Mood: form of verb
Verb in a sentence can play three roles
Tense: form of verb which tells us the time of an action or situation
Mood: form of verb which tells us the attitude or intention of a person to an action or event.
Voice : form of verb which tells us whether the subject of the sentence is the doer or receiver of the action.
Subjunctive mood
Subjunctive mood is the form the verb which is used to express a non-factual action or event.
He has a car. (fact, not intention)
I wish that I had a car. (unreal situation, not fact)
My father insists that I get up early in the morning. (intention, not fact)
Present subjunctive mood:
Present subjunctive mood is the form of verb through which we express some necessity, requirement, demand, prayer or indirect order, advice, request.
Past subjunctive mood: Past subjunctive mood is the form of verb through which we express unrealities, imagination, improbabilities, unfulfilled wishes etc.
Verbs in present subjunctive mood
Active voice : V1 or base form of the verb
Passive voice : be + V3
Negative : Subject + not + V1
My father said to me, “Brush your teeth daily.”
My father advised me to brush my teeth daily.
My father advised me that I should brush my teeth daily.
He said to me, “Open the door.”
He asked me to open the door.
He asked me that I should open the door.
The man asked his son that he ………….(go) there by bus.
The man asked his son if he ………….(go) there by bus.
It is imperative that the passport carries your photo.
It is imperative that the passport carry your photo.
(if the sentence were “the passport carries your photo” the sentence would be correct but now it is necessity hence the ans - carry)
The case doesn’t require that he is present.
The man advised his son that he took some rest.
We shall request him that he has pity on them.
The coach ordered the players that they practised hard for the upcoming match.
It is necessary that every citizen pays the taxes honestly.
God saves our queen!
(it is not fact. It is what we want. It is our wish, hence it is expressed by subjunctive mood)
The workers demanded that the corrupt manager was suspended. be suspended
The lady prayed to the lord Buddha that her son was restored to life.
be restored
Note: Subjunctive verb mood will be used after the following phrases;
It is necessary….
It is advised….
It is critical …..
It is imperative ……
It is ordered…..
It is recommended …….
The teacher ordered the students that they did not make a noise.
The teacher ordered the students that they not make a noise.
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