Placental abnormalities could be seen on the basis of their morphological variations. In this video, some of the clinically significant varieties are explained.
Placenta succenturiata is the variety in which one or two extra accessory lobes or cotyledons or succenturiate lobe are lying away from the main portion of the placenta but they are connected by the blood vessels which were radiating from the main portion of the placenta and are covered by the membrane if the interconnecting vessels are absent then the condition is called the placenta spuria. It is forming because some of the villi remain functional on the chorionic laeve which is usually atrophied. In these varieties, the retention of the lobe is more common and may cause PPH.
Placenta Extrachorialis is the variety in which the chorionic plate is smaller than the basal plate thus some of the villi remain bear and the fibrous ring is forming in the chorionic plate and the vessel becomes disappear from this ring. It has 2 types - Placenta circumvallate, in this the fetal membrane becomes rolled back and form double lining thus fibrous ring is thicker than the other variety of placenta circummarginate (placenta marginata). In these conditions, women may have abortions, APH, growth retardation.
Placenta membranacea is the variety in which the placenta is too large and thin as villi on the chorion leave become functional thus covering the whole of the uterus. In such a situation separation is too tough as the placenta is so long.
In some rare conditions, the placenta may have equal size 2, 3, or multiple lobes which are connected by the common umbilical cord they are called bipartite (bilobed), tripartite(trilobed), and multilobed.
Watch Placenta Structure video here: • Structure of the Place...
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