In March 2022, Anatoly Bibilov, the leader of the Georgian breakaway territory of South Ossetia announced plans to hold a referendum on unification with Russia. However, by the end of the May, the planned vote had been called off following strong opposition from Moscow. However, the reasons for the Kremlin's objections aren't entirely clear. Certainly, the timing seemed ideal for annexation, especially as international attention was focused on Ukraine and Russia was already under extensive Western sanctions. So, what does Russia really want with South Ossetia?
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As the Soviet Union collapsed at the start of the 1990s, South Ossetia seized the opportunity to try to break away from Georgia. However, it was unable to achieve its goal of unification with neighbouring North Ossetia-Alania, lying across the Caucasus Mountains. Instead, Georgia repeatedly tried to retake the territory. This eventually came to a head in 2008 with the Five Day War between Georgia and the Russian Federation. In response, Moscow recognised South Ossetia - and Abkhazia, another breakaway territory - as an independent state; thus becoming South Ossetia's patron state. However, in the decade and a half since then, South Ossetians have shown little overt commitment to their statehood. Instead, repeated calls for a referendum on unification with North Ossetia within Russia have been rejected by Moscow. The question is why? While the situation certainly gives Russia leverage over Georgia, it appears more complex than this.
CHAPTERS
0:00 Introduction and Titles
41:06 South Ossetia-Russia: De Facto-Patron State Relations
2:08 Background to Georgia and South Ossetia
3:19 The Evolution of Ossetian Unity
4:21 South Ossetia and the End of the Soviet Union
5:29 The 2008 Russia-Georgia War
7:22 South Ossetia-Russia Relations
8:40 South Ossetia Unification Referendum
10:30 Was the Time Right to Annex South Ossetia?
11:52 Why Russia Opposed South Ossetian Annexation
13:17 Will Russia Annex South Ossetia?
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FURTHER READING & USEFUL SOURCES
South Ossetia MFA mfa.rsogov.org/en
IR South Ossetia / @user-zy2ni9bd8j
Georgia Ministry of Foreign Affairs mfa.gov.ge/Home.aspx?lang=en-US
RussiaSouth Ossetia Treaty on Alliance and Integration (2015)
kremlin-ru.translate.goog/sup...
Russia Recognises South Ossetia and Abkhazia (2008)
en.kremlin.ru/events/president...
South Ossetia Today carnegieeurope.eu/2019/06/11/...
Georgia: A Political History Since Independence amzn.to/3c2S000
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KEYWORDS
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