Exercises + Written explanation: learnamo.com/verbi-pronominal...
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Today we will see a “scary” lesson, a topic that frightens every student of the Italian language… the PRONOUN VERBS! All you need is paper and pen (or the notes of your smartphone!): we think you will have to take notes today!
Italian VERBI PRONOMINALI: definition and examples
What are “verbi pronominali” or “pronoun verbs” in Italian? The “verbi pronominali” are those verbs including a pronoun in their infinitive form.
Since it is a very wide and complex topic, we decided to make it clearer by subdividing these verbs into classes.
First class: verbs in -la
- PIANTARLA
If you’re thinking that this verb means “to put a seed or a plant in the soil”… then you’re getting confused with the verb “piantare (to plant)” (example: Io pianto i tulipani ogni anno → I plant tulips every year).
“PIANTARLA”, instead, means “to stop doing or saying something”.
For example:
Spero che il nostro vicino la pianti con questa musica! Devo studiare! (I hope our neighbor will stop it with this music! I have to study!)
N.B. Very often, Italians use it as an imperative in order to make someone stop bothering: “Piantala!”
Second class: verbs in -ci
- CASCARCI
“Cascare”, in its basic form, means “to fall down” (example: Paola è cascata dalle scale mentre portava le buste → Paola fell down the stairs while she was bringing the bags)…
However, the pronoun verb “CASCARCI” has the meaning “to get cheated; to be tricked”.
For example:
Nonostante fosse una fake news, tutti ci sono cascati. (Although it was fake news, everyone fell for it)
Third class: verbs in -si
The verbs in -si generally change the reflexive pronoun according to the subject.
Among these, we can mention:
- VERGOGNARSI
“To feel ashamed; to be very shy“.
For example:
Luisa si vergogna di parlare con i ragazzi: per questo è ancora single. (Luisa is ashamed of talking with boys: for this reason she’s still single)
Fourth class: verbs in -ne
- ANDARNE
Everybody knows the meaning of the verb “andare” (ANDARE vs VENIRE), but “ANDARNE” has a completely different meaning: “to be at stake”.
For example:
Non andate mai in moto senza casco! Ne va della vostra vita! (Don’t ride the motorbike without helmet! Your life is at stake!)
Fifth class: verbs in -sela
- PRENDERSELA
We all know the meaning of “prendere”, that is “to take something”…
“PRENDERSELA”, instead, means “to be offended or to get angry at someone for something”.
For example:
Sono un po’ permalosa: me la prendo quando qualcuno mi offende o mi fa uno scherzo. (I am a little bit touchy: I get angry when someone insults me or makes me a joke)
Sixth class: verbs in -cela
- FARCELA
“To succeed, to carry out something“. N.B. Here “ce” doesn’t change.
For example:
Gianni ce l’ha fatta! Ha passato finalmente il test di guida! (Finally Gianni succeeded! He passed his driving test!)
N.B. The expression “Non ce la faccio più!” is very used to indicate that a situation has become intolerable.
Seventh class: verbs in -sene
- FREGARSENE
The basic form of this verb, that is “fregare” means “to steal something” or “to trick someone”.
While “FREGARSENE” means “not to worry, to feel indifference for something”.
Both are used only in the everyday and informal language.
For example:
Loro ci hanno detto che siamo brutti, ma noi ce ne siamo fregati. (They told us we are ugly, but we didn’t care)
A classical expression with this verb is “Chi se ne frega!” to show complete disregard for something.
Eighth class: verbs in -cene
- VOLERCENE
Everybody knows the meaning of “volere”, we made a video about “volerci“, but what about “VOLERCENE”? What does it mean?
This verb is generally used in esclamative expressions with the meaning “a lot of time or effort is needed“.
For example:
Luigi è molto testardo: ce ne vuole per convincerlo! (Luigi is very stubborn: a significant effort is needed to convince him!)
Abbiamo finito quel progetto… ma ce n’è voluto! (We finished that project… but it took us a lot of time!)
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