Mumps: Symptoms, Causes, Treatments and Complications
Mumps is a contagious viral infection that causes the swelling of one or more of the salivary glands primarily affecting the parotid salivary glands. It is also known as viral parotitis.
What causes mumps?
Mumps is caused by Rubulavirus which is RNA virus that is within the genus Paramyxovirus and it is a member of the family Paramyxoviridae. It is also called the mumps virus.
Risk Factors for Mumps;
• Unvaccinated individuals.
• International tourists.
• Pregnant women.
• Living in overcrowded places.
• People living in epidemic areas.
Symptoms of Mumps
Flu like symptoms ;
• Fever (up to 103°F).
• Fatigue.
• Lack of appetite.
• Muscle pain.
• Parotid swelling.
• Submandibular and sublingual salivary glands enlargement.
Diagnosis of Mumps:
Blood, urine & saliva samples - to confirm the diagnosis
Serology;
• The presence of IgG - past exposure & possible immunity
• Rise in IgG titre more than 4 times from acute to convalescent serum indicates recent infection
• Presence of IgM - recent infection
• IgM is present in 100% patients by day 5
Complications of Mumps;
• Orchitis with painful and tender testis.
• Oophoritis in girls and women.
• Pancreatitis.
• Aseptic meningitis or meningoencephalitis.
• Unilateral sensorineural hearing loss.
• Thyroiditis.
• Myocarditis.
• Nephritis.
• Arthritis.
Treatment of Mumps:
Conservative Measures;
• Taking enough fluids to keep hydrated.
• Bedrest.
• Cold or hot compresses over the parotid area (swollen area) to relieve pain.
• Analgesics & antipyretics can be prescribed.
• Aspirin containing medications should be avoided.
• Avoid food which encourages salivary flow - acid foods, fruit juices and spicy foods.
• Patients are advised to eat soft or liquid foods as chewing may aggravate the pain
• Most people recover from mumps within two weeks
How to Prevent Mumps;
• Avoid sharing utensils and drinks.
• Cover your mouth when sneezing or coughing.
• Practice good hand hygiene practices.
• Clean & disinfect surfaces.
• Infants - immunization can be given by MMR (Mumps, Measles, Rubella) vaccine at the age of 15 months.
• Older children, adolescents & adults not protected by MMR should receive monoclonal mumps or MMR vaccine.
This video will help those with the following questions:
• Mumps swelling
• Causes of mumps
• Mumps virus
• Mumps disease
• Mumps symptoms
• Mumps treatment
• Paramyxovirus
• Parotid gland
#mumps #mumpstreatment #mumpssymptoms #viralparotitis #mumpsvirus #mumpscauses #Rubulavirus #salivaryglandsinfection #Paramyxovirus #Paramyxoviridae #RNAvirus
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