Hey folks as I said in the video I messed up on the psi at depth: it’s 5700 psi not 57,000! 😂 My bad: I don’t deal with imperial measurements very often so my spidey sense didn’t go off til I was editing the video. My apologies!
@pedroteixeira4369
Жыл бұрын
They most likely did explode. The explosion occurred immediately after the implosion. The pressure vessel would have acted as a diesel cylinder and the uncompressible incoming water as the piston. So the water pressurizes the content of the pressure vessel that has essentially air with oxygen, and hydrocarbons ( fat from five persons ) to a point where they will self combust, creating an explosion. it can be visualized as water compressing down the contents of the interior of the pressure vessel all around to a minuscule dot, that then suddenly explodes when it combusts.
@_pianoN_
Жыл бұрын
well on a positive note, you clearly watch your videos before you post them and recognise your mistakes. that is a very rare thing for content creators on youtube.
@douglasmoore5078
Жыл бұрын
@@pedroteixeira4369 I agree then you are jello, contributing to the food chain way down!
@lynguy8824
Жыл бұрын
👍 the point still stands
@hizacaine
Жыл бұрын
What could possibly go wrong with a little math error? Add some janky engineering. Hmmm
@kavehnez
Жыл бұрын
I never believed that in 20 minutes I could understand the relationship between the pressure of gases and fluids as well as the reaction of the human body in such a beautiful and conceptual way.
@DrKnowitallKnows
Жыл бұрын
Thank you. I know production quality wasn't the best because I was traveling but I tried to break it down well and really appreciate the compliment!
@mhern57
Жыл бұрын
@@DrKnowitallKnows Dear Dr. Since you are explaining things clearly and scientifically as best you can, I'm a little surprised that you would choose to round up instead of simply saying what the pressure actually is. 14.7. At least to begin with. And then to make it easier say, or about 15 pounds
@michaelcrosby7023
Жыл бұрын
I remember a Myth Busters episode where they put a human body equivalent into a deep sea diver suit to prove/disprove a myth that a diver could be compressed into his helmet. I forget the depth, but it didn't seem all that deep... Sure enough, when they cut the air hose providing air and counter-pressure, the dummy's body was shoved all the way up into it's helmet!... Was an eye-opener-- The awesome forces at play!
@1dash133
Жыл бұрын
That was a case of dissimilar pressures. Pressure in the helmet was basically ambient atmospheric pressure. Pressure on the suit was whatever depth they were at. The pressure on the suit forced the meat up into the helmet. They could just as well have done the experiment in a lab, high pressure vessel to low pressure vessel, with the same results.
@paulbarrow8631
Жыл бұрын
In long past "hard hat" diving, back in the "olden days" - using the copper helmet connected to the suit via the corselet, making the helmet and suit all one pressure vessel, a rupture of the air supply hose on the surface, or much shallower than the diver would cause a catastrophic loss of pressure in the 'system'. The suit, being relatively flexible would collapse and the helmet, being rigid, obviously wouldn't, leading to the "contents" of the suit being rammed into the helmet. In those days it was known as a "cupping glass blow".
@RiffMusic1970
Жыл бұрын
How did I miss that one?!
@andya857
Жыл бұрын
And there are fish that that live deep. .Amazing ..🐙
@FollowerOfYeshua1974
Жыл бұрын
@@andya857God created the fish for that environment.
@ay29875
Жыл бұрын
There is an interview that James Cameron did that says their community (submersible community) was told that the Titan dropped its weights and tried to signal to the mother ship that there was an emergency. If thats the case..they may not have felt the actual implosion but they definitely knew something was about to happen which makes it even more sad because the thought of knowing you are about to die..i can only imagine the anxiety panic and fear. The whole situation is sadly terrible and seems like something from a movie.
@wormhole331
Жыл бұрын
I'm sure that thing delaminated like crazy before imploding. They heard that going on and tried to go up. I can't imigine how scary that would be hearing the sub starting to give.
@fredharvey2720
Жыл бұрын
@@wormhole331or the window giving out
@clarkscarborough959
Жыл бұрын
It was reported that Stockton Rush heard creaking noises coming from the frame (I wonder which part of the frame?) and dropped the ballast. But it probably wasn't many seconds after that that it imploded. The black box would tell more, but too bad we won't have a video of where Rush looked after the sounds occurred. The remains of the carbon fiber-to-titanium connection may have shattered so badly that the NTSB will never be able to show us the actual spot at which failure occurred.
@kawikajones9436
Жыл бұрын
@@clarkscarborough959 there was no black box on that sub
@soots-stayingoutofthespotl5495
Жыл бұрын
Well, in response to ay's concern and knowing what we do about the man, if he was actually working to try and get the sub back up to the surface for a number of minutes, I can't help feeling that Rush (through his own delusion and self-belief) would likely have stayed calm and reassured the occupants of the Titan that all was going to be fine. That would have been the only saving grace to the situation quite frankly, aside from a quick death perhaps, but obviously if it wasn't for the former (mindset) we wouldn't have had the latter.
@keithb7981
Жыл бұрын
I posted a little while ago or I should say re-posted an interview on this subject with James Cameron of film legend including aliens,, abyss, Titanic. People don't generally no but James Cameron is an engineer by training and he had a great deal input on some of the early Mars rovers, he designed and had constructed his own submersible which he then took to the bottom of the Mariana trench it over 35,000 ft. I would recommend anyone that's interested in what happened to this submersible based on what is known at the to watch the interview with James Cameron.
@singularity4049
Жыл бұрын
James Cameron said they will have heard creaking and will have known what’s coming next. How terrifying that moment would have been for them? Granted they will not have known any pain when it happened, but the dread of knowing what’s coming is still terrifying.
@RobCLynch
Жыл бұрын
@@singularity4049I've thought about this and I have convinced myself that Stockton Rush and the French pilot guy would have known the danger, but I don't think they would have shared it, as they would have been busy attempting an emergency ascent procedure. Yes there may have been some anxiety, a bit like when we experience turbulence on a plane for the first time, but I think the two guys mentioned wouldn't have had time to explain the details. And of course, I think we all agree that the actual implosion would have happened so quickly that nobody would have known what hit them. Ultimately, I personally have a slight relief that it wasn't the other scenario...that they were trapped in a tube on the bottom of the ocean, with oxygen running out!
@artnull13
Жыл бұрын
Damn shame he can’t write a good story though.
@bryonymellett7417
Жыл бұрын
Thank you!! The media questions about recovery of the bodies did my head it. It's a horrible situation which shouldn't have happened but the instantaneous nature of it is a blessing to the passengers.
@rickkay9548
Жыл бұрын
Since carbon fiber is more for tensile strength than compressive, it would be dumb for a submersible
@davidadams3669
Жыл бұрын
Solid truth. The only strength under compression would be the epoxy. Now the real question is, who's stupid...yes stupid, idea was it?
@CR-wk2re
Жыл бұрын
@@davidadams3669it was Stockton Rush's idea. There's plenty of footage if him talking about the carbon fiber hull and how proud he is of it.
@gingernutpreacher
Жыл бұрын
@kingfuqurmahmen6792I think he means to stop them breaking off samples
@otenow2865
Жыл бұрын
@,-,@
@TheRoosje1964
11 ай бұрын
Agree. It should be banned and prohibited. Well said. 🫡
@jameshoffman552
Жыл бұрын
Great summary of pressure differences as you ascend into the atmosphere and descend into the ocean.
@cloudberry27
Жыл бұрын
Yes and anyone with a half decent education already knew that. But his cavalier attitude to that people actually died and he seems like this is a pig out picnic to him is absolutely vile.
@salvadorcoling8403
Жыл бұрын
Regardless of your mistakes, you have opened up my mind. Knowing physic, I can relate to your explanations and images that those five individuals did not suffered at all. And this incident should have not happened had the Oceangate builder knows science completely.
@kelvinbarber1765
Жыл бұрын
When u r rich, u think u know it all.
@randomadvice2487
Жыл бұрын
Thank you… I wouldn’t want to hear this from any other ‘know it all’. Respectfully added. Great breakdown and summary.
@formytots0128
Жыл бұрын
Thanks Dr Gibbs for this informative video. Glad to hear that the Titan passengers didn't have to suffer like getting stranded and the oxygen runs out.
@vinnylamoureux1187
Жыл бұрын
The very first message from the Coast Guard said that there was an accident from "water column implosion". A perfect, but graphic explanation. Later releases removed the words water column since few people knew what it meant and perhaps also for the comfort of the families.
@sahhull
Жыл бұрын
Or. Dumbed down the statement for the American audience.
@fredharvey2720
Жыл бұрын
The media have gone out of their way to avoid explaining what happened to their bodies
@sahhull
Жыл бұрын
@@fredharvey2720 You need an explanation. Meaning you cannot imagine for yourself what would happen to a body when it's exposed to that amount of pressure, that quickly
@cremebrulee4759
Жыл бұрын
@@fredharvey2720something that graphic would be very upsetting to many people. And certainly the families of the victims don't need to hear that.
@wallykramer7566
Жыл бұрын
I am an experienced scuba diver (2000+ hours underwater). This is a reasonably accurate summary. However, your description leaves the impression that their bodies were compressed like down to nothing. Most of the body is water (which is barely compressible) and so those portions don't get compressed much. So there _are_ remains to find and they are normally proportioned except in the lungs and inner ears which are compressed. A sad story for the participants and their loved ones.
@pnketia
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for your explanation. I was wondering if there would be anything left of their bodies like bone fragments or clothing?
@forfun6273
Жыл бұрын
You know there’s also cavitation explosions. Like the oxygen in your lungs isn’t just going to crush down. It’s going to ignite and vaporize. So the air in your body and the submersible is going to explode violently and it may do it multiple times. So yeah I don’t believe there’s going to be much left. I was saying I would love to put a dead pig in a acrylic pressure chamber and bring it down a few thousand meters and then use a shape charge or something to weaken it causing an implosion and yeah having a high speed camera to catch it.
@dogfaceponysoldier
Жыл бұрын
That's not what happens in an implosion
@juggernaut316
Жыл бұрын
Cavitation
@suserman7775
Жыл бұрын
@pnketia of course there will. Teeth. Bones. Metal rings, fillings, etc. Don't listen to this video's author. He jumbles random thoughts without a methodical, careful way of thinking.
@Imw101
Жыл бұрын
When I did my diving course they told me a true story of how a scuba diver offered his regulator to a snorkel diver about 10 feet down. The snorkeler took a breath, held it, surfaced and died when his lungs over expanded.
@wilfredvanvalkenburgh2874
Жыл бұрын
Likely from a air embolism.. Air pressure can be forced into the blood stream. When the air bubble hits the brain, the brain stops working. Similar things can happen to the body, including the brain, when dissolved nitrogen is released from too rapid decompression. Then it's called "the Bends'". Learn before diving.
@pedroteixeira4369
Жыл бұрын
They most likely did explode. The explosion occurred immediately after the implosion. The pressure vessel would have acted as a diesel cylinder and the uncompressible incoming water as the piston. So the water pressurizes the content of the pressure vessel that has essentially air with oxygen, and hydrocarbons ( fat from five persons ) to a point where they will self combust, creating an explosion. it can be visualized as water compressing down the contents of the interior of the pressure vessel all around to a minuscule dot, that then suddenly explodes when it combusts.
@edrogers9530
Жыл бұрын
I'd agree with that, When you compress air rapidly, It heats up. At those pressures, The speed of compression increases that much more rapidly. For a brief second, The air would exceed that of the sun until the water extinguished it. It would have tried to explode against the forces of water.
@taylorkerr4415
Жыл бұрын
Every action has an equal and opposing reaction. I think.
@YON_RO
Жыл бұрын
So like when the cavity made by a bullet in ballistic gel collapses on itself and generates another little explosion
@mikestanmore2614
Жыл бұрын
Yes, Gay-Lussac's law.
@jimschutz
Жыл бұрын
This is an outstanding explanation of why the structure blew apart instead of crushed.
@bru512
Жыл бұрын
John. Accurate assessment. I know it only would have lasted for a millisecond, but the air would have become super hot as it got compressed. Scott Manley estimated that the amount of energy released during the collapse would have been the equivalent of the explosion 50kg of TNT! Incredible.
@fredbloggs5902
Жыл бұрын
Early steam engines operated off atmospheric pressure. The steam was used to drive the air out of a cylinder and then cooled to make it condense back into water and create a vacuum in the cylinder.
@peanutbutterisfu
Жыл бұрын
5:43 ur close but you don’t want a cylinder going that deep you want a sphere because a sphere/circle pressure is distributed evenly. When you have a cylinder there are more loads u have a load pushing on the cylinder then a load from the end caps pushing into it so by design there are 2 loads again that’s why you want a sphere so you have one load
@maryalove5534
Жыл бұрын
Especially one that should never have been in the water!!!!! ... 😢 It's so tragic!!!!! ... 😢
@whoever6458
Жыл бұрын
Very informative video! Thank you! I've never done SCUBA diving but I've put on an SCBA quite a number of times since I was in the fire department when I was younger. We never learned any of the stuff about the regulator increasing the amount of air based on pressure but we were working basically at or around atmospheric pressure so I wonder if the regulators we had were ever capable of changing the amount of air in the same way as the ones designed for when you have the U in the mix. My gut tells me that they still might do that but only because when I was in fire academy, there was only one other woman who made it through the entire academy and we ended up teaming up on this exercise where you'd crawl into this box maze and have to find your way out through feel alone because they made it so that no light got into that maze at all. The hard part wasn't finding your way out as much as it was doing so before the air in your SCBA ran out. Of all the two person teams who went into that maze, the other woman and I were literally the only ones who got out with air still in our SCBA bottles and we always came out with more than half our bottles left, whereas all the guys ran out before escaping the maze. We thought it was so much fun that we did the maze several times and never went below half a bottle. I think it had to do with not panicking because, while many of the guys were bigger people than we were, there were plenty of guys in our academy who were the same size (and even a couple of smaller guys) who still couldn't make it through the maze without running out of air. If it had only been the people our size and smaller to make it through with air, I would think that the regulator was changing the amount of air based on our lung capacity but we were literally the only ones who could make it through. It might still have been the regulator delivering more air to the others but I think probably the best way to explain this would be that they panicked in there where they were in an enclosed space in perfect darkness. I'm claustrophobic but it turns out that I don't feel that way when I can't see that I'm in such an enclosed space even when I can clearly feel that I am. Anyway, I just thought this was an interesting tidbit about what happens when you use a bottle but you don't go underwater with it.
@wilfredvanvalkenburgh2874
Жыл бұрын
In a maze, take the turns to the same side. All lefts or all rights. When you mix them up, confusion and panic ensues.
@rays2506
Жыл бұрын
380 bar x 14.7 psi/bar = 5586 psi, not 55,000 psi.
@gcauldwell
Жыл бұрын
Sounds right, because I was multiplying 15 psi by ~4000 to get 57000; But 1 bar vs 380 bar is more like 400, than 4000. So I predict the prof will concede the correction
@PlumSack79
Жыл бұрын
Invalid correction, he's saying 57000
@tech5298
Жыл бұрын
55 million billion There fixed it
@ianbetts4435
Жыл бұрын
It's a lot earlier way. If a tyre blows up in your face it would frobably kill you and that's about 30psi.
@ronniebuchanan6575
Жыл бұрын
@@ianbetts4435Possible but at 30 PSI would probably injur you maybe kill you. At 70 % probably kill you major explosion.
@topfuel29channel
Жыл бұрын
From what I understand the passengers of the titan sub were incinerated and turned to ash before any part of the sub or water reached them. Using Gay-Lussac's Law Calculator, air temperature would have reach 200,815 F.
@mrbuck5059
Жыл бұрын
Wow!! 200,000. Damn.
@webbtrekker534
Жыл бұрын
I was in the Submarine Service of the US Navy in the 1960's. During our training in Submarine School in Groton, CT we were taught how to make an emergency escape from a submarine. The figures we were taught was the pressure increased at 44 pounds per square inch per 100 feet of depth. So at 100 feet the pressure on your body was 44 PSI. Your description of what would happen to the human body was pretty much correct. The body would liquefy. We all knew this in the subs. It was a fact we all were aware of and lived with. The many things taught us would work in limited situations but in reality we knew that if something was to happen was to do the anatomically impossible and kiss our butts goodby! It was a great life on the boats and almost everyone of us loved the life and people we worked with. With our qualification training we knew we could count on one another and trust one another. Two songs that explain sub life the best: Big Black Submarine: kzitem.info/news/bejne/165jspudn2SFi5g ...and: Diesel Boats Forever: kzitem.info/news/bejne/2qWbn2l8jaWXn2U
@keithb7981
Жыл бұрын
You keep saying 57,000, you mean to be saying 5700 PSI. In seawater every foot of depth adds .445 PSI, in freshwater it's .432 PSI per foot of death. And of course you would then add 14.7 PSI for the pressure exerted by the atmosphere on the surface of the water. (Round off to .5 PSI times feet of sea water.)
@bdtang
Жыл бұрын
Takes away from his credibility
@macko-dad
Жыл бұрын
It must be hard for him to constantly convert the simple metric units to the idiotic imperial crap.
@bjs2022
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for the good/better sound this time. The only unknown is if there were mechanical noises (or, maybe just one noise) prior to the rapid compression. If the occupants heard that before they instantly died they might have suffered fear/anxiety for some unknown length of time.
@YKSGuy
Жыл бұрын
Based on information released by the US navy they heard a boom around the time of the initial descent, those random noses detected during the search where way after that and likely unrelated..
@JessiBear
Жыл бұрын
When carbon fiber fails it fails spectacularly. They were turned to jelly before their brains could process the event. The implosion released the energy of 50kg of TNT in 0.003 seconds.
@traveloasis8389
Жыл бұрын
According to Cha-GPT there are warning signs…creaking & pops, water intrusion, bulging of the window, sensors going off, etc. James Cameron said there were sensors in the hull of the vessel.
@straightup7up
Жыл бұрын
You forgot about the heat - compressing gas creates heat energy, and according to chatgpt, this implosion created the same energy equivalent to roughly 820lb of TNT confined to a small volume of space in that pressure vessel. The crew wasn't crushed - they were incinerated.
@adamoxen
Жыл бұрын
They were both crushed & then incinerated. The implosion itself lasts 3 milliseconds so everything takes place in like a super flash
@johnc2438
Жыл бұрын
Cooked goo!
@vicvega3614
Жыл бұрын
@@johnc2438 like taking a sledgehammer to a tube of toothpaste
@joannepanagopoulos2013
Жыл бұрын
Thank you for explaining what would of happened. I thought the bodies would be floating out there ,so sad what happened.
@jameshoffman552
Жыл бұрын
6:09 yes, there was some structurally weak element in this vehicle: the cylindrical carbon fiber wound middle component. Why they chose a tension material for a compression task is beyond me.
@vinnylamoureux1187
Жыл бұрын
Uh, stupidity? Or perhaps, failure to do research and listen to people who knew more than the designers did. Saving money is one thing. Thinking beyond the immediate challenge is another. Politicians are often guilty of this when they try to solve social problems.
@rpondyke2121
Жыл бұрын
That is my thought exactly. Carbon fiber is a great material tension. But compression? Makes no sense. Good reasons why submarines are made of thick walled steel.
@maxmanx1294
Жыл бұрын
Because Stockton Rush believed he knew more than everyone else. He bragged about breaking the rules & using CF. Carbon fiber's properties have been well-researched & documented for years. But Rush decided he knew more than was identified in those studies. At least he seemed to really believe it vs know better & send others down there while he was safely top side.
@Iazzaboyce
Жыл бұрын
Considering they were wanting people to pay $250K for a ride - you'd think they would make something and test it to twice the depth of Titanic.
@8alltime
Жыл бұрын
Anyone who knows anything about deep diving and carbon fiber components can answer that for you. Your comment shows ignorance about the topic.
@Vanadeo
Жыл бұрын
Wow, I never knew any of the info regarding scuba diving, very interesting and complex :O and just highlights how dangerous it is if you don't know what you're doing. Thanks for that.
@ericheine2414
Жыл бұрын
If there's a weak spot the pressure will find it and once it does it's all over.
@cyndhar4841
Жыл бұрын
I've wondered if they may have felt pressure in their ears shortly before the emplosion...and if they heard cracking noises inside the hull?
@erickrohn2970
Жыл бұрын
Yes im sure they heard cracking noises. In a interview of a guy that was in the Titan on his dive he had said the Titan is a death trap and he would never dive again in that Submersible. He spoke how the carbon fiber pressure hull made cracking noises on the dive. And was told this is normal because of the materials used to make the hull.
@annie-zn7bn
Жыл бұрын
Yes I am sure they heard something. Sad to say they new something. Unfortunately it was not instant no matter what people say. You're stupid if you think this was instant.. I am sure they hurt cracking noises or an alarm.
@lloydbishun9584
Жыл бұрын
They wouldn't hear anyting. This guy is talking about how they couldn't feel from their nerves to the brain!? Is faster than the flash at light speed. So when that cracking sound occurred, it probably won't travel to The ears normally slowly. Everything just folded at light speed...
@vicvega3614
Жыл бұрын
@@lloydbishun9584 well they dropped their weights and were headed up to the surface, they knew something was wrong, i bet they heard creaking and cracking, bolts and such, but the implosion was instant,.heres how i think it went: Censors in sides of submersible go off and some creaking sounds. Stockton Rush: "ok we are going to drop the weights and head up, dont be worried this happens all the ti.........." boom they're gone. Probably like 2 seconds
@lloydbishun9584
Жыл бұрын
@@vicvega3614 okay just so long as we think about it. If it's commonplace to have creaking sounds going on normal, in the midst of subbing... I would run for the hills from the beginning. How do they mlia secondly decide... Hey Captain... Sensors detect... Oh! It's a big woooosh!!! Meanwhile, any paper thin... Not able to make a sound Creak... Defect injury 🤕, could have folded the thing!?
@WSDFirm
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for helping me understand what happened and when the submersible imploded. I thought they could find remains easily, and now I know that’s unlikely.
@kdury9635
Жыл бұрын
Carbon fiber is strong in tension, but, if you put strong string in a matrix of peanut butter, ie epoxy, the compressive strength is tiny.
@ArthropodSpidey
Жыл бұрын
You don't need to be a genius to understand that they can't find the remains easily. The definition of implosion is enough.
@suserman7775
Жыл бұрын
Teeth aren't going to be completely disintegrated. They could help identify. Now if teeth are in the belly of a fish.......
@topfuel29channel
Жыл бұрын
The air temperature inside the sub went from say @70 F. to 200,000 F in (1) millionth of a second. They were vaporized to ash. It takes @(25) millionths of a second to react to feeling.
@po22etj3s_
Жыл бұрын
@@suserman7775 I don’t think finding teeth on the ocean floor is going to be easy.
@clarkscarborough959
Жыл бұрын
I was a structural engineer for 42 years. I am a certified SCUBA diver with NAUI and YMCA. I'm a certified single engine land pilot with an instrument rating, and I have taught aviation in two universities in Bangkok for 5 years. This video is great, however I think that all the reports of what happened ignore the carbon fiber reinforced polymer used, and the resin (glue) connection to the titanium end rings. In my opinion, this is the most likely area of failure. It is true that if you implode a 55 gallon drum, it fails in the manner which is demonstrated, but the material is continuous, and stress if transferred logically. So if you wanted to, you could model it. But Stockton Rush chose carbon fiber, which is used for fuselages (first being the B787) so he got the idea from that. It is also used on wings, but is applied at 90 degree angles back and forth to resist forces in many directions. With an airplane, the carbon fiber for the fuselage is terminated at the bulkheads, but the connection I think is very different than Rush uses. I think any structural engineer is spooked to see 5,600 psi of pressure and a suspect connection between the 5" carbon fiber tube "attached" to the titanium end rings with a resin (glue)! There are other possible failure points (the view port connection to the titanium door, and possibly the port at which the electrical wiring had to enter the cabin) but #1 is the connection of the tube to the titanium. If you look at what was pulled up from the bottom, it is very typical to see the clean shapes of the titanium rings (not distorted), but where is the tube? I think the tube may have shattered into pieces, or the resin which binds the carbon fibers failed, and by the way there are different types of resin and you need to use the right one, or the least bad one. One other thing: Originally I also thought that there would be no body parts, but thinking about this more, I'd say that there should be distorted body parts (cracked-up bones), with clothing particles (but loose carry-ons might have floated to the surface). I suspect they might find some teeth and maybe the jaws or partial jaws, but many of the teeth probably fell out of the remains of the sub, and disappeared into the surface mud. So when you said that it would implode, then bounce outward so that nothing of the bodies would be found is that part I disagree with. I think it would not rebound very far, against 380 bars--or 285 bars, if one report that it imploded at 3/4 the dept to the Titanic. I think having a SCUBA teacher is great to cover what you covered, but you also need a structural engineer, and the more experience he has with CFRP the better. Experience with fatigue failure also.
@therealmackypacky
Жыл бұрын
The Titan pressure vessel is made with fiber-carbon/titanium. No steel used in the cabin.
@stevenhill3136
Жыл бұрын
Hard to imagine 900 pounds of flesh and bone essentially just liquified. Do you believe the passengers bones and teeth aren’t at least partially intact?
@mailfraudvoter6620
Жыл бұрын
Nope not even the Logitech controller made it
@coraelizabethbrna439
Жыл бұрын
The femur can snap around 1700psi, they were around 6,000, so it doesn’t seem crazy at all
@stevenhill3136
Жыл бұрын
@@coraelizabethbrna439 Broken pieces of bone sure but again not liquified
@Andi_Doci
Жыл бұрын
Every time you said "you will kill yourself" or "it will kill you" when you were explaining the scuba diving portion, it reminded me of what rout was taken when developing scuba diving. Trial and error mostly, and that error was death!
@markbrowning9363
Жыл бұрын
Lack of Safety, Criminal negligence? there have been reports that they were told numerous times Titan was unsafe yet OceanGate refused to get an independent Safety Inspection.
@adamrak7560
Жыл бұрын
Is this _criminal_ negligence? They were working on international water, and all occupants signed a very _hefty_ waiver which referred to most of the potential problems. It is true that for most countries you cannot sign away all your rights (right to live), but in this case it seems debatable.
@yutakago1736
Жыл бұрын
The OceanGate management have the same mindset as former Boeing management that cause Boeing 737 MAX 8 MCAS disaster. Both disregard passenger safety for profits. They believe innovation means they need to break all the rules. Including safety rules.
@richardbell7678
Жыл бұрын
The weak points in the submersible's pressure hull were the joints between the main tube and the end caps. Given the magnitude of forces involved, EVERYTHING is a spring. All springs compress as their load increases. The end caps compress by reducing their diameter. The main tube is compressed by water pressure and forces on the end caps. The forces from the end caps compress the main tube by making it shorter. The water pressure compresses the main tube by reducing its diameter. The problem comes when the main tube and the end caps do not have their diameters reduced by the same amount for the same change in pressure. At the joint the spring that deforms more will transform load to the spring that deforms less. A contrived worked example: We have two springs. One has a rate of 1000 Newtons per centimeter and the other has a rate of 1200 Newtons per centimeter. We mount the springs side by side and connect the ends, so they must be compressed by the same amount and apply a 33 000 Newton load. If the springs were not connected and each spring carried half of the load (16 500 Newtons), the first spring compresses 16.5 cm and the second spring compresses 13.75 cm. The combined spring under the full load compresses 15 cm, but the first spring only carries 15 000 Newtons and the second spring carries 18 000 Newtons. The larger the disparity in spring rates, the worse the load redistribution becomes. This is why inhomogeneous pressure hulls are a bad idea. The stiffer component must be designed to not just resist water pressure, but the water pressure plus the loads transferred by more flexible components. Alternatively, the stiffer material section is designed to resist water pressure and the sections of more flexible material are designed to be as stiff as the other section
@Slimc74
Жыл бұрын
I believe Dr that the portal cracked after an electrical failure. It sank fast. And the ceo, because he didn't like being disturbed by the top ship while he was exploring 🙄 , eliminated voice communications. The portal wasn't tested at the depths of the titanic. The ceo said he was fast enough if the portal started to crack. The arrogance of that men
@ChrisAndCats
Жыл бұрын
I don't understand that thought at all! It takes 2 hours plus to dive to Titanic vs a millisecond for an implosion. How can he have thought that was even remotely possible!?
@traveloasis8389
Жыл бұрын
This wasn’t the 1st trip. It had been down there 4-5 times before. Repeated pressurizations weakened it.
@tarlison2k1
Жыл бұрын
its pride ...too much of it is never good couple it with green and now you have a disaster waiting to happen
@TrojansFirst
Жыл бұрын
@@traveloasis8389 He needed to replace the carbon fiber hull obviously.. But probably really expensive to do so.
@cloudberry27
Жыл бұрын
The ceo was a killer.
@archergirl8543
Жыл бұрын
Great video! this is by far the best explanation I’ve heard yet!! Thanks so much!!
@christophersparkes4155
Жыл бұрын
The title is a bit click bait. You just discussed how pressure works, not why the sub failed I was not looking for a science lecture. The sub obviously failed because of the carbon fiber, carbon fiber is not a compression material and did you see that they only used resin to make the join from carbon fiber to metal crazy idea to start with.
@fredbloggs5902
Жыл бұрын
The join between the cylinder and the end caps is in compression so whatever is used to join them is really just to stop them sliding when knocked.
@Mattwest1985
Жыл бұрын
Amazing video sir! It shows how smart people like you should be listened too and not ignored.
@axslinger99
Жыл бұрын
Funny you mentioned this...I once took a garden hose to the bottom of a 5' deep pool and I could NOT get a breath of air! After contemplating it, I realized, my lungs just weren't strong enough to displace that much water. A 25' swimming pool. In effect, I was trying to raise the water level of the pool by some finite amount.
@adamrak7560
Жыл бұрын
The air also heats up when compressed, because the outside is doing work on it! This means that the implosion should have been very luminous too, pushing the internal temperatures _far_ above white hot, for a brief moment. So they would have been cooked inside and outside, and crushed too. It has imploded maybe somewhere around the 2km depth. That is around 20MPa pressure! If I suppose that the internal volume of the sub was 10m^3, than this means around 100MJ energy is released! Most of the energy will turn into thermal energy of the shrinking air bubble.
@olgatrilogymartin3143
Жыл бұрын
You're intelligent!
@TheTeaParty320
Жыл бұрын
You’re are brave man to go scuba diving. I’m now so terrified my snorkel mask would implode the next time I go snorkelling, so I’ve given up on any water activities involving anything beneath the surface of the ocean. With that, I’m off for a holiday in Fiji this week where the only water activity I will partake would go no deeper than the depths of of the receptacle containing my gin and tonic cocktail.
@surajrajwani8773
Жыл бұрын
Lol 😂 Everything in life is a risk reward game. Experience makes you know what risk to take and what to not to
@Imw101
Жыл бұрын
Relax, You only need a mask to have an air space in front of your eyes so you can see clearly. The mask can never implode when snorkelling on the surface because surface snorkelling has no effect on air pressure. If you did dive down a few feet the expanded air simply would simply vent out through the gaps in the flexible rubber/silicon edge against your face,
@kerelistu
Жыл бұрын
@@Imw101 except the air in the mask compresses as you get deeper forcing the mask onto your face, to counteract this you blow air out your nose to equalise the mask. It's only as you go up that the air expands
@pilot8303
Жыл бұрын
I don’t like the ocean 🌊 we don’t know enough about it
@wilfredvanvalkenburgh2874
Жыл бұрын
@@surajrajwani8773 Death by mis-adventure is a real thing.
@ChasOnErie
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for you effort on explaining this .. but there are much much more clear paths to a good explanation … from a designer of 6000 to 10,000 psi products for the past 50 years .. also have done much work with vacuum down to 18”hg / 400torr…
@radarking9857
Жыл бұрын
It's crazy to think that at a pressure of 5,700 PSI, the force on a standard letter sized sheet of paper (8.5 x 11 in) would be about 533,000 lbs or the equivalent force of the mass of an empty Boeing 747 resting on that sheet of paper.
@jooptablet1727
Жыл бұрын
i learned something about scuba diving today!
@parkerposey8155
Жыл бұрын
It’s comforting to know they didn’t suffer or have terror. I’ve been having nightmares. And the boy!!!😢 I guess he didn’t want to go but wanted to be with his dad. He had so much life ahead of him.
@danawilliams2242
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for making it so understandable! Just last week I'm shopping for a simple dive watch. I guess 200-300m is very minimal.
@TroyYouTube
Жыл бұрын
Do you think they heard a crackling sound the second before it happened?
@BartekCelary
Жыл бұрын
You forgot about the ignition of air under pressure - thermodynamics...
@keithb7981
Жыл бұрын
Due to the design of this particular submersible and the materials that were used in creating it p it is most likely that an instantaneous total implosion took place and and is James Cameron points out very clearly the US Navy and private entities that had hydrophone sonar sensing equipment operating detected the sound of a complete total implosion at the known time that all telemetry and communications were lost from the submersible. This would have been the most merciful way for the occupants to have died. If there had been small cracks developing water jets at approximately 6000 PSI would have streamed into the cabin literally cutting limbs from the occupants or cutting them completely in half. If the occupied Hall had remained intact, the occupants what have died from hypothermia, because ocean water temperature at that deaths would be approximately twenty-eight degrees Fahrenheit or slightly colder depending on the exact salinity and the exact ion content in the water, or they would have died slowly due to buildup of carbon dioxide or the outright termination of breathable oxygen supply.
@clarkscarborough959
Жыл бұрын
I like keithb7981's thinking, but I might add that I heard some more detail about the sonar which the US Navy detects....It is hard to triangulate sounds in ocean water (it's not as easy as in the air) and there is a huge amount of data that they have to search through, which takes a lot of time. That source seemed to have credible points, but you never know.
@vaughnmoore4950
Жыл бұрын
It was made out of carbon fiber,under pressure when it fails unlike titanium which cracks it shatters.
@keithb7981
Жыл бұрын
If you were scuba diving and you inflate your lungs fully hold your breath in ascend as little as 4 ft, a difference of approximately 2 PSI less external pressure than the pressure of the air when you inhaled,, lung tissue, the very thin tissue in the alveoli,, the air sacs within the lungs where gas exchange takes place between the lung and the blood, would rupture and air bubbles would most likely be injected into the bloodstream causing an embolism, a blockage of blood flow to the heart or the brain or both which is fatal, lung tissue could be severely, and you could end up with air in pleural lining and chest cavity around the lungs resulting in a collapsed lung, but the air embolism would be most likely, with or without collapsed lungs 🫁..
@edg8535
Жыл бұрын
Why did it implode? I would say there is a high probability that those in charge did not put safety first according to the information that has come out over the past week.
@priestpilot
Жыл бұрын
I was doing my scuba certification in a shallow reef. One thing that surprised me was how to regulate buoyancy. One can either sink down, remain neutral, or float up. I accidentally put a bit too much air into my ballast pouch and what I didn't realize is that the air expands as less pressure is put on it the higher I got up, so I shot up like a cork! Later on, I did some cave diving. And I realized that even regulating the amount of air in my lungs was affecting my buoyancy.
@RunPJs
Жыл бұрын
What cowboy outfit did you train at? That's basic instruction they should teach you before you get in open water
@priestpilot
Жыл бұрын
@RunPJs Ummm, they did teach us that. But I was doing my open water test and it was one of those things that slipped my mind.
@GarryCollins-ec8yo
Жыл бұрын
On swimming up while holding your breath, through stupidity on my part I discovered that your lungs will not rupture. Your windpipe and whatever holds it shut when you are holding your breath gives out first. Very painful. Fortunately the pain makes you realize you need to breath out before permanent damage occurs. I need to stress the pain, it was bad.
@lastrom1307
Жыл бұрын
Great work. There was likely a heat aspect too from the rapid compression of the surrounding air. Similar to the function of a fire piston.
@fredkaddu2830
Жыл бұрын
Thanks for explaining the pressure concept Found it hard to understand, but its clear here Thanks once more
@JGZimmerle
Жыл бұрын
Scuba diving at 20 meters water depth, you breathe 3 times the amount of air molecules than you would at the surface, not 2 times.
@adamrak7560
Жыл бұрын
Yep, he had mixed up absolute pressure with differential pressure from the surface (hence the plus one).
@EmilyLucille523
Жыл бұрын
Every time he says under pressure, all I can think about is the song, “Under Pressure” by Queen playing in my head. 😅
@brokenjed
Жыл бұрын
Speaking of ruptured lungs. In 1979 a stuntman, AJ Bakunas was trying to break a world record jump of 315 ft onto an air pad. The pad broke and he hit the ground. He was still conscious and completely aware of his predicament. He lived for 24 hours. Seems like his aorta would have torn and he'd of bled out within seconds . Life is dangerous enough without taking these crazy risks.
@jackkruese4258
Жыл бұрын
Wow very informative, i learnt to dive 25 years ago but have only done 30 odd dives since and this acted as a good refresher.
@Gary-lu4op
Жыл бұрын
Decent content Sir 👍. You did leave out an important point though. This being of the massive and instantaneous heating effect of the sudden pressurization. I have heard that it would have been as hot as the sun for an instant. What be your thoughts?
@lym3204
Жыл бұрын
Then they would have been instantly vaporized like the people who were reduced to shadows in the Hiroshima atomic bomb. Were they vaporized or were they compressed?
@soundscienceuk
Жыл бұрын
@@lym3204 i saw a video with a physicist which said they basically would of been an instant ash cloud essentially .
@mike-youtube
Жыл бұрын
what’s not talked about much is designing parts out of carbon fiber and how the strength comes into play. I worked with aircraft parts made out of carbon fiber and learned that the design of any part needs to be done by knowing the loads it will be under. With carbon fiber its strength comes from the load applied against the strands (tensile strength) like in a pressure cylinder where the pressure is on the inside pushing outward. With the titan submersible the pressure is on the outside pushing inward, so the design is relying on the glue not the carbon fiber strands that run end to end.
@clarkscarborough959
Жыл бұрын
Spot-on!
@rednecksamurai
Жыл бұрын
Those folks on the sub were yeeted into the afterlife so hard the reaper had to duck. A shame it had t happen, but perhaps this can be a good lesson in 'Listening to and heading red flags' when they pop up
@moxygenpathogen7678
Жыл бұрын
You forgot to mention that the air becomes hyper pressurized. When you increase the pressure of a gas (air) its temperature increases. They were instantly incinerated by the pressurized gas then they were smashed by the water traveling at 1500 mph then they were crushed by the ship and then they were crushed by the oceanic forces and then they drowned.
@cedwardk
Жыл бұрын
it’s such an unfortunate event😑 but now I understand wtf went down..thx dr👍🏼
@Lost-In-Blank
Жыл бұрын
It is simple: carbon fiber is very strong in tension, but weak in compression.
@fredkaddu2830
Жыл бұрын
Also was waiting 4 the News of the recovery of the bodies, But after watching this video I give up Thank You
@rpondyke2121
Жыл бұрын
It was said that they lost communication when they were at about 3200m down. Assuming the implosion happened at that point, the pressure would be about 4500 psi. No horror for them at that instant. It happened too fast. But the real horror would have been the telltale indicators of cracking and groaning of the structure just prior to the failure. Maybe they were only instantaneous. But at two miles down there was no hope in their minds for any save.
@Databyter
Жыл бұрын
It's unlikely that there would have been any perceptable cracking or groaning at those pressures. The instant that there was any sort of flaw developing it would have proceeded into a full implosion faster than a person would be able to register the noise and understand what it was. Which is why the aural net in the carbon fiber that the creator of the submersible put so much stock in seems ridiculous at those pressures. The idea is interesting, but not for that extreme application. At those pressures any signal, noise, or indication of a flaw in the carbon matrix would be secondary to the very real indicator of an imploded hull. It will be interesting if they can collect the main pieces and examine them forensically to determine how and where the failure occurred. Of course it may be impossible given the nature of the material. But if the metal components were relatively intact, we can certainly conclude that it was the carbon fibor part of the submersible that failed. Which brings up a question. What is the advantage of carbon Fiber. I understand for aerospace. It's lighter. That is not such a concern in a submersible, so why chose this risky material. It is much better suited for other applications. I'd rather be in a carbon fiber rocket ship than a carbon fiber submersible at those depths. Databyter
@cyndhar4841
Жыл бұрын
Is carbon fiber a cheaper material to build (cost-wise)? If so, this may be the reason they chose this material.
@maeton-gaming
Жыл бұрын
@@cyndhar4841 yes
@Databyter
Жыл бұрын
@@cyndhar4841 Honestly I wouldn't think so. Then again, the shape of it was just a siimple cylinder. The front and back of the ship had the angles and bends. Carbon fiber has to be carefully wrapped and resin applied. And it should be done for this application in a clean, filtered environment. A clean room basically. I can't say for sure but the difficulty and expense to do it right doesn't seem very cost effective to me. Im not sure what the draw was other than weight. Perhaps smaller ships and smaller cranes could be used to drop it from the decks of ships etc. aiding in deployment and recovery. But for this application it should all be about what is best at the bottom of the ocean, not at the top. Databyter
@rpondyke2121
Жыл бұрын
@@Databyter I find it interesting that you can conclude that there were no telltale noises or other signs of an immanent implosion at the two mile depth. Fact of the matter is that previous travelers on the Titan had voiced their concerns about cracking noises heard at the extreme depths. One had complained to the CEO about it, who disregarded it as trivial. It makes sense that multiple dives of the sub would fatigue the resin matrix that binds the carbon fibers. After all, it is not the resin matrix that imparts the strength. It seems logical that periodic pressures of up to 5000psi would have over time damaging affects on nonstructural materials.
@arvidlystnur4827
Жыл бұрын
Now I know absolutely everything I need to know about scuba diving! I'm going to stick with paddling a canoe! Seriously this was a good video.
@pm375
Жыл бұрын
Carbon fiber was the wrong material for that submersible and that seems elementary, especially if it was woven with “strengthening” metal fibers. Every time the material was heavily pressurized, on each dive ir would flex, abrade and weaken the weave to the point of inevitably failing. Nothing woven could ever be stronger than a solid metal. Unsure how this composite made it all the way through, design, production and deployment for tourists. This was a tragedy of trust, putting blind faith in the “experts” when common sense should have questioned the logic of the design.
@maryalove5534
Жыл бұрын
He should have known that, but even worse, he didn't want to care about it (from what we know up to now)!!!!! ... 😢
@yutakago1736
Жыл бұрын
Former OceanGate engineer Lochridge and experts had highlighted Rush's refusal to have the submersible properly inspected and certified. The director said he had been told OceanGate was unwilling to pay for such an assessment. Titan is a carbon fiber submersible that can travel as far as 4,000 meters below sea level, the OceanGate website says. At the depth of the Titanic, which sits 3,800 meters below sea level. Lochridge also said that the submersible's viewpoint was only certified to work in depths of up to 1,300m and claimed he had been fired by OceanGate after he questioned the safety of the Titan. The OceanGate management have the same mindset as former Boeing management that cause Boeing 737 MAX 8 MCAS disaster. Both disregard passenger safety for profits.
@jameshoffman552
Жыл бұрын
The fact that the Titan was crushed at only 3500 feet depth suggests that there may have been more involved than the mere failure of this hair-brained designed vessel.
@maryalove5534
Жыл бұрын
At this time, only God knows!!!!! This is a horrific tragedy!!!!! ... 😢 And one that could have been avoided!!!!! I really hope that nothing like this ever happens again!!!!!
@donnafrflorida56
Жыл бұрын
It's was 1 hrs 45 min out of 2.5 hrs dive, it was alot further down. It's 12,500 to bottom
@jasonwebb5964
Жыл бұрын
3500 meters. Not feet
@andrewskrypnyk601
Жыл бұрын
Their are family members left. You were so technical that you forgot to give condolences the the living members of their families. God bless their souls.
@Davinhomx
Жыл бұрын
It's funny that stockton was a scuba diver and the sub he build without the shell looks 100000% like a scubatank
@TrojansFirst
Жыл бұрын
But would you agree that they knew it was coming? They dropped their weights and were trying to rise back up. I think he saw the carbon fiber hull starting to fail.
@3tpculp
Жыл бұрын
Why does a balloon burst when over pressured (more than it was designed to handle). In the balloon the over pressure is on the inside. On a sub the pressure is on the outside, the BURST is ALWAYS from the high pressure to the low.
@david-dj8or
Жыл бұрын
I keep hearing that it would get crushed instantly. Would the water just push inward at the speed of gravity from all sides?
@david-dj8or
Жыл бұрын
After more time to think, I thought of other things. I thought that as crushed, the gas inside would escape through the holes rather than be compressed as many claim. As in relation to my earlier comment, I imagine if it was air rather than water that did the crushing, the crushing would be instant. I also thought of an analogy to the event. Imagine the sub was at depth in a strong sphere 50 ft in dia. This sphere had a 1in sq tube going all the way to the surface. The pressure would be the same as what had happened to that sub. But to be crushed it would have to wait for gravity to push the water down the tube hundreds of feet. In the event that happened to the Titanic sub, as the sub was crushed, the sea level would not be seen to have dropped so I don't think waiting for gravity would be an issue, but I still think the sub got crushed at the speed of gravity.
@2Btoobee
Жыл бұрын
May I ask why it feels so comfortable being underwater? I did some scuba diving a few years ago, after being used into breathing into the equipment underwater, there's just something incredibly comfortable being underwater and having the pressure on all sides.
@katdaddy469
Жыл бұрын
The titanium caps were glued to the CF. The carbon wounding wasn't even angled to provide more strength. I think the initial failure lies in these parameters.
@clarkscarborough959
Жыл бұрын
I’ve learned that Rush did angle the weave, but agree most ardently that this connection was most likely the failure point.
@tomroach6275
Жыл бұрын
Thank you Dr.
@AnthonyBolognese710
Жыл бұрын
Just one minor point. Bar and atm aren’t completely interchangeable. They’re close (1 bar = 0.983atm), but you notice deviations when you get over 100bar. For instance at the depth the Titanic is, there’s a +4 atm deviation.
@kenmh7357
Жыл бұрын
Great video and explanation of Scuba, which is the best sport!
@amyniemann9564
Жыл бұрын
Wow that was a fantastic lesson professor!!! Im a TSLA bull and feel sorry for those folks in the Sub. Happy to know it was quick
@rickbrenner6079
Жыл бұрын
James Cameron’s next film: “Titan” - Starring Greg Kinnear as Stockton Rush
@robert112uk
Жыл бұрын
They had about 20 mins to contemplate this. They must have been in utter terror!
@casparblattmann755
Жыл бұрын
Wouldn't the air inside the sub, as it is compressed, heat up and burn up everything what is inside the sub?
@juggernaut316
Жыл бұрын
There would be cavitation explosion
@johnc2438
Жыл бұрын
Infinintely faster and flatter than crushing a bug underfoot: 🐛sppplllaaattt!!! 😲 Very interesting, informative video! Thanks.
@MarioRossi-sh4uk
Жыл бұрын
Compliments for the fairly accurate explanation. However, I think it's incorrect to say say that the body just imploded and they virtually vanished. We humans are made by 80% of water, and that water is everywhere in our body. So it may be fair to say that the bodies shrank no more than 80% in volume. I think some body remains may still be identifiable on the ocean floor. Maybe the bones ? The skull ? Ok for the lungs, the air volume in the lunges is about 6 liter. So yes, those 6 liter or dm^3 are literally gone. Too much for an horror movie for me.
@OliveD-Martini
Жыл бұрын
Question for you I do not have aquatic education. With an implosion/explosion, would there not have been something that came to the surface? Like major air bubbles or something? This was heavy equipment...
@lupehernandez1951
Жыл бұрын
Reporters are still suggesting "bodies" can be recovered. While we still, and may never, have all the answers. But the lack of understanding as to what likely happened to the five souls onboard the submersible is stunning.
@sabrinalennox2004
Жыл бұрын
Great channel. Glad I stumbled onto it. Thank you Sir!
@aravinds1023
Жыл бұрын
What happens to what they wore, and also how creatures can survive there if any does?and can there be no situation of slight water leakage then the vessel giving up..?
@randallharman5424
Жыл бұрын
Feelings verses science, is all the rage!
@1dash133
Жыл бұрын
Dr. Know-it-all, I agree with most of your points on the implosion. However, I disagree that the human parts would be rendered as a red smudge on the inside of the crushed submersible. The Titan was not crushed like a soda can, crushing the crew inside it. It imploded and left wreckage scattered over the ocean bottom. Body parts would remain identifiable. However, locating the body parts would be painstakingly difficult. It's one thing to identify metallic man-made parts on the ocean floor using sonar or magnetometers. It's another thing to sift through the bottom to locate any organic parts. * * * * * As to the fatal design flaw that caused the Titan to implode, the experts seem to be focusing on the connections between the titanium steel end structure with the carbon fiber reinforced cylindrical body. These are points of discontinuity. Dissimilar shapes. Dissimilar materials. Stresses on one part do not transfer smoothly to the other. It's as good a place as any to start the investigation. It would've shown good foresight if the engineers had included a "black box" recording critical communication, navigational, and sensory information. However, Titan's owners probably saw that as a waste of resources.
@Stones_Throw
Жыл бұрын
My understanding is that the viewing widow's rating was insufficient for the target depth. Also, I cannot imagine the confidence given to carbon fiber sheeting bonded by epoxy adhesive. 5" I believe. Titan failed on its 4th or 5th visit. Several compression and expansion cycles to weaken the hulls integrity internally. A decision prioritizing cost and weight. Titan was destined to fail eventually.
@benified6920
Жыл бұрын
I think they knew the situation was bleak when the viewing window started cracking.
@maxfynd1418
Жыл бұрын
The viewing window had been tested to 1300 meters, way short of reaching the Titanic in one piece.
@benified6920
Жыл бұрын
@@maxfynd1418 And the CEO claimed in an interview that when the window starts cracking that is his fail safe or something like that. My thought is they were hearing the creaks and groans on the hull but dismissed it as "normal" but then the window started cracking around 9000 ft forcing them to abort and ascend only for the implosion to occur around 3500 ft (according to JAmes cameron 3500 ft is when he thinks it happened) imho. sorry for the long response
@markfernee3842
Жыл бұрын
The energy of the implosion was equivalent to the energy of detonating 50 kg of TNT, but all delivered to the interior. Under those circumstances, just figuring out the order of events is difficult. The entire process takes about 1 millisecond. During that time there are supersonic shock waves, just as with any explosion. The structural properties of a human body would be no different from any liquid under those conditions. There would be myriad chemical changes occurring and who knows, possibly the formation of nanodiamonds near the focus...
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