The Isaac Peral S-80 series is one of the largest non-nuclear submarines in the world and has the unique feature of using a bioethanol fuel cell Air Independent Power system, known as Bio-Ethanol Stealth Technology. It has advantages over other Air Independent Power systems.
Conventional submarines need to surface once in 24 hours to recharge their batteries being used with the diesel engines. This makes them vulnerable to detection and attack. The Air Independent Power system minimizes this exposure by recharging the batteries even while the submarine is submerged.
According to Navantia, Bio-Ethanol Stealth Technology consists of a bioethanol reformer to produce hydrogen, which reacts with oxygen in a fuel cell, generating electricity. This system enables the vessel to extend its endurance, operating independently underwater for up to three weeks, which considerably reduces its detectability level. Also, ethanol is readily available. Other Air Independent Power submarines use hydrogen tanks.
The submarine has three primary weapons. These are the DM2A4 heavyweight torpedo, UGM-84 Sub-Harpoon anti-ship missile, and SAES seabed mines. It also can deploy the UGM-109 Tomahawk land attack cruise missile. This will place the Spanish Navy in an elite group of submarine operators with a ‘first night’ strategic strike capability.
The ‘first night’ strategic strike capability is unique among non-nuclear NATO submarines. It entails entering shallow waters and launching an attack from close to the enemy territory.
It is a highly automated submarine with a state-of-the-art platform control system developed by Navantia Sistemas. It can be operated by a limited crew (32 sailors and eight berths for additional embarked personnel). The S-80 class submarine can reach an underwater speed of over 19 knots and a maximum depth capacity of over 300 meters. It is approximately 80 meters long, 7 meters in diameter, and has a submerged displacement of 3,000 tons.
the S-80 has a wider hull. The pressure hull diameter of S80 is 7.3 meters compared to 6.2 meters of Scorpene class submarines. This seemingly small difference is enough to allow for an extra deck level.
It also means that it carries the same number of torpedoes, but the torpedo room does not take up the entire height of the forward part of the submarine. S-80’s length is also more at 80.8 meters than the 61.7 meters of Scorpene.
Another significant difference is that the S-80 is designed, from the start, as an Air Independent Power submarine. The Scorpene class submarines have developed AIP and are now retrofitting it. India purchased the Kalvari class variant of Scorpene and is retrofitting it with a local Air Independent Power system.
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