Sarazm (Tajik: Саразм) is an ancient town and also a jamoat in north-western Tajikistan. It dates back to the 4th millennium BC, with C14 dates ranging from 3900-2100 BC, and is today a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The jamoat is part of the city of Panjakent in Sughd Region and has a total population of 27,877 (2015).
Located 15 kilometers west of the city of Panjakent, the site occupies an area of about 1.5 km in length and 400 to 900m in width.At the peak of the occupation, the site would have covered an area of up to 90 hectares, 35 of which are unobstructed.
The site is of great interest for archaeologists as it constitutes the first proto-historical agricultural society in this region of Central Asia. Moreover, it is the most north-eastern of those proto-historical agricultural permanent settlements.Sarazm was the first city in Central Asia to maintain economic relations with a network of settlements covering a vast territory from the Turkmenistan steppes and the Aral Sea (in the northwest) to the Iranian Plateau and the Indus (in the south and southeast).
At the peak of the occupation of Sarazm, the city was economically thriving and artistic production flourished. Pottery was richly ornamented with motifs such as circles, crosses, triangles, lines, and net patterns painted using red, yellow, and blue pigments. The rosette patterns found on some ceramic could be indicative of an understanding of the solar calendar.
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