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Krishna temple of Kallar Syedan
In the past, veneration of Lord Krishna was common in Potohar. Many temples were built in the towns and villages of the region where the murti of Krishna occupied the central position in the Grabhagirha of the temple. A majority of the Krishna temples in Potohar do not exist now. Those that have survived are now used as living quarters. The Krishna temple of Kabari Bazar is the only functional temple in the whole Potohar region.
Kallar Syedan, which is a tehsil of town Rawalpindi district, is host to a number of historic buildings of Hindus and Sikhs. It rose to prominence during Sikh rule - an era which left a number of imprints in the form of magnificent havelis, grand and splendid gurdwaras and small fortresses. These dot the whole of Rawalpindi district. During Sikh rule, Hindus also constructed many temples in Kallar Syedan tehsil. Some of the prominent structures of the Sikh and later the British period include Doberan Kallan Gurdwara and tank; Kanoha gurdwara; Choa Khalsa temples and gurdwara (demolished a long time ago and now only preserved in the memories of the local community); and Khem Singh Bedi haveli. Apart from Sikh- and British-period buildings, the landscape of Kallar Syedan is also marked by a number of Mughal-period monuments. The most prominent Mughal monument in Kallar Syedan is Shah Bagh Baoli (a stepped well). Like the Mughals, the Gakhars, who were once lords of Potohar, also erected many monuments. Dhangali in Kallar Syedan is a most significant village where there are several monuments which reflect the public identity of the Gakhar community.
The most prominent Hindu temple in Kallar Sydan is devoted to Lord Krishna. The Krishna temple, which overlooks a Nullah in Kallar Syedan town, dates back to the Sikh period. It is octagonal temple constructed on an octagonal raised platform. The distinctive features of the temple are kiosks which crown the corners of the platform. Corner kiosks are the peculiarity of this temple - which are not to be seen elsewhere in Potohar region in Punjab.
The corner kiosks of the platform impart beauty to the structure. All the kiosks were decorated with floral designs which have now disappeared. It seems that images (murtis) of other Hindu deities might also have been placed in these kiosks. Apart from corner kiosks, the mandapa (closed or open pillared hall preceding inner sanctum) is another peculiarity of temple architecture in Kallar Syedan tehsil. There are quite few temples in Potohar which have mandapas. There also exists a Samadhi close to the temple.
There are stairs to the eastern side of the platform of the Krishna temple which lead to the main mandapa of the temple. The mandapa is crowned with a dome which from the inside is adorned with paintings. On the northern wall of the mandapa is found a painting of Krishna and Radha. Also, Krishna is shown playing a flute in the company of gopis. This depiction of Krishna playing the flute with the gopis (cow-herding girls), one on each side of him, is painted on the northern wall of the mandapa. On the southern wall is a representation of Gajendra Moksha (the liberation of the elephant) in which a sea monster is shown to have held the elephant by one of its feet. Lord Vishnu is also shown having reached the scene, mounted on his vihana (vehicle) Garuda to save the elephant. This theme of Gajendra Moksha is repeatedly represented in Hindu temples of Potohar.
On the eastern wall of the mandapa, one finds a painting of Vishnu which shows him reclining on Shesha (Sheshai Vishnu).
The grabhagriha of the temple is replete with the stories of Krishna. According to Hindu beliefs, Krishna is the eighth avatar of Lord Vishnu. During his childhood he was lively and mischievous. He has been portrayed as having different personalities, for example, a god-child who is constantly involved in practical jokes, a god who is renowned for his dalliance with cow-herding girls (gopis), a pastoral deity who plays a flute with magical effect, luring the unwary certainties of settled life, and a god who controls the snake deities.
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