This is a nine year old video and I found it so relevant. You have explained the concepts of CTCSS, DCS, PL and CG brilliantly. In a nutshell if users leaves the squelch level on in their handy then all signals irrespective of the various tones set, can be heard thereby, making the often marketing feature of 'Privacy' by two-way radio manufacturers absolutely redundant. Cheers! New Delhi
@Commsprepper
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@Acedeucedub
5 жыл бұрын
I've only been learning about radios for like 3 days and this made sooo much sense!!
@Commsprepper
11 жыл бұрын
Thanks for your positive feedback. I had no idea that this video would invite so much decent. My goal was to give an idea on how tones were used and how they do not provide privacy. Thanks for watching, providing feedback, and subscribing. Respectfully - CommsPrepper.
@williamdaya5393
Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much. Just getting into radio communications. Appreciate your work
@richardlibby2407
2 жыл бұрын
Best description on this topic I've ever seen/heard. Nice job.
@Commsprepper
2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the comment and channel support.
@Gideon_Judges6
11 жыл бұрын
I'm not trying to knock you, but the frequencies used in CTCSS tone are audible. Humans can hear from 20Hz-20kHz on avg. This is why CD audio sampling rate was chosen to be 44.1kHZ (Nyquist theorem). Human speech has a range of 300-3400Hz (hence 4kHZ voice channel on analog phone). You can also hear the 60Hz tone used in US power grid, and many amplifiers have to isolate or filter the power supply so that you don't get a 60Hz hum (or harmonics).
@mikeransome3305
2 жыл бұрын
The majority of radio speakers don't go low enough to represent the lower frequencies so most of the time you don't hear them. Yeah you can hear 60Hz if its coming from a tone gen to your ears but through a basic radio transmission its negated through the lack of frequency response.
@LilBlighter
9 жыл бұрын
I've just completed my UK Intermediate Amateur Radio course and this was extremely clear and well explained. Thank you.
@Commsprepper
9 жыл бұрын
LilBlighter Happy it helped.
@Commsprepper
11 жыл бұрын
A62R - Thanks again for the comments. I went back into the video and added annotations "Correction - CTCSS tones are not sub-audio tones but are really hard to hear. " If time permits this weekend I will re-record the audio for the video and re-post it. Happy New Year. CommsPrepper.
@moosedrum
8 жыл бұрын
Nice video. But every ctcss tone is audible to the human ear. All the way down to 60 hz and even below. These tones are low enough for most radio equipment not to reproduce. But the reason they are not hear is they are filtered, not that the are not audible.
@ChrisD__
4 жыл бұрын
Yeah, most basses and kicks are in this range.
@timothystockman7533
4 жыл бұрын
An important use for these tones is repeaters. The receiver at the repeater site only keys the transmitter when the proper tone is received, thus the repeater only repeats transmissions encoded with this tone. Repeaters often transmit a tone, also, usually the same frequency ass the received tone. If the repeater is set correctly, this "tone out" can be used to eliminate squelch tails. To do this, the transmitter must drop the tone a fraction of a second before dropping the carrier. The receiver mutes when the tone drops, so you don't her the squelch tail, which doesn't occur until the carrier drops, and by this time the receiver is already muted.
@biblesnbarbells
11 жыл бұрын
Thanks for that explanation. It helps me a great deal. Last night I was monitoring my local Traffic Net (SEFTN) and had the wrong PL Tone programmed and they could not hear my transmission. I just subbed also. Anthony.
@Commsprepper
11 жыл бұрын
Thanks for subbing and the feedback on the video (it's an earlier one - not my best). I'm glad it helped out.
@ON3STG
3 жыл бұрын
I would like to thank you for the very wel explaining video about CTCSS. By for the most comprehensive I've seen about this topic. Kind regards. Gert
@mikesradiorepair
5 жыл бұрын
Just to be technically correct the local oscillator does NOT generate a frequency at the frequency you program/set the radio to. The local oscillator frequency is a frequency that when mixed with the incoming signal you want to hear will produce the IF or intermediate frequency. A simple example of a single conversion receiver with a IF of 455kHZ. You want to listen to 10MHZ. The local oscillator would have a frequency of 9.545MHZ. Mix these two frequencies together and you get sum and difference frequencies, one of which will be 455kHZ which is your IF frequency.
@Commsprepper
5 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the correction.
@rc5902
4 жыл бұрын
Perfect explanation theres a couple of guys hung up on human ears can hear 60hrz sure they can my sub hits 26hrz THE POINT OF THE VIDEO IS CTCSS AND HOW THEY WORK ! THANKS Guy for the video very informative and i got it
@Commsprepper
4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the comment and channel support.
@neomayad
8 жыл бұрын
You just clear up so much for me! Thank you
@Commsprepper
8 жыл бұрын
+Neomaya Davila Glad it helped.
@sergeyminakov4501
7 жыл бұрын
Thank's a lot for a video, especially for the switch after detector on block diagram, I just was thinking how to make it easy to draw and easy to understand.
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
Glad it helped.
@Commsprepper
11 жыл бұрын
I agree. I will check my slides but I did not think that I showed the CTCSS tones reaching the audio amplifier. Thanks for commenting and watching. Respectfully - CommsPrepper.
@Commsprepper
11 жыл бұрын
Again thanks for the comments. I have added an "annotation" in the video clarifying that CTCSS tones are not/not sub-audible.
@Commsprepper
11 жыл бұрын
Thanks for the feedback and additional information for the viewers. Respectfully - CommsPrepper.
@take1lookquick
9 жыл бұрын
Fantastic straight forward well explained technical illustration. Greatly appreciated.
@v73c
7 жыл бұрын
Nice explanation. Thank you for your time and expertise.
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching and taking the time to comment.
@Gideon_Judges6
11 жыл бұрын
That makes sense, thanks for the clarification on that. I suspected that they filtered those frequencies (or perhaps anything outside of normal speech voice band) on the radios. Thanks again!
@davidck1
7 жыл бұрын
question: I am picking up some conversation that is covered by loud audiable tones which make the conversation almost impossible to understand. What is that called?
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
phone button type tones? tones at end of transmissions?
@davidck1
7 жыл бұрын
phone type tones that are loud and cover the voice conversation as if they are meant to mask the voice talk
@davidck1
7 жыл бұрын
phone type tones that are loud and cover the voice conversation as if they are meant to mask the voice talk Reply
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
Hummm... what brand of radios are you using?
@craig9309
7 жыл бұрын
Great info -- completely understood. Nice graphics too.
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
+Ed Fardos glad it helped.
@TheKaiserace
8 жыл бұрын
You're awesome, please keep videos coming!
@fitzventure
2 жыл бұрын
Great video, but I'd like to add my 2...naw. Just kidding. Seriously, this is the best high-level overview of how this confusing mess actually works. I'm a software engineer and I couldn't get my brain around how these codes work. Totally makes sense now. Basically, your squelch (filter) only allows incoming signals with the "secret" tone. But, if a radio isn't using any "secret" tones at all (on the receive side), everything comes past the filter. So a receiver can hear everything, they just can't butt in on the conversation. Thanks for making that clear. Also love the concept of a deviation in signal, which is how we actually hear a voice. That's an eye opener.
@Commsprepper
2 жыл бұрын
Thank you for the comment and channel support.
@isnajiaffarjanjalani7445
9 жыл бұрын
VERY WELL EXPLAINED. thanks!
@Commsprepper
9 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@whatabouttheearth
5 жыл бұрын
Commsprepper wow you just responded to a ghost...Khafaffy Janjalani of the Abu Sayyaf above was killed a long time ago. Guess dismembering tourists catches up to you in the end.
@jaybarr3307
3 жыл бұрын
Great video. Great resource for those trying to help newbies understand this stuff.
@Commsprepper
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks for watching!
@Gideon_Judges6
11 жыл бұрын
I actually agreed with both of you in my reply to my first comment (sorry for the noise) that was posted before anyone had even replied to it. My point was that those frequencies themselves are not sub-audible. Humans can hear them. It's just that CTCSS enabled radios know to filter them out. They are sent low power also, something like 15% of the volume, so even for the radios that don't filter them out you would typically not hear the tones. I am done with my point though.
@raminblog
Жыл бұрын
It is really useful and informative. Thanks indeed.
@vicrod74
2 жыл бұрын
Very clear explanation.
@Commsprepper
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks
@pdotterw
Жыл бұрын
Thanks - took complex and made it clear.
@wisteela
Жыл бұрын
When you are using CTCSS it uses the tone to break squelch rather than the squelch control. 73 M7TUD
@carsondudley7128
Жыл бұрын
So the sub audible tones thing doesn't actually mean you couldn't hear them; most people with healthy ears can hear tones as low as 22 hz. These are considered sub audible because they do not get played through the speaker of the radio due to the fact that only frequencies between 300-3000 Hz are played as audio. Hopefully this clarifies anyone who is confused by the whole sub audible thing!
@Gideon_Judges6
11 жыл бұрын
Stated differently: It's possible that the standard for CTCSS might specify to filter the privacy tones, the frequencies used in and of themselves are not sub-audible so it's probably an ambiguous/unclear terminology, even if it's the standard terminology... which is often the case :)
@GhostRyder2008
3 ай бұрын
In Chirp, I see Tone, TSQL, and DTCS. Is one better than the other for this PL kind of filtering?
@andyfran
6 жыл бұрын
Clear and to the point! Thank you!
@Commsprepper
6 жыл бұрын
thanks
@Commsprepper
11 жыл бұрын
NB - Thanks for the comment and support. I agree and have found in my 25 years in the radio business that CTCSS/PL/CG tones have been called sub-audible. Offending views with misapplied terms was not my goal with this video. My goal was provide a basic explanation of what CTCSS tones are and how they are used. I hope the majority of the views benefited from this video. Again thanks for commenting and subscribing - Respectfully CommsPrepper
@kurtreber9813
6 жыл бұрын
What confuses me is that I could be interfering with other people and not know it, if only my group has ctcss tones set. That's not good. The only useful application I can see is when a local repeater frequency is often overloaded by dx, so you set the repeater and your radio to the same ctcss codes
@ReichenbachEsq
4 жыл бұрын
My TM-D710G can scan tones by holding down the tone select key. I haven’t experimented with this feature. Will it locate the required PL tone automatically for a given frequency to open a repeater?
@Commsprepper
4 жыл бұрын
That sounds like a cool feature. Thanks for the comment!
@daltonlangley2681
Жыл бұрын
if i am on gmrs and use tones how do i know im not interfering with others trying to transmit on the same frequency
@luiscypher9844
8 жыл бұрын
TY as well im not a tech sort of person but that was clear as..cheers
@Commsprepper
8 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@matthiasmartin1975
2 жыл бұрын
"... or an improper tone ...." - Man I wish YT comments had selective squelch.
@Commsprepper
2 жыл бұрын
That would be nice.
@handlethissonny
6 жыл бұрын
hey ik this is late af but where can i find the math for how all of these frequencies are "combined"? right now im getting triangle plus square equals banana and i get the concept but i still have no idea whats going on (technically) please help thank you
@mikehenson4549
2 жыл бұрын
Great lecture.
@Commsprepper
2 жыл бұрын
Thanks.
@kovanovsky2233
7 жыл бұрын
What if there are 2 transmissions simultaneously. Say TX(transmission) 1 using tone A, and TX 2 using tone B. If I set my receiver to only receive TX with tone A, will I hear TX 1 uninterrupted? or will the transmissions interfere with each other because they're on the same frequency?
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
The two signals will interfere with each other for sure. Most likely one station will prevail because of the "capture effect" which is associated with FM signals.
@kovanovsky2233
7 жыл бұрын
(continuing above example) then if TX 2 (tone B) is stronger than TX 1 (tone A), with my receiver tone set to A, will I still be able to hear TX 1? or will I receive none because of the interference? Thanks for the response by the way.
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
No. The stronger signal will control the receiver.
@kovanovsky2233
7 жыл бұрын
okay, thanks for the clarity, man.
@holmiumh
4 жыл бұрын
For any kind of wireless transmission, if two strong signal in the exact same frequency exist at the same time both signals are trashed, that's why RF spectrum is tightly regulated as a natural resource.
@TheRealRenn
4 ай бұрын
Thank you Sir!
@SheltonDCruz
3 жыл бұрын
Thanks - very well done!
@Commsprepper
3 жыл бұрын
Many thanks!
@johnriddle6882
5 жыл бұрын
Great video...thank you...I subbed
@T_Andrei
4 жыл бұрын
Does CTCSS or DCS offer a better signal transmission range? Which one is better?
@Commsprepper
4 жыл бұрын
coded squelch systems do not increase range.
@russphilly
7 жыл бұрын
excellent explanation
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@Gideon_Judges6
11 жыл бұрын
I'm not sure if you are specifically referring to me, but I think my comment was both informative, factually correct, and further illustrated the fact that terminology could be misleading. CTCSS sub-audible frequencies are actually in the human audible range. Privacy codes actually don't give you privacy, just allow a sort of compartmentalization. Both are misleading. You are entitled to your opinion though and I am sorry the the commentary was not useful to you. Regards
@GateKommand
11 жыл бұрын
DCS is also known as DQT by /\/\otorola (Digital Quiet Tone).
@cmvb69
5 жыл бұрын
Would an offset somewhat make it more private, just curious ?
@Commsprepper
5 жыл бұрын
nope
@nunyabiznis2100
11 жыл бұрын
They have always been called sub-audible tones even though they are not. Every description of these tones calls them sub-audible. Privacy tones have always been called that even though they never were intended to be private. The radio mfg. intent was to dumb it down so the average person could understand it. It was never meant to be taken literally.
@ch13t
6 жыл бұрын
So basically anyone without a CTCSS on will be able to hear everything on the frequency?
@Commsprepper
6 жыл бұрын
Yes. That's correct. A radio will no CTCSS enabled will be able to copy any transmission, even if the transmitting station has CTCSS tones riding their transmission.
@ahmedadel-lg7pi
7 жыл бұрын
brilliant , thanks
@dallasaustin1
9 жыл бұрын
Thank you!
@Hawkstrider58
11 жыл бұрын
fine explanation Thanks
@RuossFamilyAdventures
7 жыл бұрын
Hello if i'm putting a GMRS repeater up do i need to get something that will put out my call Sign out of the radio i don't know to find this out and were do i get that from now don't take me like a fool i'm disable and i'm working on a low budget
@Commsprepper
7 жыл бұрын
When you transmit from your handheld and mobiles your are required to ID your station with your call sign. I am not sure but I think it's needed at the start of comms, every ten minutes, then at the end of comms. FCC website is a good start for checking the rules.
@mikehein5715
4 жыл бұрын
Do you still see comments on this video?
@Commsprepper
4 жыл бұрын
from time to time.
@mikehein5715
4 жыл бұрын
@@Commsprepper I have a baofeng uv 5r and I can't get any frequency's to work. I guess I'm not firmiliar with the settings ctcss on how to tune them. Can you help me?
@thecrumpets1754
3 жыл бұрын
Is this how fire depts get private tones?
@rickwarwick
6 жыл бұрын
what does open tone, no pl receive mean
@Commsprepper
6 жыл бұрын
another way of saying carrier squelch - meaning all you need is an increase of RF energy at the receiver to open the squelch (activate the speaker).
@mambrinox
4 жыл бұрын
Please talk about privacy codes, otherwise, change your title
@Commsprepper
4 жыл бұрын
privacy codes, tones etc are all the same thing. I will not change the title of video with 60K views.
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