I am sure you get this a lot but I learned more in your 12-minute video than I did in a 90-minute lecture of the same exact topic by my professor. I really appreciate it, thanks.
@maureenmasara2483
7 жыл бұрын
Me too Thankyou so much
@cifer_owo
3 жыл бұрын
lol same. Literally i got more info from this vid and fully understood. he's my 2nd professor
@jonuriah5274
3 жыл бұрын
i know it is pretty off topic but do anyone know of a good site to watch newly released series online?
@ignaciobronson7051
3 жыл бұрын
@Milan Ahmad yea, have been watching on FlixZone for since march myself :)
@jonuriah5274
3 жыл бұрын
@Milan Ahmad thanks, signed up and it seems like they got a lot of movies there :D Appreciate it !!
@gabriellerichards6195
5 жыл бұрын
"There are two classes of light chains... as in... two classes" lol
@aaronsmith5736
8 жыл бұрын
I read my book over and over and didn't understand it! now make sense!! THANK YOU!
@marinamoreira32
9 жыл бұрын
Hey, I'm a student of biology in Brazil and u saved my life with all ur immunology videos. I've watched them all! Thank u so much, they are great, ur explanations are precise and simple at the same time. Ready for my test now! Thanks!!! (:
@Alvo1996
8 жыл бұрын
Dude, you're GOD DAMN AWESOME!!! If, by a miracle, I pass on my Imunology Exam tomorrow, you may take all the credit for it :P
@freddie6234
5 жыл бұрын
did you pass?
@hr8994
3 жыл бұрын
Did you pass?
@Alvo1996
3 жыл бұрын
I did pass!! xD In fact, I finished my degree this year!
@booboo2734
3 жыл бұрын
@@Alvo1996 congratulations
@rachel1030
5 жыл бұрын
This was the best instructional video I've seen throughout my whole academic career.
@saraha.3860
2 жыл бұрын
This video is 9 years old. Old but Gold. Thank you so much!
@SmashingKinpumps
6 жыл бұрын
what's more amazing are the scientists that discover this stuff.... i can barely wrap my head around an intro immunology course lol
@tenochtitilian
8 жыл бұрын
This vid deserves a double like
@nrazdan8
11 жыл бұрын
I wish I had watched these before my exam a few weeks ago!!! I was soooo confused before and now I understand so well in just a matter of 12 minutes and 48 seconds! Thank you for making this!!!
@mrsdiggory3211
4 жыл бұрын
Amazing, I'm gonna watch your videos again and again until I understand every bits of it. Thank you for doing all these amazing videos!
@panopol9433
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you soooooo.... much!!!!!! Im a medical student in China, and the textbooks here are so long and difficult to understand. I even need a VPN to watch your videos on KZitem!!!! You saved me! You are so awesome! Thank you very much for making these series, this must have taken you a long time
@anweshadas9611
5 жыл бұрын
My professor couldn't do in those lengthy classes what you did with a 12mins video. Thanks for saving my life.
@alpcelebi4759
8 жыл бұрын
TdT is maximally expressed during heavy chain rearrangement, so "the addition of nucleotides" occurs generally in the heavy chain rearrangement. This process is called N-nucleotide addition. TdT acts much less on the light chain genes!!! However, in the light chain rearrangement process, nucleotide addition occurs by DNA repair enzymes, called P-nucleotide addition. N-nucleotide addition and P-nucleotide addition are quite different mechanisms.
@BFSeep
7 жыл бұрын
I didn't know about this , thanks!
@alpcelebi4759
7 жыл бұрын
You are welcome. I used the textbook Janeway's Immunobiology and i am quite happy with it, so keep in mind if you ever need a reference on such topics.
@jessicakaushal3327
4 жыл бұрын
thank you !
@lobert74
5 жыл бұрын
This video is already so old but exactly what I needed just now! Somatic recombination was one of the few topics I didn't get of my immunology class, so THANK YOU! you saved me hahah! Keep up the great work. And I love your drawing skills by the way
@sciworanil9280
10 жыл бұрын
Armando your works is really commendable its too professional. Gives a fast brief review of the essentials of a topic
@mallakaljarawen888
4 жыл бұрын
From Middle East, those are golden , wonderful, and informative videos that summarize many lectures .
@sogolpahlevan9174
9 жыл бұрын
I just learned this in medical school and i was clueless what was happening, but your videos do a much better job at explaining some of these concepts than any of my lectures. thank you, thank you, THANK YOU!
@harshtelang5091
2 жыл бұрын
the fact that I understood in one go ??? Excellent video.
@geronimojones2
4 жыл бұрын
2:00 I thought you weren't going to fill in that arrow and I was about to punch my computer. Thanks for the great video
@eam5608
5 жыл бұрын
I cannot put into words how much I loved this video
@kunmunnayak3575
4 жыл бұрын
Your videos are truly amazing and helpful, the concept was explained really well. Thank you for creating such awesome content 😊
@PepsiT98
4 жыл бұрын
So you're telling me that I was able to skip reading 15 pages of reading my textbook just by watching your thorough video?? You are such a blessing, thank you so much!
@jenniferfunmilayo4824
9 жыл бұрын
I think you just earned me an A in Immunology this semester. Clean explanation! Thank you!!!!!!!
@skmurray2484
6 жыл бұрын
Thanks so much for video 1 and video 2. I was lost in my lecture, and was worried I'd have to spend all weekend digging through textbooks. Not the case now! Super helpful.
@TheBookL0ver
6 жыл бұрын
this was incredibly helpful, thank you so much! Your illustrations in particular were great :)
@annychen5194
7 жыл бұрын
Not much people in China do this kind of drawing about medical stuff,thank u sooo much for helping us understand.Wish I can do this too to help students here.
@emilybt93
8 жыл бұрын
Where did you get your information regarding tangled configuration. I cannot find any information on this on the internet. Does it have a different name which you didn't use?
@golapemadina7177
4 жыл бұрын
You are the best immunology teacher... Thank you so much for easy explanations
@rahulchoudhary5980
10 жыл бұрын
really appreciable work with great pics .
@shirleycheung1750
9 жыл бұрын
THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR EXPLAINING THIS SO WELL!!!! You're the best!!
@arinarakhteenko579
4 жыл бұрын
Thank you for awesome materials and illustrations!
@whyfai7168
2 жыл бұрын
I literally have an immunology exam tomorrow and this is the only topic I cannot seem to grasp the heads or tails of, I hope that this video becomes my saving grace because I'm positively panicking
@massimogagliardi7734
10 жыл бұрын
Thank you very much for the video it has clear many of my doubt….you are very incredible in drawing and explaining…Armando you are great!
@brittophone6219
3 жыл бұрын
This is perfect, literally it contains everything i needed to know!!
@armandohasudungan
11 жыл бұрын
Sure do my friend!
@nehavats8751
4 жыл бұрын
it was really hard to understand this topic before. Thank you very much
@walidkayzer6354
10 жыл бұрын
Dude, you're my hero :)
@MeshaMichaelSavio
10 жыл бұрын
Helped me out so much for my immunology quiz!
@chompteeth7640
9 жыл бұрын
Wow, much much clearer than before. Thank you!
@anickakhan9344
5 жыл бұрын
Thank you soo much for this video. it defiantly made it much more easier for me to understand the process
@sarahevans9829
10 жыл бұрын
Yay thanks so much!! :'D you just saved my immunology grades!!
@sister587425
5 жыл бұрын
I hope I can give hundreds of likes for this! This video is awesome!
@CristinaGarcia-bz5jm
10 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much!!! You helped me understand this process so clearly.. just thank you!! and keep up the good work :)!
@melyssarowell6534
11 жыл бұрын
Love your videos! They have saved me for this class. What about videos on hypersensitivity? or tolerance? Great work, thanks a bunch!
@chaimafaraji8921
8 жыл бұрын
you are the beeeest! you really make me uderstand better ,even if i'm studying in french!!
@AnishaShah12345
8 жыл бұрын
Finally understood the topic... Thanks for the awesome video...
@Seevawonderloaf
4 жыл бұрын
Excellent video! It was easy to follow with great graphics. :)
@skydrake3
11 жыл бұрын
I think that rum promo video is very good! Good work!
@TheCheerup123
6 ай бұрын
great explanations for quick overview!!
@francescodamato8532
4 жыл бұрын
Perfect Explanation! You are awesome!!
@fenitatan
5 жыл бұрын
you're great! This is super clarifying! Thank you so much!
@gigglefeather
8 жыл бұрын
This is terrific, thanks for sharing!
@lolilolicapop
4 жыл бұрын
Splendid video!
@armandohasudungan
11 жыл бұрын
Thats an interesting question. Antigens are chemicals in itself. But if you mean chemicals as in enzymes or inflammatory mediators, then yes some can act as an antigen. However its better to say that the chemicals usually disrupt, inhibit or enhance the antigen receptor recognition to an antigen, by binding to them somewhere.
@feifeishuishui
9 ай бұрын
I have a question that I was never able to figure out: Since you are adding random number of nucleotides, you may add 3+1 or 3+2 nucleotides and cause frame shift, then will new terminal codon occur frequently or not? I am asking because in most other genes, if you have a new insertion that causes frameshift, you will most likely have a premature stop codon soon after the frameshift insertion. And if the premature stop codon is before an intron, you will likely to have nonsense mediated decay of the mRNA and has nothing translated.
@Heartabolical555
4 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much its so well explained visually!!
@enimangelixz
10 жыл бұрын
thanks for making immunology easier!
@zie2210
11 жыл бұрын
your videos will help me a lot for my exam this wednesday. thanks dude :)
@Sim-pIe
4 жыл бұрын
During light chain rearrangement, my book says the variable segment contains exactly 40, 5 Joining segments. During JV recombination it says V2-J4 are joined. Hence, im confused.
@amandaagazio9569
8 жыл бұрын
TdT addition of nontemplated nucleotides in the light chain is a very rare event.... fyi. more likely to occur in the heavy chain, which is why the heavy chain accounts for most of the diversity exhibited by any given antibody.
@jakejiler5240
5 жыл бұрын
This is an important detail! Thanks for bringing it up, I was confused when I got to that segment of this video so I'm glad you had the same understanding that I do
@feifeishuishui
9 ай бұрын
I have a question that I was never able to figure out: Since you are adding random number of nucleotides, you may add 3+1 or 3+2 nucleotides and cause frame shift, then will new terminal codon occur frequently or not? I am asking because in most other genes, if you have a new insertion that causes frameshift, you will most likely have a premature stop codon soon after the frameshift insertion. And if the premature stop codon is before an intron, you will likely to have nonsense mediated decay of the mRNA and has nothing translated.
@user-bv5co4ub1u
8 жыл бұрын
Hello iam korean stutent learning immunity.Your Lecture is awesome!!! Thank you I feel i get better grade !
@user-up3dd1vw6b
4 жыл бұрын
Hi qt
@sarinam.n.5560
4 жыл бұрын
Thank you! It was so helpful 🙏🏻🌸
@habibjoukhdar
11 жыл бұрын
you are a god among late second crammers and confused biology/medical based students!! Thanks!!
@nayansuryawanshi9956
8 жыл бұрын
Very nice explanation!
@meshdo
11 жыл бұрын
armando! eres lo mejor-- thanks so much for these videos :)
@hasanalayoubi7718
3 жыл бұрын
Excellent explanation
@VANDANAKAUSHALvandy
9 жыл бұрын
awsome video.totally understood da process.u r great at teching
@emilycarbajal6737
7 жыл бұрын
Omg it makes Sense!!!! Thank you so much!
@shahrizajuliana7803
8 жыл бұрын
i love your lecture. Really make me understand better. :)
@Irene-pz1bs
2 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much!! So clear and helpful
@jurremeijer5662
3 жыл бұрын
7:35 what happens with the dna (v3 in this case) that is 'cut off'. is it recovered in some way or destroyed in this particular cell? since all it needs to do is form the specific antibody, it wouldn't need the extra dna, right?
@hetlar990
9 жыл бұрын
thank you very much for present how the recombination and added to be unique like you cause your unique man thanks alot
@Lyl22-ux8og
8 ай бұрын
After 11 years now this video save my life 🫡
@LucidityAboveStarS
10 жыл бұрын
This saved my day!
@mujtabaalawadi
9 жыл бұрын
This is a great explanation ^_^ keep it up , keep shining , you are awesome
@roshniprasad8550
6 жыл бұрын
Thanx you make things easier to understand..
@iggydoos
2 жыл бұрын
Nice video for a quick revision for me. Not an easy topic for non immunologists.
@groupstudies6713
3 жыл бұрын
This video is helpful. Thank you Sir.
@ndakoreware5833
5 жыл бұрын
This video was so helpful
@ashutoshsethi6150
4 жыл бұрын
What is the point of this recomb. Of DNA (basically removing introns)if at the end splicing is done to remove remaining intron transcripts?
@saketpandey3889
Жыл бұрын
Thank you so much sir 💜 Really helpful video ...
@mickjay7
11 жыл бұрын
beautiful just beautiful thanks so much buddy
@himalyadav5472
4 жыл бұрын
Bro i have a presentation on somatic recombination and i have learned a lot from your video thanks a lot
@latindude8
10 жыл бұрын
Do you have pictures of your drawings for your two somatic recombination videos?
@nanatserediani6311
8 жыл бұрын
thank you very much for help
@LITG7000
4 жыл бұрын
6:21 Thanks for the video, cleared alot of things up and helped visualize from what i understood from my book, correct me if im wrong: there are twp types of RSS: one a nonamer 9BP and the other is a heptamer 7BP, and the spacers are separate, which is separated by spacers if 12bp and 23bp long. Segments 7 is 3' end of V and 5' if J. For D, segment 7 is on both 5' and 3' end. The spacers are between these segments. example: Heavy chain genes: V7-----23-----9-------9-----12----7D7---12----9---9----23----7J Also doesnt the 23/12 rule require a RAG protein as well?
@lyeraskylark1532
6 жыл бұрын
N addition only occurs in HEAVY CHAIN, not in light chains. Thus Tdt only helps in adding new nucleotides during the heavy chain VDJ recombination.
@alessandra988
2 жыл бұрын
Very useful, thank you so much!
@nuriavallverdu1037
4 жыл бұрын
Thank you so much
@dhimandas8758
Жыл бұрын
I am very curious. how were these protocols discovered? it is quite complicated and in a specific sequence as well
@Ilija_Ilievski
Ай бұрын
Well done!
@surindermultani9245
9 жыл бұрын
your fuckin awesome man.... i didn't understand anything prior to listening to this video.... keep it up ... ur helping a lot of people...!!!
@Chintiki16
11 жыл бұрын
Wow! you are a good teacher. keep up with the good work ;) I more of these if I want to succed my immunology class.
@ignacio7695
7 жыл бұрын
you are the real MVP
@mhrtoo
11 жыл бұрын
Great video like usual! Just a quick question: Forgive me if I'm wrong, but towards the end of the video when you talk about the RAG genes with recombination, this is junctional diversity, right? If so, in the example you were showing, the light chain wouldn't go through the N-nucleotide addition with the TdT (or very seldomly), mostly due to the TdT enzyme not being expressed during this stage. It just goes through P-nucleotide addition and junctional flexibility. Thanks for all your work! :)
@agnisuddhashaw2767
3 жыл бұрын
Are new nucleotides added in VJ recombination coz I read that it's only added in the Heavy chain gene rearrangement
@doctoritaspato6228
5 жыл бұрын
thank you so much
@GoodKnight5252
8 жыл бұрын
What about the surrogate light chain that makes sure that the heavy chain hasn't lost it's ORF due to the addition or removal of nucleotides?
@thepeanutgallery92
Жыл бұрын
Any chance you could make videos on the different SCIDs? (Severe combined immunodeficiencies). Material is lacking in this topic.
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