Mechanism of Infection and Inflammation
Infection and inflammation are complex processes that involve the body's immune response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants [𝟏]. Here's a breakdown of the mechanisms involved:
Infection:
Infection refers to the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, leading to an immune response. The body's response to infection involves various mechanisms, including the activation of white blood cells and the production of specialized pro-resolving mediators that help decrease the impact of infection. Non-infectious inflammation can also be a cause of human disease and is a common occurrence.
Inflammation:
Inflammation is the body's response to harmful stimuli and is a defense mechanism that evolved to protect against infection and promote healing [𝟐]. The process involves the activation of white blood cells and the release of various substances that protect the body from outside invaders [𝟑]. Inflammation is initiated in the peripheral blood vessels, which become permeable to plasma proteins and immune cells that leave the bloodstream [𝟒]. Acute inflammation is triggered by injury, infection, or exposure to substances and presents itself as pain, redness, swelling, loss of function, and heat [𝟓].
During inflammation, macrophages play a crucial role by presenting antigens, undergoing phagocytosis, and modulating the immune response through the production of cytokines and growth factors [𝟔].
In summary, infection and inflammation involve a of white blood cells, the production of specialized mediators, and the modulation of the immune response through the release of various substances.
If you have any specific questions about the mechanisms of infection and inflammation or would like to delve deeper into any aspect, feel free to
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