In my channel Asha Latha Kothapalli @biologyintelugu I am adding a new video on Nitrogen Cycle in Telugu for class 9.
The Nitrogen Cycle is an important part of the ecosystem. Air contains 78% of Nitrogen. Nitrogen is an essential element for the living organisms. Even though air contains abundant nitrogen, plants and animals can not use it directly. They can use when nitrogen is converted into Ammonia, nitrites or nitrates. This conversion can be done by the microorganisms like bacteria and blue green algae.
In nature nitrogen combines with oxygen when thunderstorms occur and forms nitric oxide. This nitric oxide reaches the soil when it is dissolved in rain water as nitrates. Soil bacteria like Azotobacter and symbiotic bacteria Rhizobia have a special enzyme nitrogenase which converts Nitrogen into nitrogen compounds like ammonia,nitrates and nitrates. Fixing of atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compounds is called Nitrogen fixation. In this way nitrogen is available to plants.
Plants absorb nitrogen compounds through their roots and use these compounds to produce carbon compounds like proteins and nucleic acids. Nitrogen is essential for chlorophyll production. Heterotrophic animals can get these nitrogen compounds by consuming plants. Again nitrogen assimilation takes place in these animals. In this way by Nitrogen fixation and Assimilation atmospheric nitrogen reaches to the plants and animals.
When these plants and animals die and decompose by Saprophytic bacteria and fungi and convert nitrogen compounds into Ammonia. This formation of ammonia is called Ammonification. The released Ammonia is available to the plants. Excrete of animals are organic nitrogen compounds. These compounds also undergo Ammonification.
Nitrosomonas bacteria in the soil converts ammonia into Nitrites and nitrobacter converts nitrites into nitrates. This process is called Nitrification. Now Nitrogen compounds like ammonia,nitrites and nitrates are available to the plants.
Soil bacteria like Pseudomonas and clostridium are anaerobic bacteria. These bacteria to get energy decompose Nitrates to Nitrogen.Nitrogen reaches back to the atmosphere . This process is called Denitrification.
This whole process explains the nitrogen cycle on the land ecosystem. The same process is also goes on in the marine ecosystem. Only difference is the decomposed nitrogen compounds formed as sedimentary rocks. When these rocks erosion occurs Nitrogen reaches the atmosphere.
Man interference with the nitrogen cycle leads to acid rain,Eutrophication. By producing ammonia in Haber and Bosch increases the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere leading to these effects. When underground water is polluted with nitrates causes Methemoglobinemia or blue baby syndrome.
Lastly I explained about the fact of intake of nitrogen fumes food.
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