It is amazing how well you convey the lessons learned from decades of experience!
@freeenergytransformer5842
2 жыл бұрын
Making a current transformer is a process that has been refined over many years. There are a few key things to keep in mind when making one, and these lessons have been learned the hard way. The first lesson is to use washers that have a consistent diameter. This will ensure that the current transformer has a consistent output. The second lesson is to make sure that there is enough space between the washers. If they are too close together, they will create an inductor, which will distort the output of the transformer. The third lesson is to make sure that the windings are evenly spaced. If they are not, it can create an imbalance in the current transformer and lead to inaccurate readings. Finally, it is important to make sure that all of the connections are tight and secure. A loose connection can cause electrical shorts and damage the current transformer.
@ats89117
2 жыл бұрын
I'm not crazy about using washers when much better cores are easily available from broken electronics, but I learned about using a winding shuttle from this video, and that will save me countless hours going forward. Thanks!
@akun10years10
Жыл бұрын
Oh that's what that thing is called. I've been calling them it a knitter.
@BusinessCat
4 жыл бұрын
Forbidden pineapple slice. I really love how you explain this. Really clear and concise. Thank you
@proteekbasu2562
2 жыл бұрын
Would like to thank you for this wonderful work, I am working on a wireless mains monitoring device and wanted to build something similar for monitoring the a.c. mains, came across your video but I had LM324 available that is pin 2 pin similar with 6024, instead of 75k 1% used 82k that was readily available, it worked like a charm and fulfilled my requirements.
@MrHvfan
2 жыл бұрын
Really enjoyable video, its been years since i designed an analogue circuit that had to eliminate the diode forward drop, id almost forgotten the frustration and then the euphoria of solving it- great project, looking forward to watching some of your other videos
@umesh.kumar.naik278
Жыл бұрын
❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️❤️ Wire wrapping technique on washer was the best part of this video for me....
@hebrewhammer1000
4 жыл бұрын
Thanks for sharing! The format of the video is amazing. I love all the details you added. I'm excited to watch the rest of your videos.
@NoNiceUserNames
2 жыл бұрын
Great videos. Wish I had found them earlier as you fill in a lot of practicle gaps in my knowledge
@benjaminscherrey1124
4 жыл бұрын
Definitely agree with your advice of using components that have really reliable and flexible behavior when getting started. The only thing missing from this video is some background on the AC side of things. How do we know to do 100 turns of wire on the washers? Also, what range of AC inputs will this circuit work with? Thanks for the cool video.
@freeenergytransformer5842
2 жыл бұрын
The process of making a current transformer (CT) is not difficult, but there are a few things that need to be done in order to make sure the transformer works properly. The first step is to wind 100 turns of wire around each of the washers. It is important to make sure the wire is tightly wound and does not overlap itself. Once the wire is wrapped around the washers, the next step is to solder the ends of the wire together. This will create a circuit that will allow electricity to flow through the transformer. Finally, the last step is to connect the CT to an electronic device and test it out.
@perwestermark8920
2 жыл бұрын
You can use a multimeter to get an idea of the voltage you get from 10 turns and maybe 1A input current and then figure how many turns to ger a good output voltage for the intended inout current range. Just that you want the wiring evenly spaced so that will kind of put a limit on min/max number of windings that is reasonable to do - and then have the following Op-Amp step up the voltage further. As seen from the video, 100 turns seems to be about what fits for the inside of the washers - more turns and there would be overlapping wires.
@larrybud
Жыл бұрын
@@perwestermark8920 Why can't you overlap? I have all sorts of transformers with overlapping wires.
@NotMarkKnopfler
3 жыл бұрын
I really can't thank you enough for this video. You have solved all the problems that I anticipated - I have been thinking about how to solve this for days and was stuck on the Vf loss of the rectifier diode. But you solved it. I'm just getting started - I'm a software engineer by trade but I'm enjoying electronics *so* much! Thank you again! 👍
@tonyfremont
2 жыл бұрын
I love those microchip opamps. Some even come with a built in divider for a virtual ground reference.
@chrisfreitag3924
4 жыл бұрын
Nice explanation. It would be great if you could zoom in on each section of the schematic.
@cap_fearless8696
Жыл бұрын
You are amazing builder. Glad I stumbled upon your channel.
@Chris_Grossman
2 жыл бұрын
Using the washers is an excellent idea for a low cost AC transformer. I will probably use this idea in a future project.
@thestorybeginswithai...4509
2 жыл бұрын
Best electronic channel ever
@mmoci81
2 жыл бұрын
Looking forward for a new lessons. Those kind of videos are great for beginner. Subscribed
@chriscostello1827
3 жыл бұрын
Great presentation and explanation. Thanks!
@accountant1653
2 жыл бұрын
Thank you Leo, this is a great job and a very interesting video.
@EdwardKilner
Жыл бұрын
Subscribed. Very nice video. It’s been decades since this old EE did anything with circuitry. Nice commentary on $2 op amp. Can you imagine the cost of building that from discrete components?
@ovalwingnut
3 жыл бұрын
Oh no!. washers? Don't give China any ideas. Super explanation on a very COoL mini project. Inspiring! Thank you.
@steffspinner2436
Жыл бұрын
very useful bag!
@freeenergytransformer5842
2 жыл бұрын
When you need to measure a current and don't have a current transformer, there are a few ways to make one. One way is to use some common household items. For this example, we will use two washers. Take one of the washers and bend it into a loop. The hole in the middle of the washer should be facing downwards. Take the other washer and do the same thing, but make sure that the loops are facing in opposite directions (one clockwise and one counter-clockwise). Now, take some wire (preferably with insulation) and twist it around each of the loops a few times. Make sure that there is enough wire so that you can connect it to your voltmeter or other device.
@DavidSmith-zx7wz
4 жыл бұрын
Excellent, keep them coming! Thanks
@halisidrysdale
2 жыл бұрын
Another fantastic video, thank you.
@amirb715
4 жыл бұрын
another excellent video with great explanations. nice job
@derekbrn
4 жыл бұрын
very instructive video - thanks!
@MrMilarepa108
2 жыл бұрын
I was today years old when I learned how to wind a transformer like that.
@na5b
4 жыл бұрын
I might build one. Thank you.
@Mikey42287
3 жыл бұрын
Thank you. This is very useful information.
@Javiercovarr
Ай бұрын
Very interesting video Im triying to make one so that I can read it with an Arduino will you ever make a video explaing something like this?
@vobinhthu5299
3 жыл бұрын
This project is very good!
@edgeeffect
2 жыл бұрын
I did a bit of weaving when I was a kid. Why did I never think of using a shuttle for winding toroids?... Nice one!
@englishrupe01
2 жыл бұрын
100% agree......love the idea.
@MyProjectBoxChannel
2 жыл бұрын
Just a layer of clear lacquer or paint is probably enough insulation to prevent eddy currents. Sometimes the oxides on the metal is enough.
@juntendo6104
3 жыл бұрын
Amazing explation really learned a lot from it!
@horse433
Жыл бұрын
Cool well done vid
@reeteshborpatragohain6774
2 жыл бұрын
Really loved the video. Can you please help me with constructing a 'Rogowski coil'.
@AB-yu2tj
Жыл бұрын
Thank you.
@The_Weeezard
2 жыл бұрын
It's missing a LED indicator!
@6p1p
Жыл бұрын
741 op-amp no working is due to the op-amp require negative voltage due to the constant current in the differential amplifier inside.. some old op-amp cant work at both input voltage close to the Vee, at least 4-5V above the Vee .
@yousaftoki1599
2 жыл бұрын
Amazing knowledge Sir..
@user-mr3mf8lo7y
Жыл бұрын
Love it. What they say: learn from other's mistakes because it is free. Your's could be costly. Saving a buck on an OpAmp (or anything else) could cost you days of stress. Cheers,.
@fabientuizat1129
2 жыл бұрын
tres bien merci
@augustinchenault9981
2 жыл бұрын
I thought virtual ground referred to a point in a circuit that is at 0V but is not connected to ground. Wouldn’t your set up just be like a floated DC operating point?
@leosbagoftricks3732
2 жыл бұрын
Ground is a deep subject. Virtual Ground can be anything you want it to be, chosen to give you the behavior you need.
@Scyth3934
2 жыл бұрын
What's the difference between a current transformer and a normal transformer? I can't find anything online
@TheUnofficialMaker
10 ай бұрын
its a one turn primary transformer, the wire passing through.
@jenkatan7113
4 жыл бұрын
really useful!
@enesyuce0
10 ай бұрын
Hello Leo, quick question. Is it possible to supply power of opamps from secondary output of current transformer?
@leofernekes343
10 ай бұрын
Not this one!
@RussellTeapot
Жыл бұрын
1:10 mmmh... forbidden pineapple slice
@Dragonrider616
2 жыл бұрын
Great video with a lot of useful tips. That wrapping tool for instance, would work perfectly for the ferrite type toroidal cores that I use somewhat frequently.
@ElectronicElevation
2 жыл бұрын
God damn this is amazing!
@tobiaskarl4939
Жыл бұрын
Nice project very interesting. Where can I buy it ?
@larrybud
Жыл бұрын
You can buy all the parts to build it yourself at digikey and other parts suppliers.
@MimeoTn
3 жыл бұрын
hi sir. im come from vietnam, and my english is not so good :(( i have a CT Andeli MSQ-30 100/5A, can i use this circuit with my ct ? reply me soon . Thanks you
@leosbagoftricks3732
3 жыл бұрын
Yes- as long as you select the correct burden resistor value.
@MimeoTn
3 жыл бұрын
@@leosbagoftricks3732 thanks you sir. Cảm ơn ngài rất nhiều (´∩。• ᵕ •。∩`)
@jamesmasonic
Жыл бұрын
Hello Im wondering one thing. Why didnt you use that virtual ground as the only shared ground of the entire system? In that case, you wouldn't need the diff amplifier stage. (I thought you used that diff amplifier to eliminate common mode interference btw.)
@leosbagoftricks3732
Жыл бұрын
Because the output is referenced to the power supply ground. You cannot connect the two - they are at different voltages.
@adrianvonino2574
2 жыл бұрын
I would be very grateful if you could explain the need for C1 and C5 capacitors, that's all i don't understand. Thanks 🙏
@leosbagoftricks3732
2 жыл бұрын
Those capacitors are there to reduce the bandwidth of the circuit, to limit the high frequency noise.
@robertonunez6626
Жыл бұрын
This is my last semester as an EE and was fortunate enough to obtain a job as an Electrical field coordinator but it is not what I want to do. Should I build up my resume with electronic projects and then keep applying?
@leofernekes343
Жыл бұрын
Always! I would always hire the guy that can show that they can actually build and work with real stuff over some guy with just good grades.
@robertonunez6626
Жыл бұрын
@@leofernekes343 Your comment just motivated me to start applying what I’ve learned and build it. I plan on starting with simple ones like amplifiers, boost and bucks. Thank you!!
@NotMarkKnopfler
3 жыл бұрын
This is fantastic. Any advice on selecting a burden resistor value? I'm using a 15:1 CT. Any tips greatly appreciated.
@leosbagoftricks3732
3 жыл бұрын
Look up the data sheet for the CT, they typically recommend a value.
@lennym1636
Жыл бұрын
1 You didn't show us it working, how do we know it actually works? 2 Couldn't you use a bridge rectifier to change from AC to DC easier?
@user-jb4us8ib3m
2 жыл бұрын
Hello Thank you for making this probe. I wanted to know how many Hz is the frequency response of this probe and how much current it senses as well as how much frequency it can operate.
@marka1986
2 жыл бұрын
Probably just line frequency and a bit above.
@perwestermark8920
2 жыл бұрын
It can't really handle very evil distorted currents with big crest factors since the AC->DC will fill the capacitor to the peak voltage and not care about the RMS value. But to some part, that transformer may help a bit working as a low-pass filter. Maybe I should build one and experiment a bit to see how much it's affected by either current with overtones or the extreme pulsed currents at voltage crests from equipment with just rectifier+capacitor, where all current is drawn at peak voltage to fill the capacitor and then the device lives on the capacitor until next crest. One way to get further is to use a microcontroller and not rectify but to instead sample the AC at 50-100 kHz (most microcontrollers have 10-12-bit ADC capable of such sampling rates). You get the resolution limit from the ADC and the crest factor limitation from the bandwidth the home-made transformer manages to handle.
@jamesbrown99991
3 жыл бұрын
The phase shift between the current and the output of the opamp will be caused by the transformer being a transformer, not because it's crappy. The output of the transformer will be the derivative of the input, no? EDIT: referring to 7:00
@leosbagoftricks3732
3 жыл бұрын
I have puzzled over this, a standard proper current transformer has negligible phase shift between the primary and secondary windings. My washer transformer has very low inductance, the reactance of the primary is probably lower than the 1 ohm burden resistor "seen' by the primary (100:1 turns ratio = 10,000:1 impedance ratio) which looks like 0.1 milliohms. Most of the current entering the primary is taken through the magnetization inductance, this is also why the output voltage is so low. It's a really terrible transformer.
@kreynolds1123
3 жыл бұрын
@@leosbagoftricks3732 racking my brains over the phase shift cause. Are you saying current phase in primary and secondary coils should align? I think that's how it goes. But, a full 90 degree phase shift vs anything else is a little strange. you point out that channel 4 measurement was a current measurement. 6:58 The secondary measurement was a voltage that developed across the resistor due to current × ohms. and while the voltage and current are in phase with a resistor, there is 90 degree differences between current and voltage phase in an inductor.
@madly1nl0v3
2 жыл бұрын
Can 90 degree phase shift be from ICE and ELI properties?
@shaneerandall
2 жыл бұрын
When you measure the output from the CT are you using ingredients a CT probe attachment to measure it as a current or are you using a probe and measuring as a potential reference. I believe this would make a difference. A full 90 degree shift implies an entirely inducti e circuit with no capacitive or inductive elements involved. I work with transmission protective relaying and use and Arbiter phase angle meter to check secondary load angles from instrument transformers a d would use a CT or Amprobe like attachment to check the ant CT secondaries and a straight meter lead to check potentials against it. It's all about your point of reference though. Cool experiment!
@josephfriedli6706
3 жыл бұрын
Awesome Video! I am attempting something similar but using a ferrite bead instead of washers. Is there any reason to use 30 AWG wire over thicker wire. I've been using 24 AWG wire to no avail and it is not quit as form fitting as the thinner wire.
@leosbagoftricks3732
3 жыл бұрын
Be careful with 'random' ferrite materials, those designed for RFI suppression are very lossy and not suitable.
@BjornV78
2 жыл бұрын
2:08 Was that 1A passing through the primary (red wire) ?
@larrybud
Жыл бұрын
I think you're right. The meter is reading 100 microamps.
@qzorn4440
2 жыл бұрын
can you simulate this current transformer into LTspice to get even more how to information? 😎 thanks
@user-ri8ll7vp9c
2 жыл бұрын
Sorry for stupid question, but can I use two lm358 instead? Need measure 50hz current.
@leosbagoftricks3732
2 жыл бұрын
No -it will not work with those opamps
@perwestermark8920
2 жыл бұрын
The 0-5V output signal from a device powered by 5V means a need for rail-to-rail operation of the OpAmp.
@matambale
2 жыл бұрын
"Just kinda because" -> "Dadsplaining". Works.
@xsirfr1958
3 жыл бұрын
Leo, what are those tubes in the background?
@perwestermark8920
2 жыл бұрын
Looks line something that blows air and makes ping-pong balls hover in the tubes. But I'm curious too.
@omorganlabs
3 жыл бұрын
I will use this ! I will call it the "Leo Torroid" BUT I will use electrical tape
@fumiolisocarrat2957
2 жыл бұрын
Parece interesante, lástima que no se le entienda nada, podría poner subtítulos en español?
@hydroautomation183
4 жыл бұрын
You are a great
@derrickpro4105
3 жыл бұрын
What is the value of your burden resistor you used here?
@gceclifton
3 жыл бұрын
In the description, he has a link to a page with the schematics as a PDF download. On there, it's listed as "100"
@jeankarlpopper8551
4 жыл бұрын
How many ampere can we measure ?
@derrickpro4105
3 жыл бұрын
Since he winded a100 turns on the sec it may be a 100:1 based on even the wire guage he used on da sec ofcos
@arvindh13
3 жыл бұрын
@@derrickpro4105 I guess it may be 5-10k, and did he wind a secondary?, he has it in his circuit, but i don''t see in the washer transformer? do u have any idea?
@kreynolds1123
3 жыл бұрын
@@arvindh13 One can see he starts winding 100 turns at 1:22. At 2:05 he performs the first test of the transformer. And as you seen in the circuit, the washer transformer is symbolized by the current transformer in in the upper left of the diagram at 6:06.
@madly1nl0v3
2 жыл бұрын
The potentiometer at output is to calibrate Full scale reading. Output of transformer is AC volt; we can use a voltage divider for range settings. ( Nice video. I've been looking for similar circuit, and plan to use ferrite core, then measure directly from transformer output. Thank you for the video. (Y) )
@perwestermark8920
2 жыл бұрын
@@arvindh13 It was the secondary coil he winded. The primary is the single power wire through the hole.
@SantoshBhagwat1976
3 жыл бұрын
Hi dear, can we use LM324 instade of MCP6024, please reply i am waiting for. Thanks in advance. Santosh B.
@leosbagoftricks3732
3 жыл бұрын
No, the LM324 does not operate well near zero volts, it will give poor performance.
@SantoshBhagwat1976
3 жыл бұрын
@@leosbagoftricks3732 ok thanks dear.👍👍
@ihateemael
Жыл бұрын
@@leosbagoftricks3732 oh I thought its operation was supposed to include inputs down to zero V.
@leosbagoftricks3732
Жыл бұрын
@@ihateemael Read the data sheet for the LM324, the answer is "it sort of works down near ground"
@SureshKumar-nk2ok
3 жыл бұрын
sir what is magnetic wire used to wound
@leosbagoftricks3732
3 жыл бұрын
Insulated #30 AWG copper magnet wire- standard material.
@cosmefulanito5933
2 жыл бұрын
The circuit is too complicated without much sense. You only need to build a current transformer that when rectifying and filtering about 5V or more for the maximum current that we want to measure. Then that output is the one we use. In order not to damage any circuit connected to that output, we connect a 5.1V zener in parallel. We don't need any op amp.
@perwestermark8920
2 жыл бұрын
And how did you then plan to measure currents that produces a voltage below the forward loss of your rectifyer diodes? 🤔
@larrybud
Жыл бұрын
The whole point was to build a transformer using 3 washers and how to get a decent 5v out of it.
@t1d100
2 жыл бұрын
Kewl...
@wiktor1983
Жыл бұрын
1:00 I'ts not a joke.
@oryodad2379
2 жыл бұрын
You have just made it so complicated,lm358 is enough. After current transformer we need small resistor after that we create 2,5v virtual ground using two 10k resistor and op-amp as follower after that we can amplify signal 100 times after that take signal to Arduino or any microcontroller for measuring peak and make some calculation so that we don't need all that diodes and 4op-amo you are using in your video
@perwestermark8920
2 жыл бұрын
Ah - so replacing a few Op-Amp with a microcontroller makes it less complicated? You just made it a different way complicated.
@TheJavaSync
3 жыл бұрын
Can this circuit measure DC current?
@leosbagoftricks3732
3 жыл бұрын
NO! it's a transformer, it relies on changing magnetic fields.
@TheJavaSync
3 жыл бұрын
Thank You, Sir.. It will be amazing if You willing create one for us someday I loved your vids
@ATLTraveler
Жыл бұрын
Ahh nothing like spending 17 days making and winding my own inductor to save 12 cents... just joking :)
@dibbafaad4812
3 жыл бұрын
Lm741 ic was not working on your circuit because 741 ic is of dual supply and your circuit on single supply so dual supply op amp not works on single supply
@Shrek_Has_Covid19
2 жыл бұрын
1:00 me when your mom
@dibbafaad4812
3 жыл бұрын
That is not matter thing is cheaper or expensive if you couple worlds most cheap op amp lm324 it will definitely work
@leosbagoftricks3732
3 жыл бұрын
Yes- but it will work BETTER with a better opamp - the LM324 is 46 years old, think about that for a second. Why not use better modern parts?
@leosbagoftricks3732
Жыл бұрын
@@ihateemael This is KZitem!
@larrybud
Жыл бұрын
@@ihateemael because the fun of it was to make a working usable transformer out of 3 cent washers.
@chrismathewsjr
Жыл бұрын
(no jokes please)
@blacquejacqueshellaque6373
Жыл бұрын
Not because you said so, because physics said so, or Mother Nature said so, or God said so, pick your deity.
@bruceblosser384
2 жыл бұрын
Just in case anyone thinks that they could use a stack of washers as a kind of regular toroid transformer... There is a not so slight problem with using solid hunks of metal! It is called Hysteresis, and magnetic reflux, which cause heat, and power loss. These problems are both quite a bit smaller in regular toroid cores, due to the fact that both the iron type and the ferrite type of cores use materials that are composed of powdered items, which are glued into a solid form.
@samsami1130
3 жыл бұрын
many thanks dear, great video,, i hope you can do something about the shunt resistor and an OP amp, to make a current monitor or current limiter, specially if we can read that current using a 7 segment display.
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