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In this video, I would like to share my experience of pruning a walnut. Many gardeners do not touch the walnut with secateurs, believing that the walnut does not require manual intervention and grows by itself is not bad, and this is partly true, but despite this, if you want to get larger nuts and do not want to collect them in the sky then it is worth pruning, especially if your territory does not allow you to have a large tree on the site, which is a walnut. The walnut shaping technology is a rather obscure topic for the general public. I, in turn, want to say that the nut is worth it and even needs to be cut. During my 13 years of practice, I have seen this more than once in my experience.
Walnut trees are distinguished by their extraordinary vigor of growth and, under good conditions, can produce up to three meters of annual growth, they are perfectly restored after frostbite of branches in winter. Therefore, we can conclude that the walnut perfectly tolerates pruning and is perfectly formed into the shape you need, if you do it on time and, most importantly, correctly, which practice proves.
So what gives the correct pruning of the nut: The first is large, high-quality fruits by weight; the crop after pruning will not decrease in the number of fruits, it will be less, but the weight will remain the same. The second important thing is to control the size of the crown that is convenient for you in terms of height, width and the required shape. The third positive factor is the control of dry diseased branches and their correct direction and length (removal of internal branches, sharp forks). The fourth plus is that you can control the thickening of the crown, if there is not enough light inside, then fewer fruit-bearing branches will form. Also, shortening the branches contributes to the thickening of the branches and increasing their strength in walnut rather brittle wood. The fifth plus is the easy processing of walnuts from diseases and pests. On a compact crown, processing with plant protection products is much easier and faster to implement, despite the fact that not many pests and diseases harm the nut.
So, based on the foregoing, you can form walnut trees, I will describe a few basic principles for pruning:
1. Cut possible stumps and broken branches onto the ring, as various fungal diseases and pests can start in them.
2. Remove branches that grow inward or cross over which may rub against each other and thus damage the bark.
3. Cut branches with a mating angle of less than 40 degrees, as over time they can break off due to the weight of the branches, wind and brittleness of such connections.
4. Do not shave the branches on your bald head :). Leave short fruit twigs (10-50cm) inside the crown to form fruit.
5. Size and shape your tree according to your site size and needs, but not less than 50 percent of the crown size appropriate for the age of your tree.
6. Observe pruning time, walnut is pruned in summer or autumn. Spring pruning is carried out after the start of sap flow. The juice on the cuts helps to flush the cuts from ubiquitous pathogens. In winter, it is better not to prune, but if there are no other options, then you need to do it at temperatures above -7 degrees Celsius, since at lower temperatures the branches become brittle.
7. Use a clean, sanitized tool with sharp-edged blades to cut branches smoothly and quickly without ragged edges where pathogens and fungal diseases can enter.
8. Remove unripe shoots of the southern walnut tree and some shoots do not have time to ripen, and in winter they are likely to freeze.
9. When pruning young walnut seedlings, pay attention to the root shoots, especially on grafted trees, the shoots should be removed. The height of the bole, as a rule, is left at the level of 1.5 meters after branching begins, leaving three to four shoots to the sides (necessarily with an obtuse angle of discharge over 45 degrees) and one leading, main shoot in an upright position.
10. Be tiered. In each tier there should be no more than three four branches of the first order. As a rule, three to five tiers are enough for a full-fledged tree.
The walnut crown is formed according to an improved longline and modified leader system.
Thank you for your attention, I wish you all success in the formation of your plants.
How to trim a walnut? Three trees, different ages. Walnut shaping.
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