Episode 669: BG Chap 4
As this Yoga eternally exists in Paramatma, it is imperishable. Yet, it had become invisible in the world. So he said ‘perished’. With this understanding, the contradiction vanishes.
Krishna realized that the Knowledge vanished due to reaching the weak who lacked sense-control & that people had forgotten the purusharthas. So with compassion He was now giving it to the world.
He now reveals the reason for His decision.
saēvāyaṁ mayā tē’dya yōgaḥ prōktaḥ purātanaḥbhaktō’simē sakhā cēti rahasyaṁ hyētaduttamamǁ3ǁ
As you are my devotee & friend, this ancient secretive knowledge is being revealed to you.
Here the Lord indicates how and why the Yoga taught by Him was not destroyed. Although the knowledge had weakened in popularity, a few good disciples steadfastly pursue it.
He says, ‘Arjuna I am revealing that ancient Yoga to you. As you are my devotee & friend, seeking your well-being, I am teaching you this supreme & secretive knowledge’
Secretive does not mean that others should not obtain it. It implies that it should be obtained only by those who are worthy of receiving it.
Unable to appreciate the value of a gemstone, a toddler or madman will break it or misplace it. The same gem will be preserved by one who knows its value. Likewise, this knowledge is supreme & hence must be kept secretive i.e., it should be given only to those who have faith & devotion.
Arjuna’s devotion was pure. Referring to Arjuna as a friend is just for conversation because in the 5th chapter, He will say- suhŗdam sarvabhūtānām (I am the friend of all). But due to devotion, a few like Arjuna treat Him as their friend.
Bhartrhari has given a wonderful sookti which explains the qualities of a true friend-
pāpānnivārayati yōjayatē hitāya
guḥyam ca gūhati guṇān prakaṭīkarōti
āpadgatamca na jahāti dadāti kālē
sanmitra lakṣaṇamidam pravadanti santaḥ
He who prevents us from sins, who encourages us towards good deeds seeking our upliftment, who keeps our faults secretive, who publicizes our good qualities, who stays with us during difficulties, and who gives that which is needed at the right time- is our good friend.
Krishna was a true friend. Kshatriya Arjuna was erring by abandoning his ordained duty of fighting. Krishna prevented him from sin. He encouraged Arjuna to complete his ordained duties, which would uplift him.
Being distressed at wartime is a fault for a Kshatriya. Krishna kept Arjuna’s fault a secret. He did not inform this to Dharmaraja & others.
If Krishna held weapons, the war would have lasted only for a few seconds. But he wanted his friend Arjuna to obtain fame. So he encouraged him to please Shiva with penance & obtain the Pashupata weapon. Through this penance, Arjuna also got the fame as gudākesha and jitendriya. Krishna thus ensured that Arjuna’s good qualities were known to all.
He stayed with the Pandavas during their troubles since childhood. A true friend gives at the appropriate time. At this right moment, He was gifting the Yoga to Arjuna.
Arjuna knew that Krishna was Paramatma. Hence, he addressed Him as Janardana, Keshava, & Madhusudana in the earlier verses. Bhagavan said, ‘I taught this knowledge to Surya in the past’. But Krishna was born recently while Surya exists from yore. How could He teach Surya? To ensure that this confusion is quelled in the ignorant and to hear from Krishna the statement, ‘I am Paramatma’, Arjuna asks-
Arjuna uvāca:
aparaṁ bhavatō janma paraṁ janma vivasvataḥkathamētadvijānīyāṁ tvamādau prōktavānitiǁ4ǁ
Your birth was after Surya’s birth. How am I to understand your statement that you taught Surya at the onset of creation?
Being agemates, Krishna and Arjuna shared a close bond. This bonding enabled Arjuna to question thus.
During the Rajasuya yaga, Bhishma elaborated on Srikrishna’s tattva. Bhishma’s words delighted the Pandavas. Arjuna joyfully said, ‘Dear grandfather! Every word you have said about Krishna is correct’.
Arjuna had heard Krishna’s glories from Bhishma & others. He had directly witnessed Krishna’s supernatural abilities in many instances. He now asked as he wanted his Guru Krishna to reveal many more secrets.
3 types of perceptions are noticeable in the world- manodrshti, atmadrshti and dehadrishti. Ordinary people perceive from dehadrsthi (bodily perspective). The mediocre perceive from manodrshti (mental perspective). The supreme perceive from the Self’s perspective (atmadrshti).
Being a supreme person, Arjuna wanted to know Krishna’s Self-essence, and from the Self’s perspective, he raised this question.
Paramatma incarnated as Vasudeva’s son Krishna. He is omniscient. However, the deluded beings do not know this truth. To dispel their doubt, the Lord is going to explain. From this reply, His omniscience & supremeness become clear.
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