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Meaning of Jig Boring:
Jig borers are used for locating accurately and making the numerous holes necessary for jigs, fixtures, gauges and other precision parts. Although the single-point boring bar is the most important tool used in jig borers, yet drills, reamers and counter-borers are also used. The jig boring machine is developed from a locating machine and is relatively a new type of machine. This machine is rugged enough for heavy cuts and sensitive enough for light cuts.
A jig borer has the essential elements of a vertical- spindle milling machine. For the sake of attaining high accuracy, it is generally built lower to the floor and is much more rigid and of accurate construction. On the base of it, a saddle is supported which moves in and out from the operator to the column.
To supplement the saddle movement, a table is provided on it, which can move to right or left. It has a massive column which supports the spindle housing and is capable of moving up and down the column ways. Thus the third position adjustment is also achieved.
The spindle moves inside a quill and is supported by the housing or spindle head. In order to add to the rigidity of the machine tool, the quill is made capable of moving up and down inside the housing thus giving a telescopic mechanism.
In order to eliminate the lost motion for purpose of high accuracy and precision, the spindle, quill, and housing are manufactured under extremely careful and exacting conditions and to minimise the errors due to expansion, the housing is made of invar cast iron.
The spindle is hardened, ground, stabilised, and lapped, and pre-loaded ball bearings are used. The driving mechanism provided is capable of giving speeds ranging from about 30 to 1500 R.P.M. so that best cutting speed is available for each size of hole.
For aligning the job and centering it, a dial indicator fitted on the spindle is used. Usually the operator locates the points etc., from either a finished edge or from a suitable hole while setting up for boring operation. The dial indicator is used to pick up the surface and then with reference to it, the spindle can be zeroed over the desired point.
Vertical jig boring machines have robust bed and column castings. The cross slide moves on bed guideways (Y-axis) on linear bearings. The table moves on cross slide (X-axis) on linear bearings. Thus the machine is not only rigid but very smooth in operation, absolutely free from stick slip motion. The drive and guideway system offers low power consumption and precision positioning with ease.
Application Areas:
The machine is designed to bore precision holes with accurate centre distances. The centre distances are set in a cartesian co-ordinate system. Milling by end mills shank and milling cutters is possible.
The machine can be used for:
a. Threading,
b. Marking and
c. Inspection of linear dimensions.
By using the revolving tables one can work in polar co-ordinate system, as well as machine mutually perpendicular and inclined holes and planes.
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