Root canal treatment, also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental procedure used to treat and save a severely damaged or infected tooth. The procedure involves removing the infected or damaged pulp (the soft tissue inside the tooth), cleaning and disinfecting the root canals, and then filling and sealing them to prevent further infection.
The need for a root canal treatment arises when the pulp becomes infected due to deep decay, repeated dental procedures on the tooth, cracks or chips in the tooth, or trauma to the tooth. If left untreated, the infection can spread to the surrounding tissues and lead to abscesses or tooth loss.
During the root canal procedure, the dentist or endodontist numbs the area with local anesthesia to ensure a pain-free experience. They then create a small access hole in the tooth to reach the pulp chamber and root canals. Using specialized tools, they carefully remove the infected or damaged pulp and shape the canals to prepare them for filling.
After cleaning the canals, the dentist fills them with a biocompatible material called gutta-percha and seals the access hole with a temporary filling. In some cases, a dental crown may be placed on the tooth to provide additional strength and protection.
Following the root canal treatment, patients may experience mild discomfort or sensitivity, which can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers. It is essential to maintain good oral hygiene, including regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups, to ensure the long-term success of the root canal treatment.
Root canal treatment is a highly successful procedure and can save a tooth that would otherwise need extraction. By preserving the natural tooth structure, it allows for normal biting and chewing function, maintains the aesthetic appearance of the smile, and prevents the need for more extensive dental treatments such as dental implants or bridges.
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