#HTTP #pentesting #securityheaders #security #vapt
HTTP is what's used whenever you view a website, developed by Tim Berners-Lee and his team between 1989-1991. HTTP is the set of rules used for communicating with web servers for the transmitting of webpage data, whether that is HTML, Images, Videos, etc.
HTTPS is the secure version of HTTP. HTTPS data is encrypted so it not only stops people from seeing the data you are receiving and sending, but it also gives you assurances that you're talking to the correct web server and not something impersonating it.
Scheme: This instructs on what protocol to use for accessing the resource such as HTTP, HTTPS, FTP (File Transfer Protocol).
User: Some services require authentication to log in, you can put a username and password into the URL to log in.
Host: The domain name or IP address of the server you wish to access.
Port: The Port that you are going to connect to, usually 80 for HTTP and 443 for HTTPS, but this can be hosted on any port between 1 - 65535.
Path: The file name or location of the resource you are trying to access.
Query String: Extra bits of information that can be sent to the requested path. For example, /blog?id=1 would tell the blog path that you wish to receive the blog article with the id of 1.
Fragment: This is a reference to a location on the actual page requested. This is commonly used for pages with long content and can have a certain part of the page directly linked to it, so it is viewable to the user as soon as they access the page.
Headers are additional bits of data you can send to the web server when making requests.
Although no headers are strictly required when making a HTTP request, you’ll find it difficult to view a website properly.
Common Request Headers
These are headers that are sent from the client (usually your browser) to the server.
Host: Some web servers host multiple websites so by providing the host headers you can tell it which one you require, otherwise you'll just receive the default website for the server.
User-Agent: This is your browser software and version number, telling the web server your browser software helps it format the website properly for your browser and also some elements of HTML, JavaScript and CSS are only available in certain browsers.
Content-Length: When sending data to a web server such as in a form, the content length tells the web server how much data to expect in the web request. This way the server can ensure it isn't missing any data.
Accept-Encoding: Tells the web server what types of compression methods the browser supports so the data can be made smaller for transmitting over the internet.
Cookie: Data sent to the server to help remember your information (see cookies task for more information).
Common Response Headers
These are the headers that are returned to the client from the server after a request.
Set-Cookie: Information to store which gets sent back to the web server on each request (see cookies task for more information).
Cache-Control: How long to store the content of the response in the browser's cache before it requests it again.
Content-Type: This tells the client what type of data is being returned, i.e., HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Images, PDF, Video, etc. Using the content-type header the browser then knows how to process the data.
Content-Encoding: What method has been used to compress the data to make it smaller when sending it over the internet.
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Негізгі бет HTTP Security Headers | HTTP Methods | HTTP Status Code | HTTP in Details | Explain in Hindi
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