Let’s take a look at the things we know about Gardiner’s life to see what we think about his character, actions and legacy…
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Images (from Wikimedia Commons, unless otherwise stated):
Portrait of Cardinal Thomas Wolsey by Sampson Stong (1585-1596). Held by Trinity College.
Portrait of Henry VIII by Joos van Cleve (c.1531). Held by the Royal Collection.
Portrait of Stephen Gardiner by an unknown 16th century artist. Held in an unknown location / collection.
Portrait of William Warham by Hans Holbein the Younger (1527). Held by the Louvre Museum.
Portrait of Thomas Cranmer by Gerlach Flicke (1545-1546). Held by the National Portrait Gallery.
Portrait of Thomas Cromwell by Hans Holbein the Younger (1532-1533). Held by The Frick Collection.
Screenshot of frontispiece for printed version of De Vera Obedienta from: buff.ly/3uQT6pj
Artist’s impression of the Pilgrimage of Grace 1536 by Fred Kirk Shaw (1913). Held by Lancs Museum.
Draft of the Six Articles (1539) amended in Henry VIII’s own hand. Scan from "David Starkey, Susan Doran: Henry VIII, Man and Monarch, exhibition catalogue, 2009.
Portrait of Katherine Parr by an unknown artist (late 16th century). Held by the National Portrait Gallery.
King Edward VI and the Pope by an unknown artist (c.1575). Held by the National Portrait Gallery.
Mary I of England and Philip II of Spain by an unknown artist (1558). Held by the Royal Museums Greenwich.
Portrait of Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon by an unknown artist (c.1555). Held in a unknown private collection.
Portrait of Elizabeth by an unknown artist (c.1546). Held by the Royal Collection.
Quoted texts:
Michael Riordan and Alec Ryrie, “Stephen Gardiner and the Making of a Protestant Villain” (2003)
C. D. C. Armstrong, ODNB entry on Stephen Gardiner.
Also consulted, were:
Other relevant entries from The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online.
#History #Tudor #Reformation
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