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DRY-DOCKING
The process of dry-docking refers to when a vessel is taken to the service yard and brought to dry land so that submerged portions of the hull can be cleaned and inspected. This work is both preventative as well as a regulatory requirement within the industry
Every machine needs regular maintenance, repairs, and upkeep to operate efficiently. The procedure used for routinely maintaining and repairing ships, boats, and other watercraft is called dry docking.
Ship repairs using dry docking have been done for many years.
It is a process for building, maintaining, and repairing ships.
On land, we come to auto repair centers for the maintenance and servicing of our vehicles. The same goes for ships, but at sea.
The primary function of a dry dock is to perform efficient maintenance and repairs on parts that are constantly in contact with marine water but are hidden from view unless the water is flushed out.
The meaning of dry dock is a structured area wherein construction, repairs and maintenance of merchant vessels and boats are carried out. This unique construction or arrangement allows the water to be filled up in an area, also known as a lock so that vessels can be manoeuvred in and out of the area.
Once the vessel enters the dry dock, the gates are closed and the seawater is drained out so that the hull and other parts of the ship, which have been exposed to seawater for a long time are exposed for carrying out maintenance and repair works.
As per SOLAS requirements, all Merchant vessels require a complete survey of the hull in a dry dock twice within 5 year period and an intermediate survey within not more than 36 months.
Process: Dry Docking and Launching
Description
In dry docking, a ship is removed from the water to enable work to be performed on the exterior part of the ship below the waterline. Ships are constructed on dry docks. In launching, the new or repaired ship is either floated in place or slid from its berth.
To prepare the dry dock, keel blocks are set into position and lines and men to handle the vessel are readied. A qualified dockmaster supervises the operation. Dock-based winches are usually used to position the ship in the dock.
The most dangerous time in drydocking occurs when support for the ship is changing from water buoyancy to dry dock blocks. If the strength of the blocks is insufficient, they can be crushed, overturning the ship.1
Very large ships (tankers, aircraft carriers) are often constructed in graving docks.1
Ships are often launched as soon as the hull is completed sufficiently to float safely. They are then moved to an outfitting dock for completion.2
Launching from a building berth may be endwise, sidewise, or by in-place flotation.2
Launching from a building dock is performed by flooding the dock to the depth required to float the ship.
Careful planning and considerable expertise are required to launch a ship by sliding it into the water. Drag chains of predetermined weights are used to control the ship's entry into the water. Tugs are needed to control the ship after entry into the water.3
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