Iron Wood House
Architects: Earth Lines Architects
Area: 470 m²
Year: 2019
Photographs:Tommaso Riva
Manufacturers: Dekkson Lock, Modena, PC Henderson, Toto
Contractors: Bali Construction, Uluwatu Building Co
Project Managers: Bali Construction
Interior Architect And Principle Designer: Abbie Labrum
Lead Design Drafter And 2 D Drawings: Firman Azi
Senior Architect; 3 D Modeling And Visualisation: Hari Saweka
Structure Engineer: Yogi Artawan
Author: Julianne Greco
City: Kecamatan Kuta Selatan
Country: Indonesia
In the awe-inspiring landscape of Bali’s Uluwatu Surf Villas complex, Iron Wood House is a private residence and holiday rental nestled above a majestic cliff top - overlooking the boundless Indian Ocean. Balancing nature with modern luxuries, the residence celebrates a spectacular sunset horizon, lush garden sanctuaries, and water elements to generate a sense of calm expansiveness amid seclusion.
The owners requested a spacious tropical villa incorporating reclaimed Indonesian wood structures with a modern treatment manifested in a minimal and linear form. In line with their ethos, Earth Lines Architects' approach was to create a contextually inspired tropical villa with hints of vernacular architecture that responds to its topography and environment. Perched on a 2300m² cliff-front plot in Uluwatu, with an unobstructed view of one of the most famous surf breaks in the world, the spiritually significant environment surrounding Iron Wood House exudes effortless beauty.
The architectural vision evolved from a light, floating, two-story structure anchored into the natural land gradient. When guests first glimpse the facade, Iron Wood House almost disappears into the greenery, giving off the impression of a subtle and understated single-story residence. By contrast, as you make your way through the graceful, low east-ward facing entrance, the gentle-pitched roof expands towards a westward-facing sunset view for a dramatic reveal of a limitless ocean, evoking a profound sense of arrival.
At the heart of the project are 52 remarkable reclaimed iron wood columns, which comprise the core structure and, therefore, became one of the residence’s principal materials. Imagined as a journey while considerate to the user experience, Earth Lines Architects designed a layout rooted in function yet sympathetic to the column grid. Contributing to the illusion that the house is anchored, the columns anchor a secondary structure of steel beams and ulin wood joists to support the ulin-shingle roof with large cantilevered overhangs. A concealed water catchment gutter runs along the lowest eave as a sustainable contribution. Rainwater is collected, stored, treated, and then used throughout the house - addressing the Bukit Peninsula’s escalating water shortage challenges.
The memorable columns not only bind the house together but whisper heritage into the residence. They are marked by scars and imperfections of a past life underwater - likely as pieces of a bridge - prevailing against creatures attempting to consume them. To source and implement these ulin columns, the contractors harnessed the expertise of talented local wood specialists who deeply understand the exceptional durability and character of Kalimantan’s iron wood. Known locally as kayu ulin, iron wood is native to Borneo. Reclaimed teak, a warm and compliant wood originating from Java, naturally became another principal material to both complement and contrast with the dark tones of the primary structure. These wood artisans are a living legacy unique for their knowledge and history of a craft that is becoming exceedingly rare in other indigenous parts of the world. It continues to be a very special opportunity for Earth Lines Architects to collaborate with them and explore their skills.
The residence’s location along the Ring of Fire also informed the architects’ structural choices. Sitting in a seismically active area north of the Java Trench, Iron Wood House’s design is inspired by traditional Indonesian architecture built in wood to sustain earthquakes. To accommodate these seismic concerns, Earth Lines Architects constructed a flexible structure with twin column sets tied together with steel plate connections and beams. Erosion considerations dictated a large setback from the limestone cliff edge.
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