Although it's a 5 mins video but it explains a lot and what I mean by a lot doesn't just means "a lot" but it means A LOT! Thanks for the Exceptional work, and keep nourishing our minds with that great way of putting up science
@shaheenrahman680
10 ай бұрын
1:06 1:13
@pastalavista5628
5 ай бұрын
I like your profile pic xD
@CircuitBread
4 жыл бұрын
We hope this video was helpful! We have a couple more videos on how diodes/PN junctions work when forward and reverse biased, we recommend you go check them out as well. We also have a wide variety of other tutorials on semiconductors, so explore our channel if you have any more questions on this topic. If helpful, we have the transcript for this video on our website here: www.circuitbread.com/tutorials/how-does-a-diode-work-part-1-the-pn-junction Take care!
@tengisdashmunkh1787
3 жыл бұрын
The question is why do course staff, who are paid for the job, fail to explain this concept as clearly and simply as this KZitem channel does! Thank you for the video!
@lucasl4644
2 жыл бұрын
init
@nish3003
2 жыл бұрын
true true on the course teachers' defense, they rly cannot explain the topics with the help of such intuitive animations shown in youtube videos but still overall I feel youtube just does a better job at teaching us lol
@TheEsky18
2 жыл бұрын
You probably gave no indication that you didn't understand the material. It's adult learning, so if you don't get the most out of what you are paying for then that's on you. Secondly, there is a bit of confirmation bias in your statement. You have obviously received several hours of face to face tuition and have tried to read your course material in your own time, yet you give 100% of the credit to this video only? Do you think you would have understood everything about diodes if you had just watched this once?
@mmukultired3288
2 жыл бұрын
@@TheEsky18 so true
@user-hu6ei2mh4o
4 ай бұрын
Searching for animation and till now, this is the best available video on KZitem
@CircuitBread
4 ай бұрын
Glad you liked it
@gameora25
4 ай бұрын
Are u from fbise?
@dr.abdelmounaimchetoui
4 жыл бұрын
amazing explanation that I've ever seen before. irreproachable scientific content. Well done!
@shanm157
3 жыл бұрын
after watching many videos, this series on transistor fundamentals is the best so far. The animation is clear and the speaker makes perfect sense. Subscribed.
@jonasmortier9056
3 жыл бұрын
Hello, I'm a bit confused by the animation. when the free electrons go over to the p-site, you would think that the result would be a neutral charged atom at the N-site, but instead it becomes a positive charged hole?
@jonasmortier9056
3 жыл бұрын
I guess it is because it are mostly neutral molecules from the n-site that will lose an electron?
@AffinityKRC
2 жыл бұрын
The video would have been better if you had used simpler words. I had to look up valence, trivalent, and conduction band
@yejieke92
2 жыл бұрын
Thankkss really I have exam after 1 hour I read it in abook school I understood superficially, but I didn't really understand exactly how it happened
@osmargds
Жыл бұрын
Great explanation! Thank You so much!!! Love from Brazil!
@default-126
3 жыл бұрын
Sorry, I don't understand the difference between a hole and a positive charge, hadn't they both lost an electron?
@CircuitBread
3 жыл бұрын
I got (and still get) those confused sometimes, no worries. The hole is the lack of an electron and, for our purposes, we treat it as mobile. Even though it is literally just the lack of an electron, it can move around. A positive charge (a positive ion) is an atom that is missing an electron. It doesn't move anywhere and it's an entire atom (made up of many neutrons, protons, and electrons) and it just happens to have a positive charge because one of its electrons is missing. Does that clarify things?
@miriamjaymes
2 жыл бұрын
@@CircuitBread this helped me immensely, thank you! :) This means that, when electrons jump from the n-type part to the p-type part to fill the holes, they leave a positive charge (not a hole) behind, even though it seems that, by jumping away, the n-type material would get neutral... and same for holes on the p-side, that are filled by electrons! The electrons fill the holes but the "charge doesn't annihilate", because the atoms received a negative electron, so they become anions (negatively charged)...right?
@omarel-ghezawi6466
4 жыл бұрын
Excellent. Clear and concise. Thank you.
@De_lione
13 күн бұрын
super helpful thank you so much!!
@abanoub1171
Жыл бұрын
you forgot to mention that the holes from the p type semiconductor diffuse to the N type semiconductor the same mechanism as the electrons diffuse towards the p type semiconductor. but overall video is amazing, thank you.
@CircuitBread
Жыл бұрын
Very true, thanks for the feedback!
@noor_almousawi5440
3 жыл бұрын
شيخلصني من الفيزياء.🌚💔
@bluesapphire7548
2 жыл бұрын
This is the COMPLETE explanation. Perfect. Good job!
@MPG-ub5ke
3 жыл бұрын
Wow brilliant, thanks for this fantastic video, first time I actually understand how diodes actually work!
@CircuitBread
3 жыл бұрын
Awesome!
@jivey5123
Жыл бұрын
Finally understandable english!
@GGowthamReddy-dx2un
5 ай бұрын
waiting for the bread to pop out !!
@avadakedevra2895
10 ай бұрын
This was so helpful. I have my physics full syllabus grade 12 exam tomorrow and God semiconductors were one of the most confusing chapters...That is until I watched your videos Thank you so much. The concept is crystal clear
@vaishnavikulkarni1749
3 жыл бұрын
Sir, thank you so much for making this video. It is extremely helpful and easy to understand! The textbook made me wish I would rather have my brains blown off😅😄😄😄
@CircuitBread
3 жыл бұрын
Well, I'm glad you didn't and that this helped!
@roshanbernard5933
4 жыл бұрын
Nice work,,. Btw The free electrons diffusing through the depletion region from n region rapidly lose energy... What makes them lose energy ?
@CircuitBread
4 жыл бұрын
Hi Roshan, my understanding is that the electron loses that energy in the process of overcoming the depletion region, which is acting as a barrier. In other words, it uses that energy just in the process of getting to the other side.
@ahmedkhattab4416
2 жыл бұрын
Thx sir, i would search across the internet for an easy explanation but for an 1h i could only find YOU
@altayebofficial
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much man
@zahidsumoneric
2 жыл бұрын
Extra ordinary content. Thank you very much for sharing.
@岭南天问阁
2 жыл бұрын
"the trivalent atom has lower force in the talk is wrong. the Born nucler core has strong force becuase the out layer electron is more close to the core.
@JeremyDismukes225
11 ай бұрын
thank you. this animation helped me understand what my teacher couldn't through a powerpoint slide
@engiiifacts730
4 жыл бұрын
yes ,he is an inspiration for me ...thank you
@arjae1422
4 жыл бұрын
Why i didn't find this video earlier U r doing great wrk I appreciate it too much
@CircuitBread
4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your feedback, we really appreciate it!
@STP31
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you soo much
@an-nafiuo
5 жыл бұрын
It was helpful basic electronics tutorial I even seen
@CircuitBread
5 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for the feedback!! Check out our site CircuitBread.com for all of our tutorials plus tools, an equation library, and more! 😎
@vladimirdvorak3937
Жыл бұрын
First, let me thank you for the good videos. But in this one, I wonder if it's factually correct. What I have in mind specifically is the energy diagrams at 2:30. There is not enough space to explain in detail but in a nutshell: the valence band of the p-region can be above or below of valence band of the n-region, depending on used materials. Take for example P atom with electron configuration [Ne]3s^2 3p^2 => 5 electrons with principal quantum number = 3 vs B atom (you named it as p-type impurity) with [He] 2s^2 2p^1 => 3 electrons with PQN=2. So electrons in the B valence shell have even lower energy than those in P. Ga or In atoms would work (see periodic table). Second and more importantly - when elections recombine on PN junctions the electron energy needed to escape from P atom DOES NOT change. Bands are not moving anywhere contrary to your statement in 3:41. These are still the same atoms. P atoms further in the n-region are willing to give up the extra electron same as before. These may either recombine with holes in the p-region closer to the PN junction (causing hole current) or may try to penetrate to n-region and recombine with the n-region hole. The only problem is really that there is already a barrier of earlier recombined negative ions of B/Ga/In atoms. These exert a repelling force on free electrons coming from the n-region according to Culomb's law (as you correctly explain in 2:00). In a nutshell to understand PN junction it's critical to understand 2 distinct forces - 1) Culomb's law and 2) the proclivity of electrons to fill the atom valence shell in some patterns which is key for understanding chemical bondings, the periodic table, and chemical element properties. Also, I think there is no conduction band but rather conduction space simply for all electrons with enough energy to escape the atoms. So there is always a "conduction band" overlap and an electron excited enough can always go anywhere (you only need to heat things up enough). And of course, energy comes in quantum so the conduction space is not actually continual but discrete, but it's possibly not important here. At least that's how I understand it, which also may or may not be correct. :)
@judys5964
7 ай бұрын
To understand the diode, you have to understand the PN junction. To understand the PN junction, you have to understand what an impurity atom, pentavalent, and trivalent is. You also have to figure out what he means by "doping". If you don't understand these things, you won't even get past the I N T R O D U C T I O N.
@hetong7814
10 ай бұрын
sir, Could you expain why PN is called minority device? And how MCLT affect device. Thanks a lot~
@pradnyneshgavali8789
9 ай бұрын
Such a amazing video 😍 helpful
@Professional_chemist
3 жыл бұрын
Amazing channel :) thank u so much.
@BetterMeAcademy923
10 ай бұрын
I love the way you explain and animation, it's very easy to understand
@prabhatmishra5667
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks. Love from India
@exhb7284
6 ай бұрын
ضارب محاضره وهسه فهمت
@AK_PC1
4 ай бұрын
اني هم
@CloseUpFootball
2 жыл бұрын
the best explanation, was looking for it for some time
@bhimsensatpathy4112
Ай бұрын
Sir! As electron is negatively charged and hole is positively charged then after the electron get into hole how can there be negative charge left????? Sir please answer
@mehdikh62
3 жыл бұрын
Excellent video and easy tounderstand, well done 👏
@zhangjin7179
Жыл бұрын
the minority carriers do not recombine with majority carriers during the forward bias operation, fyi, there is no depletion region expansion, only contraction.... the final parts of video seems inaccurate to me
@claudiapratt9895
2 жыл бұрын
I love this channel. Every time I feel my brain frying while studying I come here and understand it within minutes. Just excellent.
@giorgosmiras8583
4 ай бұрын
Why dont the electrons in the n-type move into their the depletion zone from their side ? they have a sea of positive charges to the left and a sea of negative charges to the right. I get why they dont cross they boundary this makes sense to require some energy , but why dont they just move into the depletion zone. I understand that there is an electrostatic field that points to the left but i dont understand why this works out when i imagine an electron that is near the edge of the depletion region from the right , naturally the forces would push it into the depletion region
@MrBat000
10 ай бұрын
so a diode allows current to pass through when activated Like a gate. so why wouldnt use a mosfat instead because a mosfat also allows current to go through when activated.
@zoyanoor0039
6 ай бұрын
Does active region and depletion region are same in LED? IF no what is the difference please explain
@mnada72
3 жыл бұрын
Very informative , thank you.
@aqeilkhansuriaqeilkhansuri6309
Жыл бұрын
Why electron lose energy after moving to the conduction band of p junction and fall to the Valence band of p junction
@damianomartucci9814
Жыл бұрын
Finallly you helped me understanding this topic. Really thank you! Other websites make it so difficult.
@CircuitBread
Жыл бұрын
You're welcome, I'm glad it helped!
@tausifahmed4885
Жыл бұрын
Why the energy of conduction band and valance band in n type semiconductor is slightly lower than those in p type conductor
@purveshsohony4119
3 жыл бұрын
this video is heavily underrated
@consciousness147
7 ай бұрын
Why is the Valenzband empty? dont we need to fill lower states with electrons first ?
@Mohd53000
Жыл бұрын
This is the type of content that viewers seek from youtubers. Quality Content!!
@JeremyChung
2 ай бұрын
he look like barry bee benson as a human
@muhammadtalha8785
2 жыл бұрын
Why diode doesnt emits light as compared to LED
@CircuitBread
2 жыл бұрын
Great question! It does, actually, sometimes. Usually in the infrared range. LEDs are just specially made to emit light of specific wavelengths.
@muhammadtalha8785
2 жыл бұрын
@@CircuitBread 👍
@sunjacky458
3 жыл бұрын
Great video, explain a profound theory in a simple language
@diegokher
3 жыл бұрын
great explanation! thank you
@सागरबड़थ्वाल
8 ай бұрын
great explanation
@gotobawa
8 ай бұрын
Depletion layer has No charge then why u asign it by + & - charge
@anjanaimesh3258
2 жыл бұрын
The best video I find about diodes and pn junction. Learned a lot ❤️
@farhaneverythingof0468
2 ай бұрын
i have a question what is thee theory about reduce depletion width
@taskinabdur-rahman3487
3 жыл бұрын
Great video thank you
@benbadakhaoula4009
3 жыл бұрын
you are the best thnx
@kasunexe
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks a lot ✅
@RohithVaithiyalingam-l9r
Жыл бұрын
Sir I did not get the points 2:43 can you explain for me ?
@Adroitbit
10 ай бұрын
For me. It still doesn't make sense like If atom is in static position. And the only thing actually moving is electron. What will this looks like??? Are there any simulation like this?
@CircuitBread
10 ай бұрын
One of the challenges with showing these things visually is that everything is just representational. It would be awesome to show it how it actually is but 1) it's hard to show something where you're dealing with literally trillions of atoms and 2) it gets even messier in 3D and 3) in this case, it wouldn't actually demonstrate the concept we're trying to show off here. For the band gap, there isn't a literal physical gap, it's a gap in the energy levels that the electrons can possess. It's sort of like saying that an electron can have an energy level of 1 and 2, but then the next level it can have is 5. So the gap is energy levels 3 and 4. And while this seems strange at first, remember that in chemistry we learned the different energy states of electrons for individual atoms. This is just expanding on that. Sadly, this explanation isn't entirely accurate either but will hopefully help establish a conceptual understanding that can be expanded on.
@mdroton629
3 жыл бұрын
GREAT EXPLANATION
@sridharchitta7321
2 жыл бұрын
Electrostatics and circuits belong to one science not two. For a unified approach to learning Current and the process of conduction watch these two videos i. kzitem.info/news/bejne/s3upvZiacGiiq5g and ii. kzitem.info/news/bejne/mXiHs5OusGSDmaQ Also, in the textbooks referred in the last frame of video i you will find descriptions of the operation of resistors, capacitors and inductors using this approach which makes it easier to understand. There are also chapters in the textbook references which explain the operation of diodes and transistors using the unified approach.
@CircuitBread
2 жыл бұрын
One of the open-source textbooks we have on the site takes this approach and, having learned about both topics separately, it makes sense to me when they're combined in one. But I don't have any personal experience actually learning it from the ground up that way. I imagine that it'll really help people who need to know the "why" behind how something works.
@ab__12s
2 жыл бұрын
سادس احيائي دور ثاني الثنائي البلوري 🤯
@CircuitBread
2 жыл бұрын
Man... Google Translate was useless on this one. I hope all is well!
@ab__12s
2 жыл бұрын
@@CircuitBread It's Really A useful video man finaly i understand the diode thanks mister
@truptigoudar5480
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you for this clear explanation. Nam professor nim kaalu kelage thurbeku.
@amadoucisse2692
6 ай бұрын
can you explain reverse recovery some time
@neilhabermehl6187
2 жыл бұрын
Doesn't explain how a diode works, wrong title, should be "the formation of the depletion region". So why does current only flow one way? Why is there a forward bias voltage that follows an exponential curve? You did not answer "How does a diode work?"
@CircuitBread
2 жыл бұрын
This is the first in a three part series, I recommend you watch all three and see if that clarifies things.
@katlenejanemanahan6184
4 жыл бұрын
this is so helpful! thank God I found it haha more videos to come :)
@anissbenthami
5 ай бұрын
High quality content 👍🏼
@lamtrungrau5986
Жыл бұрын
beautiful English subtitle and animation video, thank you so much teacher .From Viet Nam with love
@kaierliang
4 жыл бұрын
this is gold
@ALittleLifeWithDriedTubers
3 ай бұрын
This series is amazing. I have been looking for a good source to learn about electronics and I've found it, without a doubt.
@AnshulSharma1997
3 жыл бұрын
Can you kindly explain the reason why p side energy levels are made higher and in n-side they are made lower. Also why in the state of equilibrium holes and electron Fermi level align at same position in order to achieve equilibrium. Also as holes and electron which flow are actually in bond with the atom, so hows does when they are in contact, what provides them energy that electrons move and fill the vacant charges in p side leaving a hole or vacant side in n side.. In many texts i have seen (but still confused) that they say, electron are near conduction band so as electron moves they actually decreases the amount of Fermi level in n side due to vacancy and increases the Fermi level o p side... but the logic that Fermi level will align finally for both p and n side, i am unsatisfied with it...Some says as depletion region is formed so why further movement of electron and holes do not occur that electron may go to conduction band of p region. Sorry a bit long query and may be dumb question, but please do clarify this and hope you reply to me. Also you said that electron coming from n type to p type during diffusion will fall back to valance band of p region. How can you represent this situation in a pn semiconductor. is it that the electron recombine with the immobile ion created in p region or what.
@puneethvm
Жыл бұрын
Still doubt are there in my mind bro
@RITHINHN
2 жыл бұрын
Tq so much
@vaibhavgupta6415
2 жыл бұрын
after pentavalent doping the extra electrons goes in conduction band of that semiconductor am i correct? i understood everything and clear my doubts thanks!
@CircuitBread
2 жыл бұрын
Yep! Excellent to hear. We do have some other tutorials on doping if necessary but it sounds like you're good to go!
@陈磊-u7m
3 ай бұрын
@samad4942
2 жыл бұрын
Why when the depletion area expands, the energy level of conduction and valence decreases in n region, "energy level or energy band of solid should be constant"
@nalin31081
9 ай бұрын
@1:00
@npetrak843
Жыл бұрын
my uni cant explain this at all, have to come to your vids to properly understand it. Thanks
@CircuitBread
Жыл бұрын
Happy to help!
@monirislam8748
Ай бұрын
Wont the electron leave a hole behind beacuse the electron from the n region migrate to p region So wont the donor atoms have a hole since it donated one of its electron?
@CircuitBread
Ай бұрын
Good question and one that I wish we had explicitly answered when we made this (hindsight is 20/20). Basically, yes, it will leave a hole behind UNLESS the donor atom had an extra electron in the area any (such as a five electron material as part of a four electron substrate). But, since it's a circuit and the electrons are flowing around the loop, that hole gets filled as the electrons come around. So we aren't accumulating holes on that side because they're actively being filled up as well. I hope that helps!
@ranjanjayarathna7267
3 жыл бұрын
superb explanation
@CircuitBread
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks!
@zaeemshahid1511
2 жыл бұрын
Its awesome.love from lahore ,pakistan.you are included in my list of best teachers.❤
@bananamiyana9415
2 жыл бұрын
If no external voltage is applied across the p-n Junction, then what will exist in depilation layer...??? 1.hole 2.election 3.both hole & election 4.free charge Which will be the correct answer..???? Please reply me fast.....
@CircuitBread
2 жыл бұрын
Even without an external voltage, you'll still form the depletion layer with its ions. Because of that depletion layer, you wouldn't be expecting to see any free carriers until there's an external voltage.
@bananamiyana9415
2 жыл бұрын
@@CircuitBread so you meant the answer of that question is 4. Free charge or ions.......?
@gaspardukwizagira2608
4 жыл бұрын
too dope too good well done .
@tomkustu2708
2 жыл бұрын
oh my god good englis !
@commenter3915
Ай бұрын
I had a question: At the pn junction where there is a layer of +ve and -ve charge opposite each other how is a region of DEPLETED charge carriers created, surely there is a concentration of charge carriers?
@CircuitBread
Ай бұрын
The trick here is to realize that those charges are immobile ions, not free moving charge carriers (something that is inaccurate in one of our animations, unfortunately). Does that help understanding this?
@commenter3915
Ай бұрын
@@CircuitBread Yes, it does, thank you, as I understand the depletion region acts as the 'barrier' in diodes.
@karan1653
7 ай бұрын
thanks
@sorayaabdelhaleem5662
4 жыл бұрын
This is so far the best explanation for PN Junction for me
@CircuitBread
4 жыл бұрын
Awesome, great to hear!
@gladwindaniel6064
Жыл бұрын
even the concept which i didnt even had an idea in one hour explanation, i understood here after 5 minutes
@hassanelfalaky204
Жыл бұрын
Excellent
@pratyush12340
Жыл бұрын
wow
@aycaakbas629
4 жыл бұрын
which app did you use for these videos?
@CircuitBread
4 жыл бұрын
Hi Ayca! Our videos guys use the Adobe Suite for video editing. I think it's Premiere for the video editing itself and Aftereffects for the animations.
@ruzannavardapetyan
Жыл бұрын
Hi, thanks for the interesting and instructive video, but one thing I don't understand is why we can't disconnect these semiconductors from each other. Thank you!!
@CircuitBread
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the question! Do you mean, why we have to have the two different doping regions? If you have just a p-doped region or an n-doped region by themselves, they're just a piece of material that doesn't conduct particularly well. It's when they're put together that the magic (or science) really happens! If you're not familiar with the background on doping, I recommend starting at the beginning of our Semiconductor Basics playlist: kzitem.info/door/PLfYdTiQCV_p7sDswtLZKK43BWOd2mTmHC
@ruzannavardapetyan
Жыл бұрын
@@CircuitBread Thank you for the answer, I will definitely start watching. I worded my question incorrectly. I just can't understand the Seebeck effect. How does it happen?
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