not losing it but anyway that's why i watch and not do thanks for sharing.
@macguru9999
4 ай бұрын
One thing, unlike the conc sulphuric, muriatic acid is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride gas, mainly just water, so when you poured that in the sulphuric you released a lot of heat and some of the HCl gas broke down and released chlorine. and got really hot. you should have poured the mixture slowly into a little water first and then added the HCl.
@sreetips
4 ай бұрын
I was glad that it worked.
@macguru9999
4 ай бұрын
@@sreetips yep, your safety is paramount.
@mikecalla1939
Жыл бұрын
Love all of your videos. When you added tap water to the beaker at the 28 minute mark wasn't there Sulfuric Acid in the beaker?
@sreetips
Жыл бұрын
Could have been.
@arlenclark8515
4 жыл бұрын
Naturally your HCl was a solution containing water. The sulfuric acid reacted with the water and caused the mixture to obil.
@kathybradbury
2 жыл бұрын
If you heat the metal (anneal) when it becomes difficult to roll it will be much easier to work with.
@mr.g-sez
2 жыл бұрын
somehow my comment disappeared, but thank you mr. sreetips. i didnt know a pdf version of that book exists, i start reading it now. for now it'll do the job. hopefully i will find one on a yardsale or something. the cheapest i saw was like 250$, online.
@sreetips
2 жыл бұрын
Sometimes comments get placed in “held for review” and I have to go in and approve them. Sorry about that. Type the title of her book into google search block - it’s available for free
@mr.g-sez
2 жыл бұрын
@@sreetips thank you sir. i will do that and start reading it before i start. i've been doing research for the last 4 weeks. but that book is what i need to finally start my lab operations. thanks again mr. sreetips
@Tasarran
Жыл бұрын
Seems like you could get even better results if you turned it to chips with a milling machine or lathe. Catching all the bits might be a problem, I suppose...
@cass973
2 жыл бұрын
Lol the blue cornflower pyrex dish that soooo many say is worth thousands. No worries I don't use mine like what it was intended for either. I can't believe people pay over $5 for the old pyrex dishes let alone thousands 🤔.
@lightmagick
4 жыл бұрын
I know it's just silver but couldn't you heat it up to anneal the metal? Could maybe tighten up the rollers quicker if you did that. Might be completely unnecessary though.
@matthewhoward4549
3 жыл бұрын
Lesson NO.1 always refine silver as a part of your gold refining sessions. And cement it out of solution on copper and keep it in cement form until the *spot price comes into line with reality.* Lesson NO.2 sterling silver is a pain in the arse to do on its own (who keeps a roller at their place?). Lesson NO.3 always refine silver as a part of your gold refining sessions. Lesson NO.4 always refine silver as a part of your gold refining sessions.
@claytonmccormick622
3 жыл бұрын
the normal ratio is 8 to 1 but you must realize that every cruise missile has about 100 pounds of non recoverable silver and silver is lost in other ways as well .
@burnroe6611
3 жыл бұрын
I need one of those rolling machines
@sreetips
3 жыл бұрын
eBay
@hedleypepper1838
4 жыл бұрын
Awesome cant wait to see the yield... it's a tease though being in two parts.... are you planning to recover the silver from the silver sulfate Crystal's in the filter? Would using a little more acid have reduced the Crystal's left behind maybe!? Also what was the temperature of the acid during dissolving the silver? Thanks from the uk where nitric acid is illegal
@oneoflokis
3 жыл бұрын
Is it really?? Pretty sure we had it in my school chemistry lab! Prolly bcos of the EU: but we're out of it now!!
@Russkiybobr
Жыл бұрын
It's not illegal, you just need either an appropriate registered business need for Nitric or you need an EPP licence from the home office.
@MrIchbins666
3 жыл бұрын
Who needs a vaccation when u can watch this stuff ?
@chrisferrante9699
2 жыл бұрын
If you added a nitrate salt to the warm sulfuric….. wouldn’t that make nitric in-situ then use saltwater or hcl to drop as chloride? Wouldn’t that work much faster then sulfuric alone?
@sreetips
2 жыл бұрын
I don’t know, I’ve never tried that
@verniehellmann6298
2 жыл бұрын
In this video you use rooto drain cleaner 93% nitric acid, but then you said don’t add water to the sulphuric acid. I’m confused which is it. I’m following this method for refining some Wm Rogers flatware that is silver plated, but I believe the base metal is Nickel Silver. My experiment turned to cemented sludge in the straight Rooto no water. Not sure what do next, so I got some of the sludge out into a beaker and added tap water and it turned a dark blue then I let it sit and it formed crystal in the bottom that was rock hard. What was this? I’m not sure. It’s my first time. Thanks
@sreetips
2 жыл бұрын
Rooto Professional Drain Opener - available at Ace Hardware - is 93% concentrated sulfuric acid. According to the material safety sheet data.
@itsbdubnukka
4 жыл бұрын
The lazy ET in me wants to connect an electric motor to that crank.
@Velsbasketcase
4 жыл бұрын
I liked the forks better than the bar 😁
@unlockeduk
2 жыл бұрын
the brown colour is dehydrated copper sulphate i think or copper chloride
@UFObuilder
3 жыл бұрын
Excellent work
@stanburton6224
4 жыл бұрын
Stupid question, once you get to silver oxide, could you not simply melt it with a fuel rich flame and get elemental silver then?
@dirtybird2202
3 жыл бұрын
You should anneal silver before you roll it and then around every 5 rolls to keep it soft as rolling hardens the silver makes a lot less work and it saves on your rollers.
@sreetips
3 жыл бұрын
Good idea, thanks
@historyhunter5215
4 жыл бұрын
I feel like I should have homework or a project due from this guys class.....🤣🤷♂️ You should attach a pulley to the crank bolt and get you a little gokart motor.
@PetraKann
4 жыл бұрын
The ratio of Gold to silver price was initially determined by Sir Isaac Newton when the Monarch of England at the time requested that he determine this ratio. Newton looked at the production rates of both of these precious metals and arrived at a gold:silver price ration of 16
@sreetips
4 жыл бұрын
Good to know
@ferretface8782
4 жыл бұрын
So those forks are SOLID silver alloy and not just PLATED? I've never run across solid silver flatware, just plated. I'm guessing the yield on plated would be too low to bother with this method?
@benjaminwaterman9580
4 жыл бұрын
What would happen if you passed a current through the silver? You know, electrolysis destroys copper pretty quickly, even with a 9v battery. Would it, perchance, do the same there?
@chadvail4436
10 күн бұрын
If you add sodium nitrate to the sulphuric acid would it dissolve quicker ? Does that not make poor man’s nitric ?
@sreetips
10 күн бұрын
I’ve never used poor-man’s nitric acid.
@barryfields2964
4 жыл бұрын
You should show us the reaction when water comes in contact with that acid. I know it could be dangerous but you’ve safety equipment and I’m sure you could set up an experiment that would be relatively safe
@karlstinger
3 жыл бұрын
Anyone else wanting to see him roll an entire fork without cutting it to see how crazy that would look? Just me...? Ok
@bensons999
4 жыл бұрын
6:49 - Is this the new Tim Burton movie?
@jt4369
4 жыл бұрын
Hahaha, I was thinking exactly that. "Gee, Jack Skelington in sterling silver."
@ferretface8782
4 жыл бұрын
I thought it was in reference to 'Edward Scissorhands'... not 'The Nightmare Before Christmas'.
@allenhammer7923
3 жыл бұрын
I think you ought to XRF that remnant of unknown metals. If they miss others the whole set may be worth refining on its own?
@jamesligon5732
Жыл бұрын
why not melt the forks and pour into a bucket of water to make them mossy? Extreme increase in surface area
@sreetips
Жыл бұрын
Excellent idea
@busman2000
3 жыл бұрын
Is senior chief the same as Chief Petty Officer Master at Arms (British / common wealth Navy's ) ?
@sreetips
3 жыл бұрын
It’s pay grade. E7 is Chief petty officer. E8 is Senior Chief petty officer.
@cavendischw5885
Жыл бұрын
Brown colour is copper(I) chloride complex
@rudolmeyer
4 жыл бұрын
With all the refining that you do, why do you state 99.9% fine. should it not be 100% as you have chemically removed all impurities? just wondering?
@PHUCKyoutube689
Жыл бұрын
I have never heard of 100% silver from anyone. 99.999 is about the purest available I think although I personallyhave never seen any. 99.99 is about as pure as you can find. He would have to run this through his silver cell to get it that pure. 99.9 is about as pure as you can get it without taking it to the next step.
@daffyduk77
Жыл бұрын
Adding the water at 23:00 was a high risk from a thermal/splashing POV
@Kosher-ish2
3 жыл бұрын
What was solid filtered off? Would this work with about 8 pounds of cement silver, likely containing metals below it on reaction table?
@sreetips
3 жыл бұрын
It should
@light_yajami_6832
4 жыл бұрын
Hi Sreetips, I like copper drops better just saying.. I got some electrolyte about 1800ml the solution has sat for a while I put copper in and it seems to be stalled out nothings happened. I know silver there solution from Stannous “tin” Chloride test. I added a drop or two Of nitric acid hoping it start to drop but nothing has happened. I’m sure If I play around with it the solution silver will drop. Have u any tips for what happened did solution go stale like old potato chips and what’s the better way to go about restarting it? Thank you love your videos ur amazing 🙂
@bfd1565
4 жыл бұрын
Fun stuff Sreetips !!!
@jakestarr4718
Жыл бұрын
interesting watching hcl precipitate copper with the silver and then watch the copper dissolve right back up into water. just going to guess this is a great way to tell copper content, to the lab to find out!
@gallezzo6650
4 жыл бұрын
If you're diabetic can you use sweet and low?
@edwardhughes352
4 жыл бұрын
Dont think so as its not a reducing agent (saccharin). and you would need a lot of those little packets.
@MrKotBonifacy
4 жыл бұрын
Yes, you can. But you won't get any reduction : )
@NOFX0890
4 жыл бұрын
Iv never wooshed before, but.......
@bmilz
4 жыл бұрын
Why not fill the the baking dish with ice and keep the heat lower to prevent the buildup and boil over? (Not a chemist, really just want to know if that was an option)
@sreetips
4 жыл бұрын
Possible, but then your view of the reaction would be obscured
@goldsilverjunkie
Жыл бұрын
Kev ive seen other refiners use household ammonia between rinses with gold . It cleans up the gold bit better. Whats you say on that .i havent used it yet myself
@sreetips
Жыл бұрын
I avoid ammonia too corrosive. Especially hot. And it’s not necessary.
@johnfolger8871
Жыл бұрын
nice show
@buggsy5
2 жыл бұрын
Would it be possible to add the sulfuric acid to a bit of H2O2? I think that would greatly speed the dissolution.
@jakebaldwin1308
3 жыл бұрын
Why not fashion a bit for an 18 volt drill and use that instead of by hand?
@davidchapman2839
Жыл бұрын
Are those "watch glass" covers some kind of common pyrex plate? Where do you get those?
@sreetips
Жыл бұрын
I bought those at the thrift store. I think they resist heat ok. But I’ve shattered one by rinsing while it was hot with gold water.
@brianj8366
3 жыл бұрын
how much should you pay for sterling silver if you want to try and make a profit?
Пікірлер: 401